BOOK III
THE PRINCIPATE
30 B.C.-A.D. 192

30:

Octavian receives tribunician power for life; Horace’s 2nd book of Satires

29:

Virgil’s Georgics; Horace’s Epodes

27:

Octavian becomes Augustus

27-A.D. 68:

JULIO-CLAUDIAN DYNASTY

27-A.D. 14:

Principate of Augustus

25:

Agrippa’s Pantheon; fl. Tibullus

23:

First 3 books of Horace’s Odes

20:

First book of Horace’s Epistles

19:

Death of Virgil; fl. Propertius

18:

Lex lulia de adulteriis

13:

Theater of Marcellus; fourth book of Horace’s Odes

12-9:

Campaigns of Drusus in Germany; Tiberius subjugates Pannonia

9:

Fl. Livy; Ara Pacis of Augustus

8:

Death of Maecenas and Horace

6:

Tiberius in Rhodes

2:

Banishment of Julia

A.D. 4:

Augustus adopts Tiberius

8:

Ovid banished to Tomi

9:

Defeat of Varus in Germany; lex Papia Poppaea and lex lulia de maritandis ordinibus

14:

Death of Augustus

14-37:

Principate of Tiberius

14-16:

Germanicus and Drusus in Germany

17-18:

Germanicus in the Near East

18:

Death of Ovid

19:

Death of Germanicus; trial of Piso

20:

Lex maiestatis; rise of informers

23-31:

Rule of Sejanus

27:

Tiberius settles at Capraea

29:

Death of Livia; banishment of Agrippina

30:

Fl. Celsus, encyclopedist

31:

Death of Sejanus

37-41:

Principate of Gaius (Caligula)

41-54:

Principate of Claudius

41-49:

Exile of Seneca

43:

Conquest of Britain

48:

Death of Messalina; Claudius marries Agrippina the Younger

49:

Seneca praetor, and tutor to Nero

54-68:

Principate of Nero

55:

Seneca dedicates De Clementia to Nero; Nero poisons Britannicus

59:

Nero orders death of his mother Agrippina

62:

Fall of Seneca; death of Persius; Nero kills Octavia and marries Poppaea

64:

Burning of Rome; first persecution of Christians in Rome

65:

Execution of Seneca and Lucan

66:

Death of Petronius and Thrasea Paetus

68-69:

Principate of Galba

69 (Jan.-Apr.):

Principate of Otho

69 (July-Dec):

Principate of Vitellius

69-96:

FLAVIAN DYNASTY

69-79:

Principate of Vespasian

70:

The Colosseum; Quintilian fills first state professorship

71:

Vespasian banishes philosophers

72:

Suicide of Helvidius Priscus

79-81:

Principate of Titus

79:

Eruption of Vesuvius; death of the elder Pliny

81:

Arch of Titus

81-96:

Principate of Domitian; fl. Martial and Statius

81-84:

Campaigns of Agricola in Britain

93:

Persecution of Jews, Christians, and philosophers

96-98:

Principate of Nerva

98:

Tacitus consul

98-117:

Principate of Trajan

101-2:

Trajan’s first war against the Dacians

105:

Tacitus’ Histories

105-7:

Trajan’s second war against the Dacians

111:

Pliny the Younger curator of Bithynia

113:

Forum and column of Trajan

114-6:

Trajan’s campaigns against Parthia

116:

Tacitus’ Annals; Juvenal’s Satires

117-38:

Principate of Hadrian

119:

Suetonius’ Lives of the Caesars

121-34:

Hadrian’s tour of the Empire

134:

Fl. Salvius Julianus, jurist

138-61:

Principate of Antoninus Pius

139:

Mausoleum of Hadrian

161-80:

Principate of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus

161-9:

Co-reign of Lucius Verus

161:

Institutiones of Gaius

162-5:

War against Parthia

166-7:

Plague spreads through the Empire

166-80:

War with the Marcomanni

174 (?):

Marcus writes the Meditations

175:

Rebellion of Avidius Cassius

180:

Death of Marcus Aurelius

180-92:

Principate of Commodus

183:

Conspiracy of Lucilla

185:

Execution of Perennis

189:

Famine; execution of Cleander

190:

Pertinax, prefect

193

(Jan. 1): Murder of Commodus