The Oxford World’s Classics and the Penguin Classics series are indispensable, and both a joy and an adornment. I have used many of the translations over the years but the following were crucial in the research for this book.
Herodotus, The Histories, trans. Robin Waterfield, Oxford University Press, 1998
Pliny the Younger, Complete Letters, trans. P.G. Walsh, Oxford University Press, 2006
Plutarch, Roman Lives, trans. Robin Waterfield, Oxford Paperbacks, 1998
Lives of the Later Caesars, trans. A.R. Birley, Penguin Classics, 1976
Suetonius, Lives of the Caesars, trans. Catherine Edwards, Oxford Paperbacks, 2000
Tacitus, Agricola, and Germany, trans. A.R. Birley, Oxford Paperbacks, 1999
Tacitus, Annals of Imperial Rome, trans. Michael Grant, Penguin Classics, 1956
Secondary sources for a study of Hadrian’s Wall are excellent; here are those which were most useful to me:
Bedoyere, de la, G., Hadrian’s Wall, NPI Media Group, 1998
Birley, A.R., Garrison Life at Vindolanda, History Press, 2002
Birley, A.R., Hadrian, the Restless Emperor, Routledge, 1997
Bowman, A.K., Life and Letters on the Roman Frontier, British Museum Press, 1976
Breeze, D.J. and Dobson, B., Hadrian’s Wall, Penguin, 1976
Breeze, D.J., The Antonine Wall, John Donald, 2006
Burton, A., Hadrian’s Wall Path, Aurum Press, 2003
Crow, J., Housesteads, History Press, 1995
Davies, J., A History of Wales, Penguin, 1990
Davies, N., Europe: A History, Pimlico, 1996
Fraser, A.F., The Native Horses of Scotland, John Donald, 1987
Frere, S.S., Britannia, Pimlico, 1967
Goldsworthy, A., Caesar, Phoenix, 2000
Hill, P., The Construction of Hadrian’s Wall, History Press, 2000
Johnson, S., Hadrian’s Wall, Batsford, 1989
Moffat, A., The Borders: A History from Earliest Times, Birlinn, 2002
Morris, J., The Age of Arthur, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973
Salway, P., The Oxford Illustrated History of Roman Britain, Oxford University Press, 1993
Scarre, C, The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Rome, Penguin, 1995
Thomas, A.C., Celtic Britain, Thames & Hudson, 1986
Towill, S., Carlisle, Phillimore, 1991
Watson, W.J., The Celtic Place-Names of Scotland, Birlinn, 1993
Wilmott, A., Birdoswald Roman Fort, Heritage Services, 1995