Ancient History & Civilisation

Appendix IV

King Lists

Kings of Parthia (c.247- 50 BC)

Exact dates for the majority of the Parthian kings are impossible to determine. The names in brackets are their real names before assuming the throne and the name Arsaces.

Arsaces I		c.247–211 BC
Arsaces II		c.211–191 BC
Arsaces III	(Priapatius)	c.191–176 BC
Arsaces IV	(Phraates I)	c.176–171 BC
Arsaces V	(Mithradates I)	c.171–138 BC
Arsaces VI	(Phraates II)	c.138–128 BC
Arsaces VII	(Artabanus I)	c.128–124 BC
Arsaces VIII	(Mithradates II)	c.123–88 BC
Arsaces IX	(Gotarzes I)	c.91–81 BC
Arsaces X	(Orodes I)	c.80–76 BC
Arsaces XI	(Sinatruces)	75–70 BC
Arsaces XII	(Phraates III)	69–58 BC
Arsaces XIII	(Mithradates III)	c.57–54 BC
Arsaces XIV	(Orodes II)	c.57–37 BC
Arsaces*	(Pacorus I)	c.50–38 BC

* There is no consensus over whether Pacorus actually became king and assumed the name Arsaces (but see Chapter 7). He has not here been given the numeral XV to avoid confusion as some Parthian king lists include him and some don’t. The ones that don’t have his brother (Phraates IV) as Arsaces XV.

Kings of Macedon (359–167 BC)

From the period when Macedon gained dominance over the states of Greece.

Philip II	359–336 BC	Pyrrhus	287–285 BC
Alexander III (The Great)	336–323 BC	Lysimachus	287–281 BC
Alexander IV	323–310 BC	Seleucus I	281 BC
Philip III	323–317 BC	Ptolemy	281–279 BC
Olympias	317–316 BC	Antigonus II	276–239 BC
Cassander	315–297 BC	Demetrius II	239–229 BC
Philip IV	297 BC	Antigonus III	229–221 BC
Alexander V	297–294 BC	Philip V	221–179 BC
Antipater I	297–294 BC	Perseus	179–167 BC
Demetrius I	294–288 BC


Kingdom of Macedonia abolished by Rome 167 BC

Seleucid Kings (c.311–64 BC)

From the foundation of the Seleucid empire, following the death of Alexander the Great.

Seleucus I	c.311–281 BC	Demetrius II (again)	129–125 BC
Antiochus I	281–261 BC	Cleopatra	126–123 BC
Antiochus II	261–246 BC	Antiochus VIII	126–96 BC
Seleucus II	246–226 BC	Seleucus V	126 BC
Seleucus III	226–223 BC	Antiochus IX	114–95 BC
Antiochus III (The Great)	223–187 BC	Seleucus VI	95 BC
Seleucus IV	187–175 BC	Antiochus X	95 BC
Antiochus IV	175–164 BC	Demetrius III	95–88 BC
Antiochus V	164–162 BC	Antiochus XI	95 BC
Demetrius I	162–150 BC	Philip I	95–83 BC
Alexander I	150–145 BC	Antiochus XII	87 BC
Demetrius II	145–139 BC	Philip II	83 BC
Antiochus VI	145–142 BC	Tigranes (King of Armenia)	83–69 BC
Antiochus VII	138–129 BC	Antiochus XIII	69–64 BC

Seleucid empire annexed by Rome 64 BC

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