Introduction
These tests are all split into two parts, of which the first is for comprehension and the second for translation, giving a ratio of 20:30. The storylines are taken either from history or from mythology. The tests are modelled on those set for the WJEC Level 2 Additional unit, which has determined the ratio of marks, the range of question styles and the glossing of vocabulary. The A402 Higher Tear GCSE unit is almost identical, with a few variations in defined vocabulary and in the ratio of marks, which should be 20:40. The mark schemes for the translations are also based on the WJEC Level 2 format; teachers preparing students for the GCSE may wish to use the type of mark scheme applied by OCR, which is to divide the passage into 10 sections, each worth 4 marks. This is a much cruder system but is quick to apply.
In each exercise, read the first part of the story and answer the questions that follow. Then translate the second part of the story.
1 The conspiracy of Catilina
1 Catilina plots against Rome.
1 Catilina erat senator Romanus, qui consul esse diu voluerat. cum
2 tamen cives Romani Ciceronem, non Catilinam, consulem legissent,
3 Catilina, exercitu hominum pessimorum parato, coniurationem contra
4 senatum facere coepit. Catilina et ceteri duces coniurationis in domum
5 amici convenerunt, ut consilium caperent. duos homines iusserunt
6 postridie prima hora ad domum Ciceronis ire ad eum necandum. Cicero
7 tamen, quod ab uno ex coniuratis rem cognovit, domum servis armatis
8 defendit.
Names
|
Catilina, -ae m. |
Catilina |
|
Cicero, -onis m. |
Cicero |
Words
|
coniuratio, -onis f. |
conspiracy, plot |
|
coniuratus, -i m. |
conspirator, plotter |
|
armo, -are, -avi, -atus |
I arm |
(a) Catilina … voluerat (line 1): what two facts are we given here about Catilina?
[4]
(b) cum … coepit (lines 1-4):
(i) why were Catilina’s hoped dashed?
[2]
(ii) describe Catilina’s army.
[2]
(iii) what did Catilina begin to do?
[2]
(c) Catilina … caperent (lines 4-5): which three of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A Catilina met with his fellow-conspirators
B the leaders came to Catilina’s house
C a friend received Catilina into his house
D Catilina’s friends met at Catilina’s house
E the leaders of the conspiracy wished to make a plan
F Catilina’s friend wished to make a plan
[3]
(d) duos … necandum (lines 5-6): what plan was made?
[4]
(e) Cicero … defendit (lines 6-8): how did Cicero save himself?
[3]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Cicero deals effectively with the conspiracy.
Cicero, simulatque impetum duorum hominum reppulit, ad senatum festinavit, ut senatoribus quid accidisset nuntiaret. in foro quoque civibus convocatis dixit Catilinam mortem suam et aliorum senatorum cupere. et cives et senatores eum hortati sunt ut coniuratos vinceret. Catilina, urbe relicta, ad exercitum suum contendit. ubi quidam Ciceroni epistulas, a ducibus coniurationis scriptas, tradidit, ille satis argumenti iam habebat ut duces raperet. senatores rogavit quid de illis facere deberet. alii eos in carcerem iaciendos esse, alii necandos clamaverunt. tandem Cicero invitus eos interfici iussit.
Words
|
repello, -ere, reppuli |
I beat off, repulse |
|
coniuratus, -i m. |
conspirator |
|
coniuratio, -onis f. |
conspiracy, plot |
|
argumentum, -i n. |
proof, evidence |
|
carcer, -eris m. |
prison |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
2 Paris and the beauty contest
1 The goddess Discord causes a fight among the goddesses.
1 ubi ceteri dei cenam consumebant, Discordia, quae irata erat quod ad
2 cenam non invitata erat, inter deas subito apparuit. malum aureum
3 tenebat.
4 ‘dea,’ inquit, ‘quae pulcherrima omnium est, hoc malum habere
5 poterit.’
6 Discordia statim discessit. deae, quod omnes malum cupiebant,
7 mox pugnare coeperunt.
8 ‘nolite pugnare,’ clamavit Iuppiter. ‘nobis necesse est certamen
9 habere. iudex erit Paris, filius regis Troiae. Paris est iuvenis
10 pulcherrimus, cui nos dei favemus.’
Names
|
Discordia, -ae f. |
Discord |
|
Paris, -idis m. |
Paris |
|
Iuppiter, Iovis m. |
Jupiter |
|
Troia, -ae f. |
Troy (a city) |
Words
|
malum, -i n. |
apple |
|
aureus, -a, -um |
golden |
|
certamen, -inis n. |
contest |
(a) ubi … tenebat (lines 1-3):
(i) what were all the other gods apart from Discord doing?
[1]
(ii) which three of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A Discord was angry
B the rest of the gods were angry
C Discord had not invited the other gods to the dinner
D Discord had not been invited to the dinner
E Discord suddenly appeared among the goddesses
F Discord suddenly appeared among the gods
[3]
(iii) why do you think the other gods might have been suprised when they saw Discord? Give two reasons.
[2]
(b) dea … poterit (lines 4-5): what did Discord say the golden apple was for?
[2]
(c) Discordia … coeperunt (lines 6-7):
(i) what did Discord do?
[2]
(ii) what did the goddesses do?
[2]
(iii) why was this?
[2]
(d) nolite … Iuppiter (line 8): what order did Jupiter give to the goddesses?
[2]
(e) nobis … favemus (lines 8-10): explain in detail how Jupiter planned to end the fight.
[4]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Paris is called on to judge the goddesses Juno, Minerva and Venus.
Iuppiter Mercurium misit, qui Paridi nuntiaret quid faciendum esset. Paris, simulac verba Mercurii audivit, tres deas conspexit. cum omnes pulcherrimae essent, Paris timebat ne duae victae se punirent. dum eas spectat, primum Iuno ei dixit: ‘si me legeris, tibi magnum regnum dabo.’ deinde Minerva promisit se maximam in bello virtutem ei daturam esse. denique Venus, ‘sicut me,’ inquit, ‘pulcherrimam deam leges, tu uxorem habebis, quae longe pulchrior est quam ceterae feminae.’
quibus auditis Paris Venerem legit. illa eum hortata est ut Spartam iter faceret; ibi enim habitabat Helena, pulcherrima omnium feminarum.
Names
|
Mercurius, -i m. |
Mercury (a god) |
|
Minerva, -ae f. |
Minerva |
|
Sparta, -ae f. |
Sparta (a city) |
|
Iuno, -onis f. |
Juno |
|
Venus, -eris f. |
Venus |
|
Helena, -ae f. |
Helen |
Words
|
virtus, -utis f. |
courage |
|
denique |
finally |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
3 The story of Titus Latinius
1 The Romans insult the gods.
1 Romani ludos magnos in circo paraverant. prima luce, priusquam
2 ludi coepti sunt, civis quidam servum suum per medium circum egit,
3 eum ferociter verberans. hoc erat sacrilegium, quod ludi deis sacri
4 erant: necesse erat Romanis deos orare, ne irati essent. Romani tamen
5 hoc non fecerunt. paucis postea diebus civis notus, Latinius nomine,
6 somnium habuit: Iuppiter ei visus est dicere ludos sibi non placuisse.
Names
|
Latinius m. |
(Titus) Latinius |
|
Iuppiter, Iovis m. |
Jupiter |
Words
|
ludi, -orum m pl. |
games (held in honour of the gods) |
|
circus, -i m. |
circus (a sports arena) |
|
verbero, -are |
I beat |
|
sacrilegium, -i n. |
an insult to the gods |
|
somnium, -i n. |
dream |
(a) Romani … paraverant (line 1): what had the Romans been doing?
[3]
(b) prima … verberans (lines 1-3): which four of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A it was dawn
B at first there was some light
C the games had started
D the games had not yet started
E a citizen was beating a slave
F a slave was beating a citizen
G the slave was chasing the citizen through the circus
H the citizen was chasing the slave through the circus
[4]
(c) hoc … essent (lines 3-4):
(i) why was what had happened an insult to the gods?
[2]
(ii) what should the Romans have done?
[3]
(d) Romani … fecerunt (lines 4-5): what do you think hoc refers to?
[1]
(e) paucis … placuisse (lines 5-6):
(i) when did the final episode in this section happen?
[2]
(ii) who was Latinius?
[1]
(iii) what exactly was his dream?
[4]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Latinius persuades the senators to satisfy the gods.
‘ad senatores i,’ inquit Iuppiter; ‘haec verba eis nuntia: dei irati sunt. novi ludi parandi sunt, maiores quam antea. nisi hoc fecerint, urbs poenas dabit.’
postridie Latinius, quamquam senatoribus nuntiare volebat id quod audiverat, timebat ne illi se deriderent. domi igitur mansit. illa nocte filius eius subito mortuus est. Latinius, eodem deo in somnio iterum viso, adhuc haesitabat. mox ipse morbum dirum patiebatur. tandem vix vivus ad senatum portatus est. ibi senatores hortatus est ut ludos iterum pararent. simulac consenserunt, Latinius domum ambulavit laetissimus.
Words
|
ludi, -orum m pl. |
games (held in honour of the gods) |
|
derideo, -ere |
I laugh at |
|
somnium, -i n. |
dream |
|
haesito, -are |
I hesitate |
|
morbus, -i m. |
illness |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
4 How Coriolanus saved his honour
1 Marcius wins glory and a new name during a war against the Volsci.
1 Romani Coriolos, urbem Volscorum, oppugnabant. inter milites erat
2 iuvenis, Marcius nomine. cum manus hominum e portis urbis egressa
3 esset, ut Romanos oppugnaret, Marcius non solum impetum eorum
4 retudit, sed etiam per portas apertas paucis cum comitibus ferociter
5 cucurrit, caedeque in magna parte urbis facta, aedificia incendit. cives
6 tantum clamorem sustulerunt, ut ceteri Romani in urbem contenderent.
7 urbe capta, Marcius propter virtutem nomen Coriolanum accepit.
Names
|
Corioli, -orum m pl. |
Corioli (a town) |
|
Volsci, -orum m pl. |
the Volsci (a race of people living south of Rome) |
|
Marcius, -i m. |
Marcius |
|
Coriolanus, -i m. |
Coriolanus |
Words
|
retundo, -ere, -tudi |
I beat back |
|
caedes, -is f. |
slaughter |
|
virtus, -utis f. |
courage |
(a) Romani … oppugnabant (line 1): what were the Romans doing?
[2]
(b) inter … nomine (lines 1-2): give two details about Marcius.
[2]
(c) cum … incendit (lines 2-5):
(i) manus hominum: were these Romans or men from Corioli?
[1]
(ii) what did these men do?
[2]
(iii) what was their purpose?
[1]
(iv) what happened to the men?
[1]
(v) which four of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A the band of men ran through the gates into the city
B Marcius ran through the gates into the city
C the gates were open
D Marcius was alone
E Marcius killed many men
F the men of Corioli killed many Romans
G the slaughter was in a large part of the city
H the buildings set on fire were in a large part of the city
[4]
(d) cives … contenderent (lines 5-6):
(i) what did the citizens of Corioli do?
[1]
(ii) what happened as a result of this?
[3]
(e) urbe … accepit (line 7):
(i) what happened to the city?
[1]
(ii) how did the Romans show their gratitude to Marcius?
[2]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Coriolanus first betrays Rome, and then saves it.
paucis annis postea erat Romae inopia frumenti. multi senatores, inter quos primus erat Coriolanus, plebi frumentum dare nolebant. cives tam irati erant ut Coriolanum ex urbe expellerent. ille, postquam ad Volscos fugit, eis persuasit ut bellum Romanis inferrent. Coriolano duce, copias Romanas saepe vicerunt. tandem, multis aliis urbibus captis, exercitus Volscorum ad portas Romae ipsius pervenit. civibus desperantibus, uxor et mater Coriolani cum duobus filiis ad castra hostium contenderunt. priusquam Coriolanus eas complecteretur, mater eum rogavit utrum ad filium an ad hostem venisset. his verbis victus, Coriolanus exercitum ab urbe duxit.
Words
|
inopia, -ae f. |
shortage |
|
plebs, -is f. |
the lower classes (of citizens) |
|
expello, -ere |
I drive out |
|
inferro, -ferre (+ dat.) |
I declare (war) (on) |
|
complector, -i |
I embrace |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
5 The Fabii take on the Etruscan army
1 Caeso Fabius promises to defend Rome against Veii.
1 Romani longum bellum gerebant contra gentes finitimas, quae
2 Romam vincere volebant. inter eas Veientes maximum periculum
3 faciebant; agros enim Romanos saepe ingressi sunt, ut frumentum
4 delerent. cum tot hostes essent, Caeso Fabius consul senatoribus haec
5 dixit: ‘gens mea exercitum contra Veientes praebere vult; cives Romani
6 alias copias contra ceteros hostes parare possunt.’ senatores ei gratias
7 egerunt. hoc cognito populus Romanus Fabium laudavit.
Names
|
Veientes, -um m pl. |
the people of Veii (an Etruscan city near Rome) |
|
Caeso Fabius, Caesonis Fabii, m. |
Caeso Fabius |
Words
|
finitimus, -a, -um |
neighbouring |
(a) Romani … volebant (lines 1-2):
(i) what were the Romans doing?
[4]
(ii) what are we told about the gentes finitimas?
[3]
(b) inter … delerent (lines 2-4): which three of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A the people of Veii caused most trouble among the races
B the people of Veii caused most trouble to the Romans
C the Romans often invaded the territory of Veii
D the people of Veii often invaded Roman territory
E they invaded to destroy the food supply
F they invaded because their food supply was destroyed
[3]
(c) cum … dixit (lines 4-5):
(i) why did Caeso Fabius address the senators?
[2]
(ii) who was Fabius?
[1]
(d) gens … possunt (lines 5-6):
(i) which is the best translation of gens mea here?
A my race
B my family
C my tribe
D my people
[1]
(ii) what did gens mea wish to provide?
[2]
(iii) what did Fabius suggest the citizens of Rome should do?
[3]
(e) hoc … laudavit (line 7): when did the Roman people praise Fabius?
[1]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Fabius’ plan fails.
postridie trecenti sex Fabii per vias urbis plenas civium gaudentium contenderunt. consule duce ex urbe profecti, ad flumen latum venerunt. castris hic positis, multos dies Fabii impetus in agros Veientum faciebant, nonnullosque homines etiam interficiebant. tandem Veientes novum consilium ceperunt: pecora in agros prope castra Fabiorum ducebant, ut illi ea capere conarentur. mox Fabii tam audaces erant ut procul a castris progrederentur. deinde Veientes insidias paraverunt: Fabios pecora per agros sequentes subito multa milia militum undique oppugnaverunt. Fabii, quamquam fortissime restiterunt, omnes necati sunt.
Names
|
Fabii, -orum m pl. |
members of the gens Fabia |
Words
|
trecenti, -ae, -a |
three hundred |
|
pecora, -um n pl. |
cattle |
|
undique |
from all sides |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
6 The myth of Prometheus
1 Prometheus helps mankind to cheat the gods.
1 Iuppiter, qui erat rex deorum, homines creavit; sacrificia enim ab eis
2 accipere volebat. Prometheus eum adiuvit. cum tamen homines primum
3 sacrificium facerent, Prometheus eis persuasit ut deis darent victimae
4 ossa, adipe involuta. ‘si id feceritis,’ inquit, ‘vos ipsi carnem consumere
5 poteritis.’ quamquam hoc hominibus placebat, Iuppiter, simulatque
6 intellexit quid accidisset, iratissimus erat. ceteris deis convocatis
7 clamavit ‘homines puniendi sunt.’ feminas igitur creavit, ut viri semper
8 poenas darent.
Names
|
Iuppiter, Iovis m. |
Jupiter |
|
Prometheus, -i m. |
Prometheus |
Words
|
creo, -are, -avi |
I create |
|
sacrificium, -i n. |
sacrifice |
|
victima, -ae f. |
victim (sacrificial animal) |
|
os, ossis n. |
bone |
|
adeps, -ipis m. |
fat |
|
involvo, -ere, -volvi, -volutus |
I wrap |
|
caro, -nis f. |
meat |
(a) Iuppiter … volebat (lines 1-2):
(i) who was Jupiter?
[2]
(ii) what did he do?
[1]
(iii) why did he do this?
[2]
(b) Which is the correct translation of Prometheus eum adiuvit (line 2)?
A Prometheus heard him
B Prometheus approached him
C Prometheus helped him
D Prometheus joined him
[1]
(c) cum … involuta (lines 2-4):
(i) when did Prometheus suggest that men should deceive the gods?
[2]
(ii) what was the deception?
[4]
(d) si … erat (lines 4-6): explain why men were pleased, but Jupiter was very angry when he learnt of Prometheus’ advice.
[2]
(e) ceteris … sunt (lines 6-7): which three of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A Jupiter called the rest of the gods together
B the rest of the gods called out
C Jupiter shouted
D the rest of the gods shouted
E ‘men are punishing us,’ was shouted
F ‘men must be punished,’ was shouted
[3]
(f) feminas … darent (lines 7-8):
(i) what was the punishment?
[2]
(ii) suggest a reason why viri is used here for ‘men’, rather than homines.
[1]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Prometheus is punished for helping mankind again by giving them fire.
Prometheus erat tristis, quod homines sine igni vitam miserrimam habebant. Iuppiter tamen, qui cognoverat Prometheum homines iterum adiuvare velle, ei imperavit ne ignem eis daret. Prometheus, quamquam iram Iovis timebat, hominibus ignem dedit, quo cibum coquerent. illi iam multo laetiores erant. Iuppiter autem, simulatque intellexit quid Prometheus fecisset, tam iratus erat, ut eum punire constitueret. Prometheus, captus inque montes ductus, ad rupem ligatus est. cotidie iecur ab ingenti aquila consumebatur; noctu iecur reficiebatur. ita, quod benignus fuerat, plurimos annos puniebatur.
Words
|
coquo, -ere |
I cook |
|
rupes, -is f. |
rock |
|
ligo, -are, -avi, -atus |
I tie |
|
cotidie |
every day |
|
iecur, -oris n. |
liver |
|
aquila, -ae f. |
eagle |
|
noctu |
at night |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
7 Actaeon and Diana
1 The hunter Actaeon takes a wrong turning.
1 Actaeon in silva cum amicis canibusque venari solebat. olim
2 postquam multos cervos hastis necaverunt, Actaeon comitibus
3 persuasit ut domum cervos mortuos portarent; ipse enim, quod sol
4 adhuc in medio caelo erat, per silvam cum canibus suis diutius
5 ambulare volebat. paucas horas progressus, primum voces audivit,
6 deinde magnam speluncam conspexit, in qua puellae pulcherrimae
7 circum feminam etiam pulchriorem sedebant. illa prope fontem sine
8 vestimentis stabat.
Names
|
Actaeon, -onis m. |
Actaeon |
Words
|
venor, -ari |
I hunt |
|
cervus, -i m. |
stag |
|
spelunca, -ae f. |
cave |
|
fons, fontis m. |
spring |
(a) Actaeon … solebat (line 1):
(i) which is the correct translation of Actaeon venari solebat?
A Actaeon hunted when it was sunny
B Actaeon hunted alone
C Actaeon was accustomed to go hunting
D Actaeon was alone when hunting
[1]
(ii) who accompanied him?
[2]
(b) olim … portarent (lines 1-3):
(i) what was the result of the hunting?
[2]
(ii) what task did Actaeon give to the others?
[2]
(c) ipse … volebat (lines 3-5):
(i) what did Actaeon wish to do?
[4]
(ii) what time of day was it?
[1]
(d) paucas … sedebant (lines 5-7):
(i) for how long did Actaeon walk?
[2]
(ii) which four of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A first Actaeon heard voices
B Actaeon heard the first voices
C then Actaeon saw a large cave
D some girls were standing in the cave
E the girls were very beautiful
F there was a woman sitting apart from the girls
G the girls were more beautiful than the woman
H the woman was more beautiful than the girls
[4]
(e) illa … stabat (lines 7-8):
(i) to which person does illa refer?
[1]
(ii) why might this person have been embarrassed?
[1]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Actaeon pays with his life for his mistake.
femina, quam Actaeon conspexerat, erat dea Diana, quae venatione confecta cotidie cum ancillis in illam speluncam ire solebat. illae, simulac virum conspexerunt, ad dominam celandam festinaverunt; quae, cupiens eum punire, nihil aliud nisi aquam habebat, quam iaceret. hac in vultum iuvenis iacta, eum exsecrata est.
‘nunc,’ inquit, ‘omnibus nuntiare conaberis te deam sine vestimentis vidisse – si poteris! num iam sic ad canes tuos redire audebis?’
Actaeon cornua cervi in capite crescere sensit. mox quattuor pedes habebat. perterritus e spelunca cucurrit, celerius quam antea. canibus suis statim necatus est.
Name
|
Diana, -ae f. |
Diana (goddess of hunting) |
Words
|
venatio, -onis f. |
hunt, hunting |
|
cotidie |
every day |
|
spelunca, -ae f. |
cave |
|
exsecror, -ari, -atus sum |
I curse |
|
cornu,-us n. |
horn |
|
cervus, -i m. |
stag |
|
cresco, -ere |
I grow |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
8 Spartacus
1 Spartacus gathers an army.
1 Spartacus erat gladiator fortis feroxque. in ludo prope Capuam gladio
2 atque hasta pugnare docebatur. cum tamen hanc vitam odisset, ira
3 motus lanistam crudelem necavit. ceteris gladiatoribus eum
4 sequentibus, e ludo effugit. hanc manum hominum servitio liberatorum
5 per agros circumiacentes ducere coepit. in omnibus locis servis
6 persuadere conatus est, ut dominos relinquerent. servi, quod labor in
7 agris durissimus erat, verbis Spartaci auditis laetissime paruerunt.
Names
|
Spartacus, -i m. |
Spartacus |
|
Capua, -aei f. |
Capua (a city in the south of Italy) |
Words
|
gladiator, -oris m. |
gladiator |
|
ludus, -i m. |
gladiatorial training school |
|
lanista, -ae m. |
trainer |
|
servitium, -i n. |
slavery |
(a) Spartacus … feroxque (line 1): how is the gladiator, Spartacus, described?
[2]
(b) in ludo … docebatur (lines 1-2): what happened in the school?
[4]
(c) cum … necavit (lines 2-3): which three of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A Spartacus hated being a gladiator
B Spartacus liked his life
C Spartacus moved angrily
D Spartacus acted out of anger
E Spartacus killed the cruel trainer
F Spartacus cruelly killed the trainer
[3]
(d) ceteris … effugit (lines 3-4):
(i) what did Spartacus do?
[1]
(ii) how do we know that the other gladiators approved of his action?
[1]
(e) hanc … coepit (lines 4-5):
(i) write down and translate the word that describes the men.
[2]
(ii) where did Spartacus lead the men?
[2]
(f) in omnibus … relinquerent (lines 5-6): how did Spartacus try to increase his numbers?
[4]
(g) servi … paruerunt (lines 6-7): look at the following statements based on these words:
(i) the slaves were very tough
(ii) the slaves were very happy
(iii) the slaves worked on the land
(iv) the land was very hard
(v) the slaves heard Spartacus’ words
(vi) Spartacus heard the slaves’ voices
Which three of the above statements are true?
A (i), (v) and (vi)
B (ii), (iii) and (v)
C (i), (ii) and (iv)
D (ii), (iv) and (vi)
[1]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 At first Spartacus is successful, but in the end he fails.
Spartacus, postquam servos ad se vocare coepit, brevi tempore magnam turbam virorum feminarumque circum se habebat. plurimi horum nec gladium neque hastam umquam tenuerant. Spartacus, cum timeret ne Romani exercitum contra se mitterent, amicis imperavit ut omnes servos pugnare docerent. eodem tempore ei qui poterant novos gladios hastasque fecerunt. mox tantus exercitus armatorum paratus erat pro libertate pugnare, ut primus exercitus, quem Romani miserunt, facile vinceretur. deinde tamen alter maiorque exercitus Romanus, ab imperatore peritiore ductus, pervenit. hic exercitus copias Spartaci superavit; qui ipse necatus est.
Words
|
armati, -orum m.pl. |
armed men |
|
libertas, -atis f. |
freedom |
|
peritus, -a, -um |
experienced |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
9 The Emperor Caligula
1 Caligula’s love life.
1 Caligula multas feminas amabat. saepe, senatoribus ad cenam
2 invitatis, si uxor cuiusdam ei placebat, marito imperavit ut eam
3 repudiaret; deinde ipse eam amare poterat. etiam sororem suam,
4 Drusillam, adeo amabat ut, postquam mortua est, maximos honores ei
5 daret. inter tot feminas una, Caesonia nomine, amorem imperatoris diu
6 accipiebat. Caligula eam, quamquam nec pulchra neque iuvenis erat,
7 iamque tres filias ex alio viro habebat, tandem in matrimonium duxit.
Names
|
Caligula, -ae m. |
Caligula |
|
Drusilla, -ae f. |
Drusilla |
|
Caesonia, -ae f. |
Caesonia |
Words
|
repudio, -are, -avi |
I divorce |
|
honos, -oris m. |
honour |
|
matrimonium, -i n. |
marriage |
(a) Caligula … amabat (line 1): what are we told about Caligula?
[3]
(b) saepe … poterat (lines 1-3): which four of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A Caligula invited senators to dinner
B senators invited Caligula to dinner
C someone liked Caligula’s wife
D a senator’s wife liked Caligula
E Caligula liked a senator’s wife
F Caligula ordered the senator to divorce his wife
G the senator ordered his wife to divorce him
H Caligula could then have an affair with the woman
[4]
(c) etiam … daret (lines 3-5):
(i) who was Drusilla?
[1]
(ii) how did Caligula show his great passion for her?
[4]
(d) inter … accipiebat (lines 5-6): what was special about Caesonia?
[4]
(e) Caligula … duxit (lines 6-7): what reasons might Caligula have had for not marrying Caesonia?
[4]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 The death of Caligula.
Caligula, per quattuor annos in quibus imperium tenebat, tot homines occidit ut cives magnopere timerent, ne ira imperatoris contra se verteretur. is multos necavit ut pecuniam eorum raperet, alios quod eum non satis laudaverant, ceteros nulla alia causa quam quod optimi viri erant. senatores, qui eum maxime oderant, tandem duobus militibus persuaserunt ut imperatorem gladiis percuterent. milites, dum imperatorem necant, senem conspexerunt post ianuam celatum. illum quoque, quod viderat quid accidisset, necare paraverunt. tum milites senem agnoverunt: erat Claudius, patruus Caligulae. milites eum imperatorem proximum futurum esse statim nuntiaverunt.
Name
|
Claudius, -i m. |
Claudius |
Words
|
percutio, -ere |
I strike |
|
agnosco, -ere, -novi |
I recognise |
|
patruus, -i m. |
uncle |
|
proximus, -a, -um |
next |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]
10 The story of Arachne
1 Arachne challenges the goddess Minerva to a weaving contest.
1 Arachne erat filia pauperis. tantam artem autem lanificii ostendebat ut
2 multi venirent ad eam spectandam. aliquis dixit se credere Arachnen a
3 Minerva doctam esse. his verbis auditis, Arachne, ‘noli id credere,’
4 inquit. ‘ipsa me omnia docui. ars mea multo melior est quam Minervae.
5 si illa mecum certaverit, tu mox intelleges deam a me multa discere
6 posse.’ Minerva, simulatque hoc cognovit, iratissima erat. statim
7 constituit eam puniendam esse.
Names
|
Arachne, -es (acc. -en) f. |
Arachne |
|
Minerva, -ae f. |
Minerva (goddess of crafts) |
Words
|
lanificium, -i n. |
spinning and weaving |
|
certo, -are, -avi |
I have a contest |
|
disco, -ere |
I learn |
(a) Arachne … pauperis (line 1): who was Arachne?
[2]
(b) tantam … spectandam (lines 1-2):
(i) why was Arachne special?
[2]
(ii) which is the correct translation of ad eam spectandam?
A they looked at her
B they were watching for her
C to watch her
D to that show
[1]
(c) aliquis … esse (lines 2-3):
(i) what belief did someone have about Arachne?
[2]
(ii) what did this suggest about Arachne’s skill?
[1]
(d) his … docui (lines 3-4): which three of the following statements are true? Write down the letters for the ones that are correct.
A Arachne heard what was said
B Minerva heard what was said
C Arachne told the speaker not to believe what was said
D Arachne said she did not believe what was said
E Arachne said Minerva had taught her everything
F Arachne said she was self-taught
[3]
(e) ars … Minervae (line 4): what comparison did Arachne make?
[3]
(f) si … posse (lines 5-6):
(i) what did Arachne suggest she wanted to happen?
[2]
(ii) what did she think would be the result of this?
[2]
(g) Minerva … esse (lines 6-7):
(i) how did Minerva feel when she found this out?
[1]
(ii) what did she decide should be done?
[1]
Total mark for Question 1: [20]
2 Arachne pays for her arrogance.
Minerva vestimenta anilia gerebat. domum Arachnes ingressa, lente sicut anus locuta est.
‘meum consilium tibi accipiendum est. si veniam deae pro verbis tuis rogaveris, illa veniam dabit.’
Arachne, ‘audesne’, inquit, ‘ad me venire sic annis confecta? tua verba stulta numquam mihi persuadebunt. cur dea ipsa ad certandum non venit?’
Minerva, vestimentis mutatis, statim respondit: ‘ego veni!’
et femina et dea ad telas sedebant. texere coeperunt. multas post horas aulaea confecta inspexerunt: aeque pulchra erant. dea tam irata erat ut Arachnen in araneam mutaret.
‘sic texere semper poteris,’ dixit ridens.
Words
|
anilis, -is, -e |
of an old woman |
|
anus, -us f. |
old woman |
|
venia, -ae f. |
forgiveness |
|
certo, -are |
I have a contest |
|
muto, -are |
I change |
|
tela, -ae f. |
loom |
|
texo, -ere |
I weave |
|
aulaeum, -i n. |
tapestry |
|
aranea, -ae f. |
spider |
Total mark for Question 2: [30]