PROLOGUE
1 She had been, they seemed to agree … Morris, James, Farewell the Trumpets, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978, p. 408.
CHAPTER ONE
1 “The smoke …” Quoted in Briggs, Asa, Victorian Cities, New York: Harper & Row, 1963, p. 269.
2 “a good wife …” Colls, Robert, and Philip Dodd, Englishness: Politics and Culture 1800–1920, London: Croom Helm, 1986, p. 196.
3 a world graced … Ibid.
4 dead ravens … Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
CHAPTER THREE
1 “I write sensibly …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters to Sir Valentine Chirol, University of Durham Library, Special Collections, Palace Green Section.
CHAPTER FIVE
1 sixteenth-century German mapmakers … Koller, Teddy, and Moshe Pearlman, Jerusalem, Jerusalem: Steimatsky’s Agency, 1972, p. 12.
2 the British were chosen … Morris, James, Pax Britannica, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968, p. 502.
3 “Such a moon!” Bell, Gertrude. Diaries, University of Newcastle.
4 “One has to walk …” Ibid.
CHAPTER SIX
1 “I am a Person …” Bell, Gertrude. Diaries, University of Newcastle.
CHAPTER SEVEN
1 The great meeting … Morris, James, Pax Britannica, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968, p. 507.
2 “The Oriental is like …” Bell, Gertrude, The Desert and the Sown, London: W. Heinemann, 1907.
3 “It was a stormy morning …” Ibid.
CHAPTER NINE
1 “It’s the greatest …” Bell, Gertrude, Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “I have seldom …” Ibid.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
1 “damned fool thing …” Tuchman, Barbara W., The Guns of August, New York: Ballantine Books, 1994, p. 71.
CHAPTER FOURTEEN
1 “Is sex so much? …” Bell, Gertrude, Private Papers, University of Newcastle.
2 “Someday I’ll tell you …” Ibid.
3 “I hated it …” Ibid.
4 “And suppose …” Ibid.
5 “… there is an eternal …” Ibid.
6 “I can’t …” Elizabeth Robins Collection, Series 2, Series 5, Bell Letters, Fales Library, New York University.
7 “speaking hopelessly …” Ibid.
8 “I was falling …” Ibid.
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
1 “We saw nothing …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “It has ended …” Bell, Molly. Diaries, University of Newcastle.
3 “The military people …” Hogarth, David. Private Papers, St. Anthony’s College, Oxford.
4 “Gertrude … is …” Ibid.
5 “mostly writing notes …” quoted in Garnett, David, Letters of T. E. Lawrence. London: Spring Books. 1964.
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
1 “I get rather tired …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 on March 9, 1916 … James, Laurence, The Golden Warrior, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1990, p. 111.
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
1 “I am going away …” Lawrence, M. R., The Home Letters of T. E. Lawrence and His Brothers, Oxford. 1954.
2 “Oh how glad …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
3 “I want to express …” F.O. 882/13 June 15, 1916. Public Records Office.
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
1 “a nice creature …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “Yes, it has been …” Ibid.
3 “Rudolfe might be asked …” Ibid.
4 “I hear from Gertrude …” Hogarth, David. Private Papers, St. Anthony’s College, Oxford.
CHAPTER NINETEEN
1 “lady of the Court …” Rihani, Ameen, Ibn Sa’oud of Arabia, London: Constable & Co., 1928, p. 7.
2 “A very shrewd …” Author’s interview with Abdul Razaq Hassani, Baghdad, 1994.
3 “Lawrence, relying on her reports …” Speech by David Hogarth. Royal Geographical Society, April 4, 1927.
CHAPTER TWENTY
1 “Your very affectionate …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE
1 “Khatun … your nation is great …” Interview by Gertrude Bell with the Naqib. Published in Wilson, Arnold T., Mesopotamia 1917–1920, A Clash of Loyalties, London, 1931.
2 “more affectionate …” Hogarth, David. Private Papers, St. Anthony’s College, Oxford.
3 “Miss Bell has …” Haidar, Rustam, Memoirs, translated from the Arabic for the author by Suleiman Mousa, Amman, 1994.
4 “inverted megalomaniac,” Burgoyne, Elizabeth. Private Papers, West Yorkshire Archives, Colverdale Central Library, Halifax, West Yorkshire.
5 “The Arabs would …” Garnett, David, Letters of T. E. Lawrence, London: Spring Books, 1964.
6 “Mrs. Vita was over …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
7 “I’m glad to be …” Ibid.
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO
1 But Talib’s methods … Ireland, Philip, Iraq, London: Jonathan Cape, 1937.
2 “She is the only …” Bell, Gertrude. Diaries, University of Newcastle.
3 “There is practically …” Ibid.
4 “If the French …” Ibid.
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE
1 “I’m very sorry …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “On any subject …” quoted in The Times of London, obituary. July 21, 1926.
3 “An Arab State …” quoted in Ireland, Philip, Iraq, London: Jonathan Cape, 1937, p. 197.
CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX
1 “a sun-dried bureaucrat …” Wilson, Arnold T., Mesopotamia, 1917–1920, A Clash of Loyalties, London: 1931, p. 320.
CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN
1 “As he wants …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “I do hope …” Ibid.
3 supporter of Adolf Hitler. Marlowe, John, Late Victorian: The Life of Sir Arnold Talbot Wilson, London: 1967, p. 349.
CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT
1 “there’s the Jewish interest …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE
1 “The wind is blowing …” Ireland, Philip. Private Diary, Middle East Institute.
2 “A.T. stands convicted …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
3 “a private laugh …” quoted in Brown, Malcolm, T. E. Lawrence, The Selected Letters. New York: W. W. Norton, 1989, p. 352.
4 “The first ruler …” Report on Middle East Conference held in Cairo and Jerusalem (secret) Cab 24/126, June 1921.
5 “You littleIMP! …” Quoted in Monroe, Elizabeth, “Gertrude Bell,” British Society for Middle East Studies Bulletin, 1980.
6 “How easily …” Quoted in Fishman, Jack, My Darling Clementine. New York: David McKay Co., 1963, p. 68.
CHAPTER THIRTY
1 threats of intimidation … Graves, Philip, The Life of Sir Percy Cox, London: Hutchinson, 1941.
2 gave away thousands … Klieman, Aaron S., Foundations of British Policy in the Arab World, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1971.
CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE
1 “There is no meaning …” Quoted in Ireland, Philip, Iraq, London: Jonathan Cape, 1937, p. 466.
2 “Brothers! … my word is …” Ibid.
CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO
1 “Miss Bell …” Private interview with Guzine Abdel Kadir Rashid, London, 1993.
2 “The notables here …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
3 “outrageously low …” Ibid.
4 “Muslim women …” Ibid.
5 “since Kirkuk is …” Ibid.
6 “I can’t tell you …” Ibid.
CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE
1 “I’m an officer …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “I must form …” Ibid.
3 “We betrayed him …” Ibid.
CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR
1 “The King is …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “I have worked …” Rihani, Ameen, Ibn Sa’oud of Arabia, London: Constable, 1928, p. 7.
3 “drunk with sun …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
4 Sati el Husari … Author’s interview with Salma Sati El Husari, Amman, 1994.
5 Ibn Saud’s slaves … Rihani, Ameen, Ibn Sa’oud of Arabia, London: Constable, 1928.
6 The two tribes would become … Author’s interview with Amatzia Baram, Washington, D.C., 1994.
7 Ibn Saud was on the verge … Rihani, Ameen, Ibn Sa’oud of Arabia, London: Constable, 1928.
8 When a representative … Dickson, H. R. P., Kuwait and Her Neighbors, London, 1956.
9 “There is, remember …” Graves, Philip, The Life of Sir Percy Cox, London: Hutchinson, 1941.
CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE
1 “Yes, the atmosphere …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “Certain it is that …” quoted in Bell, Gertrude, The Desert and the Sown, Boston: Beacon Press, 1987, p. xiii.
3 an American journalist … Harrison, Marguerite, There’s Always Tomorrow, New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1935, p. 591. Also Harrison, New York Times, July 18, 1926, obituary.
4 “I never had …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
5 collecting ancient objects … Author’s interview with Amatzia Baram, Washington, D.C., 1994.
6 “I have a very great …” Bell, Molly. Diaries, University of Newcastle.
CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX
1 “The King laughed …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
2 “They must be …” Ibid.
3 “I’m dreadfully sorry …” Ibid.
4 Worths and Molyneux Author’s interview with Mme. Rénée Kabir, London, 1994.
5 “I am feeling …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
6 “If only the Iraq Cabinet …” Ibid.
7 “his only difficulty …” Ibid.
8 “so many of my plans …” Ibid.
9 “You have somehow …” Bell, Gertrude. Private Papers, University of Newcastle.
10 “Somehow, … I felt as if we had got …” Ibid.
11 “The truth is …” Ibid.
12 “We were absolutely …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
13 It was a Saturday morning … Sackville-West, Vita. Passenger to Teheran, New York: Moyerbell Ltd., 1990.
14 “I don’t see for the moment …” Bell, Gertrude. Letters, University of Newcastle.
15 “It is too lonely …” Ibid.
EPILOGUE
1 in his private account … Author’s interview with Ali Salah, Baghdad, 1994. See also, Burgoyne, Elizabeth. Private Papers. West Yorkshire Archives. Colverdale Central Library. Halifax, West Yorkshire. See also Ireland, Philip. Private Diary. Middle East Institute Library.