ABBREVIATIONS
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Aff. Etr. |
Archives du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, Paris, France (Correspondance politique, Angleterre) |
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APC |
Acts of the Privy Council, ed. J. R. Dasent et al., 46 vols. (London, 1890–1914) |
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AR |
The Antiquarian Repertory, ed. F. Grose, 4 vols. (London, 1807–09) |
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BL |
British Library |
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Cal. Pole |
The Correspondence of Reginald Pole, ed. T. F. Mayer, 4 vols. (Aldershot, 2002) |
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CPR |
Calendar of Patent Rolls |
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CS |
Camden Society |
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CSPD |
Calendar of State Papers Domestic |
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CSPF |
Calendar of State Papers Foreign |
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CSPS |
Calendar of State Papers Spanish |
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CSPV |
Calendar of State Papers Venetian |
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DNB |
Dictionary of National Biography EETS Early English Text Society |
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EHR |
The English Historical Review |
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Foedera |
Foedera, Conventions, Litterae …, eds. T. Rymer and R. Sanderson, 20 vols. (London, 1704–35) |
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HJ |
The Historical Journal |
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HMC |
Historical Manuscripts Commission |
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LP |
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII, 1509–47, eds. J. S. Brewer et al., 21 vols. and addenda (London, 1862–1932) |
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NA |
National Archives |
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PPC |
Proceedings and Ordinances of the Privy Council of England, 1386–1542, ed. N. H. Nicolas, 7 vols. (London, 1834–37) |
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PPE |
The Privy Purse Expenses of the Princess Mary, ed. F. Madden (London, 1831) |
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Statutes |
Statutes of the Realm, eds. A. Luders et al., 11 vols. (London, 1810–28) |
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St.P. |
State Papers of King Henry the Eighth, 11 vols. (London, 1830–52) |
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TNA SP |
The National Archives, State Papers |
AUTHOR’S NOTE
1. Beatrice White, Mary Tudor (London, 1935), p. vii.
2. A. F. Pollard, The History of England from the Accession of Edward VI to the Death of Elizabeth (1547–1603) (London, 1910; reprinted New York, 1969), p. 172; D. Loades, Mary Tudor: A Life (Oxford, 1989), p. 8.
3. G. R. Elton, Reform and Reformation: England, 1509–1558 (London, 1977), p. 376.
INTRODUCTION: RESURRECTION
1. James also brought the coffin of his mother, Mary, queen of Scots, from Peterborough and placed it next to that of Margaret Beaufort, mother of Henry VII, to emphasize his lineage.
2. Marjorie Chibnall, The Empress Matilda: Queen Consort, Queen Mother and Lady of the English (Oxford, 1991), p. 102.
CHAPTER 1. PRINCESS OF ENGLAND
1. BL, Harley 3504, fols. 232r–233v.
2. AR I, pp. 305–306.
3. “The Sarum Rite,” in E. C. Whitaker, Documents of the Baptismal Liturgy, ed. Maxwell E. Johnson, 3rd ed. (London, 2003), pp. 284–307.
4. BL, Harley 3504, fol. 232.
5. NA, PRO, OBS 1419; CSPS II, 23, p. 24.
6. CSPS, supplement to vols. I and II, p. 34.
7. LP I, i, 394, p. 184.
8. CSPS, supp. to vols. I and II, pp. 34–35, 42–44.
9. Ibid., p. 42.
10. Ibid., p. 43.
11. CSPS II, p. 38.
12. Ibid., p. 38.
13. AR I, pp. 304–305, 333, 336; BL, Harley 3504, fols. 272r–273r.
14. AR I, p. 305.
15. Sebastian Giustiniani, Four Years at the Court of Henry VIII, ed. and trans. R. Brown, 2 vols. (London, 1854), I, p. 181.
16. Ibid., p. 182; “token of hope” is David Loades’s phrase; see Mary Tudor: A Life (Oxford, 1989), p. 9.
CHAPTER 2. A TRUE FRIENDSHIP AND ALLIANCE
1. Giustiniani, Four Years, I, p. 181.
2. E. Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of York and Lancaster [hereafter Hall, Chronicle], ed. H. Ellis (London, 1809), p. 584.
3. A. F. Pollard, The Reign of Henry VII from Contemporary Sources (London, 1913), III, pp. 2–5.
4. James Gairdner, ed., “Journals of Roger Machado,” in Historia Regis Henrici Septimi (London, 1858; 1966 reprint), pp. 170–75.
5. G. Kipling, ed., The Receyt of the Ladie Kateryne (Oxford, 1990), p. 4.
6. CSPS I, 305, p. 262.
7. Kipling, The Receyt of the Ladie Kateryne, pp. 39–51.
8. BL, Egerton 616, fol. 17; trans. in M. A. E. Wood, ed., Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies of Great Britain, 3 vols. (London, 1846), I, pp. 138–40.
9. S. and H. M. Allen, eds., Opus Epistolarum Des. Erasmi Roterodami (Oxford, 1906), I, no. 214.
10. CSPS II, 17, p. 19.
11. LP I, i, 1475, p. 675.
12. LP I, ii, 2299, p. 1027.
13. LP I, ii, 2268, p. 4451; BL, Cotton Vespasian F III, fol. 15, printed in H. Ellis, ed., Original Letters, Illustrative of English History … from Autographs in the British Museum and … Other Collections, 11 vols. (1824–46), 1st series, I, p. 88.
CHAPTER 3. ARE YOU THE DAUPHIN OF FRANCE?
1. AR I, p. 306; PPE, p. xxi.
2. CSPV II, 1287, p. 558.
3. Foedera, XIII, p. 624.
4. Ibid., p. 632; LP II, ii, 4480, p. 1376.
5. Giustiniani, Four Years, II, p. 226.
6. CSPV II, 1085, p. 463.
7. Giustiniani, Four Years, II, p. 226.
8. LP II, ii, 4480, p. 1376.
9. CSPV II, 1088, p. 465.
10. LP II, ii, 4468, p. 1372.
11. Giustiniani, Four Years, II, p. 240; CSPV II, 1103, p. 474.
12. Ibid.
CHAPTER 4. A VERY FINE YOUNG COUSIN INDEED
1. LP III, i, 689, p. 230.
2. LP III, i, 869, pp. 303–306; 870, pp. 307–14; CSPV III, 67, pp. 47–50; 68, pp. 50–55; 69.
3. LP VIII, 263, p. 101.
4. BL, Cotton Caligula D VII, fol. 238v.
5. BL, Cotton Vespasian F XIII, fol. 129; LP III, i, 873.
6. CSPV II, 1298, p. 596.
7. LP III, i, 118, p. 37.
8. LP VIII, 263, p. 101.
9. LP III, i, 896, p. 323.
10. LP III, ii, 2333, pp. 987–91.
11. LP III, ii, 1443, p. 587.
12. LP III, i, 1150, p. 424.
13. CSPS II, 355, pp. 365–71.
14. CSPS, further supplement, p. 74.
15. Ibid., p. 71; D. Starkey, Henry VIII: A European Court in England (London, 1991), p. 91.
16. CSPS, further supplement, p. 74.
17. Hall, Chronicle, p. 635; CSPS II, 423, p. 430.
18. CSPS II, 441, p. 448.
19. R. Withington, English Pageantry: An Historical Outline, 2 vols. (Cambridge, 1918), I, p. 97; Hall, Chronicle, pp. 635–41; LP III, ii, 2233, pp. 987–89; CSPS II, 43, pp. 443–45.
20. LP III, ii, 2322, p. 983; 2333, p. 987; CSPS II, 427, pp. 434–37; 430, pp. 438–40.
21. PPE, p. xxxii.
CHAPTER 5. THE INSTITUTION OF A CHRISTIAN WOMAN
1. BL, Cotton Vespasian C III, fol. 177; LP IV, i, 184, p. 662.
2. J. L. Vives, De Institutione Feminae Christianae, eds. C. Fantazzi and C. Matheeussen, 2 vols. (Leiden, 1996), I, pp. 3, 11.
3. Ibid., p. 51.
4. J. L. Vives, “De Ratione Studii Puerilis, Epístola I,” in Opera Omnia, ed. G. Majamsius, 8 vols. (Valencia, 1782), IV, p. 256. For a translation, see J. L. Vives, “Plan of Studies for Girls,” in Vives and the Renascence Education of Women, ed. F. Watson (London, 1912), pp. 137–50.
5. Watson, ed., Vives and the Renascence Education of Women, p. 147.
6. Printed and translated in J. W. O’Malley and L. A. Perraud, eds., Collected Works of Erasmus: Spiritualia and Pastoralia (London, 1998), p. 214.
7. BL, Royal 17 C XVI, fol. 2. In his “lady’s book of hours” there is a copy of “The Prayer of St Thomas of Aquine,” translated by Mary in 1527, when she was twelve.
8. PPE, p. xxiii.
9. See, e.g., PPE, p. 30.
CHAPTER 6. GREAT SIGNS AND TOKENS OF LOVE
1. CSPS, further supplement, p. 325.
2. LP IV, 600, pp. 266–68.
3. St.P. IV, p. 200; LP IV, i, 767, p. 337.
4. LP IV, i, 882, p. 388; CSPS III, i, 103, pp. 174–79.
5. CSPS III, i, 33, p. 82.
6. CSPS III, i, 60, p. 108.
7. G. Mattingly, Catherine of Aragon (London, 1942), p. 168.
8. BL, Cotton Vespasian C III, fol. 50.
9. Ibid., fol. 162.
10. CSPS III, i, 103, p. 175.
11. St.P. I, p. 160; LP IV, i, 1378, pp. 612–13.
12. LP IV, i, 1379, p. 616; 1380, p. 617.
13. CSPS III, i, pp. 1018–19.
CHAPTER 7. PRINCESS OF WALES
1. LP IV, i, 1484, p. 667.
2. CSPV II, 479, p. 188.
3. CSPV III, 1053, p. 455.
4. Hall, Chronicle, p. 703.
5. See P. Williams, The Council in the Marches of Wales under Elizabeth I (Cardiff, 1958), pp. 3–43, and F. Heyburn, “Arthur, Prince of Wales and His Training for Kingship,” Historian 55 (1997), pp. 4–9.
6. BL, Cotton Vespasian F XIII, fol. 72, printed in Ellis, Original Letters, 1st series, II, pp. 19–20.
7. LP IV, i, 1691, pp. 752–53; 1577, pp. 707–11.
8. BL, Harley 6807, fols. 3r–6r (noted as John Fetherstone).
9. BL, Cotton Vitellius C I, fol. 8v.
10. BL, Cotton Vespasian F XIII, fol. 72, printed in Ellis, Original Letters, 1st series, II, pp. 19–20.
11. BL, Cotton Vitellius C I, fol. 9r.
12. BL, Cotton Vespasian F XIII, fol. 240r.
13. G. Duwes, An Introductory for to Learn to Read, to Pronounce, and to Speak French (1532?), ed. R. C. Alston, facsimile (Menston, 1972), sig. B62.
CHAPTER 8. PEARL OF THE WORLD
1. LP IV, i, 2079, p. 934.
2. CSPV III, 902, p. 395.
3. BL, Cotton Caligula D IX, fol. 272.
4. CSPV III, 1406, p. 607.
5. BL, Cotton Caligula D IX, fol. 272.
6. LP IV, ii, 2840, pp. 1, 271.
7. LP IV, ii, 3105, p. 1412.
8. CSPV IV, i, 105, p. 58.
9. LP IV, ii, 2981, p. 1337; PPE, p. xlviii.
10. The commission for this treaty is in Foedera, XIV, p. 195, dated April 23, 1527.
11. CSPV IV, i, 107, p. 61.
12. J. Lingard, The History of England …, 10 vols. (London, 1854), IV, p. 237, 113.
CHAPTER 9. THIS SHEER CALAMITY
1. G. Cavendish, The Life and Death of Cardinal Wolsey by George Cavendish, ed. R. S. Sylvester (London, 1959), p. 83; LP IV, 4942, p. 2145.
2. G. Ascoli, La Grande-Bretagne devant l’Opinion Française depuis le Guerre de Cents Ans jusqu’à la Fin du XVIe Siècle (Paris, 1927), p. 234.
3. H. Savage, ed., The Love Letters of Henry VIII (London, 1949), pp. 32–34.
4. CSPS III, ii, pp. 193–94.
5. LP IV, ii, 3140, p. 1429.
6. Ibid.
7. LP IV, ii, 3147.
8. CSPS III, ii, 113, p. 276.
9. St.P. I pp. 194–95.
10. Ibid.
11. CSPS III, ii, 131, p. 301.
12. Ibid.
13. Wood, ed., Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, II, pp. 201–203.
14. CSPS III, ii, p. 443.
15. LP IV, 4736, p. 2055.
16. LP IV, ii, 4875, p. 2109.
17. Ibid.
18. Wood, ed., Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, II, pp. 32–33; T. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum (London, 1716), pp. 122–23.
19. LP IV, ii, 5016, p. 2177.
20. CSPS III, ii, 600, p. 861.
21. Cavendish, Wolsey, pp. 78–91.
22. LP IV, iii, 5694, p. 2 520; CSPV IV, 482, pp. 219–20.
23. LP IV, iii, 5702, p. 2526; CSPV IV, 482, pp. 219–20.
24. LP IV, iii, 5702, p. 2526.
25. Ibid.; CSPV IV, i, 482, p. 259.
26. LP IV, iii, 5791, p. 2589.
CHAPTER 10. THE KING’S GREAT MATTER
1. CSPS IV, i, 83, p. 133.
2. G. Burnet, The History of the Reformation, ed. N. Pocock, 7 vols. (Oxford, 1865), IV, p. 35.
3. CSPS IV, i, 132, pp. 189–90.
4. LP IV, iii, 6667, p. 3004.
5. Hall, Chronicle, p. 780.
6. P. Friedmann, Anne Boleyn: A Chapter of English History, 1627–1536, 2 vols. (London, 1884), I, p. 130.
7. CSPS IV, ii, 584, p. 3.
8. CSPS IV, ii, 681, p. 112.
9. CSPS IV, i, 373, p. 633.
10. CSPS IV, ii, 1003, p. 527.
11. LP V, 308, p. 145; CSPS, IV, ii, 753, p. 199.
12. LP V, 216, p. 101.
13. LP V, 308, p. 145.
14. LP V, 238, pp. 110–111.
15. LP V, 238, p. 110.
16. CSPS IV, ii, 739, pp. 171–76.
17. CSPS IV, ii, 765, p. 212.
18. CSPS IV, ii, 775, p. 222.
19. Ibid., pp. 223–24.
20. LP V, 375; CSPS IV, ii, 778, p. 228.
21. CSPS IV, ii, 778, p. 228.
22. LP V, 187, p. 89.
23. LP V, 216, p. 100.
24. CSPV IV, i, 82, pp. 287–88.
CHAPTER 11. THE SCANDAL OF CHRISTENDOM
1. LP V, 696, pp. 335–36.
2. LP V, 1377, p. 591.
3. LP V, 1117, p. 501.
4. Hall, Chronicle, XXX, pp. 790–94.
5. LP V, 1484, pp. 623–24; 1485, pp. 624–26.
6. LP VI, 230, pp. 103–04; 614, pp. 282–83.
7. CSPS IV, ii, pp. 510–11.
8. CSPS IV, ii, pp. 597–559.
9. Ellis, ed., Original Letters, 3rd series, II, p. 276.
10. 24 Hen. VIII c.12; Statutes, III, pp. 427–29.
11. LP VI, 584, pp. 264–66; CSPV IV, 912, pp. 418–19.
12. CSPS IV, ii, 1073, p. 678.
13. LP VI, 759, p. 339; 760, p. 340.
14. CSPS IV, ii, 1062, pp. 646–67.
15. Ibid.
16. LP VI, 351, p. 168.
17. LP V, 513, p. 239.
18. LP V, 478, pp. 226–27.
19. LP VI, 720, p. 150.
20. CSPS IV, ii, 1058, p. 630.
21. CSPS IV, ii, p. 649.
22. LP VI, 568, pp. 252–54.
CHAPTER 12. THE LADY MARY
1. LP VI, 1112, p. 465.
2. LP VI, 1111, p. 464; Hall, Chronicle, pp. 805–806.
3. CSPS IV, ii, 1127, p. 795; LP VI, 1139.
4. BL, Harley 416, fol. 22; LP VI, 1207, p. 500.
5. TNA SP 1/79, pp. 121–22; LP VI, 1186, pp. 491–92.
6. LP VI, 1249, p. 510.
7. LP VI, 1528, p. 617.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid., pp. 617–18.
10. CSPS IV, ii, 1161, p. 882.
11. TNA SP E 101/421/14; LP VII, 372.
12. LP VI, 1392.
13. CSPS IV, ii, 1144, p. 839; J. Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes … (London, 1583), book 9, p. 1396.
14. LP VI, 1558, p. 629.
15. Ibid.
16. LP VII, 14, p. 8.
17. LP VII, 171, p. 69; 530, p. 214.
18. LP VII, 214, p. 84.
19. LP X, 1134, p. 476.
CHAPTER 13. SPANISH BLOOD
1. BL, Arundel 151, fol. 195; LP VI, 1126.
2. LP VII, 83, p. 33.
3. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 176 (much burned), printed in A. Crawford, ed., Letters of the Queens of England 1100–1547 (Stroud, 1994), pp. 178–79.
4. LP VII, 162, p. 66.
5. LP VII, 232, p. 94.
6. LP VII, 83, p. 32.
7. LP VII, 171, p. 68.
8. LP VII, 83, p. 32.
9. LP VII, 296, p. 127; H. Clifford, The Life of Jane Dormer, Duchess of Feria, ed. J. Stevenson (London, 1887), pp. 81–82.
10. LP VII, 871, p. 323.
CHAPTER 14. HIGH TRAITORS
1. H. A. Kelly, The Matrimonial Trials of Henry VIII (Stanford, Calif., 1976), p. 169.
2. 25 Hen. VIII c. 21, 22; Statutes, III, pp. 471–74.
3. LS Her. VIII c. 12; Statutes, III, p. 450; J. A. Froude, History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada, 12 vols. (London, 1856) 11, p. 171.
4. A. Neame, The Holy Maid of Kent: The Life of Elizabeth Barton, 1506–1534 (London, 1971) p. 338.
5. M. St. C. Byrne, ed., The Lisle Letters, 6 vols. (Chicago and London, 1981), II, p. 130.
6. Neame, Holy Maid of Kent, p. 338.
7. BL, Cotton Titus B I, fol. 415.
8. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 169v.
9. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 202.
10. LP VII, 662, p. 254.
11. Ibid.
12. BL, Cotton Nero B VI, fol. 89r.
13. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 254 (damaged by fire); LP VII, 1036, pp. 403–405.
14. LP VII, 1036, pp. 403–405.
15. LP VII, 214, p. 84.
16. LP VII, 530, p. 214.
CHAPTER 15. WORSE THAN A LION
1. LP VIII, 189, p. 71.
2. LP VII, 1193, p. 463.
3. LP VIII, 200; CSPS V, i, p. 134.
4. LP VIII, 263, p. 101.
5. LP VIII, 429, p. 167.
6. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 176 (much burned), printed in Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 107–108.
7. LP VIII, 429, p. 167.
8. Ibid., p. 165.
9. LP VIII, 948, p. 370.
10. LP VIII, 1, p. 2.
11. 27 Hen. VIII c. 13, Statutes, III, p. 508.
12. Quote from eyewitness William Rastell in N. Harpsfield, The Life and Death of Sir Thomas More …, ed. R. W. Chambers and E. V. Hitchcock (London, 1932), App. I, p. 245.
13. C. Wriothesley, A Chronicle … by Charles Wriothesley, Windsor Herald, ed. W. D. Hamilton, 2 vols. (London, 1875–77) [hereafter Wriothesley’s Chronicle], I, p. 29.
14. LP VIII, 726, p. 272.
15. LP VIII, 1105, p. 432.
16. CSPS V, i, 148, p. 435; 210, p. 548.
17. CSPS V, i, 218, pp. 559–60.
18. LP VIII, 666, p. 253.
19. LP VIII, 556, p. 210.
20. LP IX, 776.
21. LP IX, 873, p. 293.
22. LP IX, 862, p. 290.
CHAPTER 16. SUSPICION OF POISON
1. Crawford, Letters of the Queens of England, pp. 179–80.
2. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 107–108.
3. LP X, 59, pp. 20–21.
4. Ibid., p. 21.
5. Ibid.
6. LP X, 141, pp. 49–50.
7. St.P. I, p. 452; LP X, 37, p. 14; 41, p. 16; 141, p. 51.
8. LP XI, p. 51.
9. LP X, 59, p. 22.
10. LP X, 141, pp. 51–52.
11. Ibid., p. 51.
12. LP X, 54, p. 19.
13. LP X, 141, pp. 47–48.
14. LP X, 373, p. 148.
15. LP X, 141, p. 52.
16. CSPV II, 16, p. 33.
17. LP X, 59, p. 22.
18. LP X, 199, p. 69.
19. LP XI, 141, p. 48; 199, p. 69.
20. LP X, 307, pp. 117–18.
21. LP X, 307, p. 117.
22. LP X, 307, p. 116.
23. CSPS V, ii, pp. 12–13; LP X, 199, p. 69.
24. LP X, 307, pp. 116–17.
CHAPTER 17. THE RUIN OF THE CONCUBINE
1. LP X, 284, pp. 104–106.
2. LP X, 39, pp. 14–15.
3. LP X, 282, pp. 102–103.
4. LP X, 199, p. 70.
5. LP X, 282, p. 103.
6. LP X, 199, p. 70; LP X, 351, p. 134.
7. LP X, 282, p. 103.
8. LP VII, 1257, p. 485.
9. LP X, 752, p. 315.
10. LP X, 601, p. 245; CSPS V, ii, p. 84.
11. LP X, 601, p. 245.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid., p. 243
14. T. Amyot, “Transcript of an Original Manuscript, Containing a Memorial from George Constantyne to Thomas Lord Cromwell,” Archaeologia 23 (1831), p. 64.
15. LP X, 908, p. 377.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid., p. 378.
18. Ibid.; Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 38.
19. LP X, 911, p. 382.
20. L. Wiesener, La Jeunesse d’Elisabeth d’Angleterre (Paris, 1878), p. 7.
21. CSPS V, ii, p. 574.
22. LP X, 908, p. 377.
23. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 43.
24. LP X, 901, p. 373.
25. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, pp. 43–44.
26. LP X, 908, p. 377.
27. St.P. VII, p. 684; LP X, 726, p. 306.
28. LP X, 699, pp. 287–95.
29. LP X, 726, pp. 306–308.
CHAPTER 18. MOST HUMBLE AND OBEDIENT DAUGHTER
1. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 140. Only a fragment of this letter survives after the Cotton Library fire of 1731. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 283r; LP X, p. 968.
2. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 267v; Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 147.
3. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 146; BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 268r (badly burned).
4. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 287r for June 8; Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 149.
5. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 269v; Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 125–26.
6. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 124–25; BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 269v (badly burned).
7. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 263b, printed in Wood, Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, II, pp. 250–52.
8. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 127.
9. LP XI, 7, pp. 7–8.
10. CSPS V, ii, 70, p. 184.
11. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 137–38.
12. CSPS V, ii, 70, pp. 183–84.
13. Ibid.
14. LP X 1134, pp. 475–76.
15. CSPS VI, i, 43, pp. 81–85; 47, p. 106.
16. R. Morice, “Anecdotes and Character of Archbishop Cranmer,” in J. G. Nichols ed., Narratives of the Days of the Reformation, Chiefly from the Manuscripts of John Foxe the Martyrologist, 67, CS 77 (London, 1859), p. 259.
17. LP X, 1137; Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 142–43.
18. CSPS V, ii, p. 183; Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 142; LP X, 1137, p. 478.
CHAPTER 19. INCREDIBLE REJOICING
1. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 128–29; Wood, Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, II, pp. 258–59.
2. LP XI, 7, pp. 7–8.
3. Ibid.
4. CSPV V, ii, 71, p. 195; LP XI, 40, p. 24.
5. CSPS V, ii, 71, p. 195.
6. CSPS V, ii, p. 199.
7. LP XI, 576, p. 229; 597, pp. 241–42.
8. CSPS V, ii, 85, p. 220.
9. LP XI, 148, p. 65.
10. LP XI, 7, p. 8; CSPS V, ii, 94, pp. 237–38.
11. LP XI, 7, p. 8.
12. LP X, 219, p. 96.
13. 28 Hen. VIII, c. 7, Statutes, III, pp. 655–62; LP XI, 40, p. 24.
14. LP XI, 221, p. 97.
15. CSPS V, ii, 94, p. 238.
16. LP XI, 1246, p. 507.
17. LP XII, i, 901, p. 406.
18. LP X, 1353; LP XII, i, pp. 367, 368, 779.
19. Reginaldi Poli ad Henricum Octavum Britanniae regem, pro ecclesiasticae unitas defensione (Strasbourg, 1555), fol. lxxxxiv, cited in T. Mayer, Reginald Pole, Prince and Prophet (Cambridge, 2000), p. 21.
20. LP XII, i, 1032, p. 471.
21. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, pp. 59–60.
22. Byrne, Lisle Letters, III, pp. 576–77.
23. BL, Cotton Titus B, fol. 481; see also LP XII, 815, p. 361.
CHAPTER 20. DELIVERANCE OF A GOODLY PRINCE
1. BL, Cotton Nero C X, fol. 1; J. G. Nichols, The Literary Remains of King Edward VI, 2 vols. (London, 1857), p. xxiii; Crawford, Letters of the Queens of England, p. 199.
2. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 66; BL, Add 6113, fol. 81.
3. LP XII, ii, 890, p. 310.
4. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 64.
5. Simon Thurley, “Henry VIII and the Building of Hampton Court: A Reconstruction of the Tudor Palace,” Architectural History, 1988, pp. 29–37.
6. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 66.
7. LPX II, ii, 911, p. 318.
8. LP XII, ii, 923, p. 325.
9. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 68; LP XII, ii, 911, pp. 318–20.
10. LP XII, ii, 970, p. 339.
11. Hall, Chronicle, p. 825.
12. LP XII, ii, 972, p. 339.
13. LP XII, ii, 1060, pp. 372–74.
14. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 8, p. 1087.
15. BL, Cotton Titus B I, fol. 121; LP XII, ii, p. 1075.
16. LP XIII, i, 1011, p. 373.
17. PPE, pp. 61, 67, 69.
18. Clifford, Life of Jane Dormer, pp. 61–62.
19. Byrne, Lisle Letters, V, p. 305.
CHAPTER 21. THE MOST UNHAPPY LADY IN CHRISTENDOM
1. LP XII, ii, 1004, pp. 348–49.
2. LP XIII, ii, 77, pp. 28–29.
3. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, p. 141.
4. Ibid., p. 139; LP XIII, i, 1082, pp. 395–96.
5. CSPS VI, i, pp. 25–26.
6. Ibid., p. 26.
7. LP XII, i, 1141, p. 526.
8. LP XIV, i, 980, pp. 451–52.
9. TNA SP C 65/147, m. 22.
10. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, p. 92.
11. LP XIV, i, 372, p. 143.
12. LP XIII, ii, 1148, p. 477; LP XIV, 377, p. 143; LP XV, 134, pp. 42–43.
13. LP XIII, 1148, p. 477.
14. CSPS V, ii, 61, p. 151.
15. LP XIV, i, 103, p. 41.
16. Ibid.
17. Hearne, Sylloge Epistolarum, pp. 149–51.
18. LP XIV, ii, 744, p. 275.
19. LP XIV, ii, 733, pp. 269–71.
20. LP XIV, ii, 52, p. 15.
21. LP XIV, i, 603, pp. 235–38.
22. LP XVI, 117, p. 59; 160, pp. 73–74; 175, pp. 80–81; 270, p. 115.
23. LP XVI, 270, p. 115.
24. LP XVII, 182, p. 83.
25. LP XVII, 371, p. 221.
CHAPTER 22. FOR FEAR OF MAKING A RUFFLE IN THE WORLD
1. LP XIV, ii, 754, p. 283.
2. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, pp. 109–110.
3. Burnet, History of the Reformation, IV, pp. 425–26; LP XV, 823, p. 389.
4. LP XV, 823, p. 391; Burnet, History of the Reformation, IV, pp. 425–26; J. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials; Relating Chiefly to Religion, and the Reformation of It, and the Emergencies of the Church of England, under King Henry VIII, King Edward VI, and Queen Mary the First …, 3 vols. (London, 1721), I, p. 360.
5. Burnet, History of the Reformation, IV, p. 426; LP XV, 823, p. 389.
6. LP XV, 823, p. 391; Burnet, History of the Reformation, IV, pp. 425–26.
7. Burnet, History of the Reformation, IV, p. 427.
8. Ibid., p. 430.
9. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, I, p. 360.
10. LP XVI, XII, pp. 4–5; J. Kaulek, ed., Correspondance Politique de MM. de Castillon et de Marillac (Paris, 1885), p. 218.
11. LP XV, 766, p. 363; Kaulek, ed., Correspondance Politique, pp. 189–90.
12. LP XV, 804, p. 377.
13. LP XV, 823, pp. 389–91.
14. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 242; LP XV, 824, pp. 391–94.
15. Hall, Chronicle, p. 839.
16. LP XV, 908, pp. 450–51; 930, pp. 454–60.
17. LP XV, 908, pp. 450–51; 925, pp. 456–58; 930; pp. 456–60.
18. See Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 8, p. 1199.
19. Ibid., p. 1201.
CHAPTER 23. MORE A FRIEND THAN A STEPMOTHER
1. LPXVI, 578, pp. 269–73; Wriothesley’s Chronicle, I, pp. 121–22.
2. LP XVI, 223, p. 100.
3. LP XVI, 449, p. 222; CSPS VI, i, 149, pp. 305–306.
4. LP XVI, 314, p. 149.
5. CSPS VI, i, 161, p. 324; LP XVI, 835, p. 401.
6. CSPS VI, i, 166, pp. 331–32; LP XVI, 897, p. 436.
7. BL, Cotton Otho C X, fol. 250, printed in N. H. Nicolas, ed., PPC, p. 352.
8. HMC, Bath Papers, 5 vols. (London, 1904–1980), II, pp. 8–9.
9. LP XVII, 124, p. 50.
10. CSPS VI, i, 232, p. 472; LP XVII, 124, p. 50.
11. CSPS VI, i, 211, pp. 410—11; LP XVI, 1403, p. 653.
12. LP XVII, App. B, no. 13, p. 723.
13. CSPS VI, ii, pp. 223–24.
14. LP XVII, 251, pp. 124, 140.
15. LP XVII, 260, p. 140.
16. LP XVII, 1212, p. 669.
17. CSPS VI, ii, 87, p. 190; 94, p. 223.
18. LP XVIII, i, 894, p. 490.
19. LP XVIII, i, 873, p. 483.
20. LP XIX, i, 118, p. 64; 296, p. 189.
21. Wood, Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, III, pp. 181–82.
22. Nicholas Udall, ed., The First Tome or Volume of the Paraphrases of Erasmus upon the Newe Testamente (London, 1548), vol. III, fol. ii.
23. F. Madden, ed., “Narrative of the Visit of the Duke of Najera to England in the Year 1543–4; Written by his Secretary, Pedro de Gente,” Archaeologia 23 (1831), p. 353; LP XIX, i, pp. 7, 9.
24. J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps, ed., Letters of the Kings of England, Now First Collected from the Originals, 2 vols. (London, 1846), II, pp. 8–9.
25. BL, Harley 5087, no. 6, trans. Halliwell-Phillipps, Letters of the Kings of England, II, pp. 7–8.
CHAPTER 24. THE FAMILY OF HENRY VIII
1. 35 Hen. VIII c. 1; Statutes, III, p. 955.
2. 28 Hen. VIII c. 7; Statutes, III, pp. 655–62.
3. 35 Hen.VIII c. 1; Statutes, III, pp. 955–58.
4. LP XIX, i, 780, p. 477.
5. LP XVII, 124, p. 50.
6. LP XVIII, i, 804, pp. 454–55.
7. LP XIX, ii, 424, pp. 238–42.
8. TNA SP 1/190, fol. 156, printed in Crawford, ed., Letters of the Queens of England, pp. 216–17.
9. LP XIX, ii, 35, p. 16.
10. LP XX, i, 1263, p. 627.
11. LP XX, ii, 89, p. 43.
12. LP XX, ii, 788, pp. 376–77.
13. LP XX, ii, 639, p. 295.
14. CSPS XIII, 51, p. 109.
15. LP XXI, i, 1215, pp. 603, 1309.
CHAPTER 25. DEPARTED THIS LIFE
1. CSPS VIII, 204, p. 318.
2. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 8, p. 1242.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid., p. 1243.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. LP XXI, i, 605, p. 307.
8. LP XXI, ii, 769, p. 403.
9. LP XXI, ii, 555, pp. 283–89.
10. Lord Herbert of Cherbury, The Life and Raigne of King Henry the Eighth (London, 1649), p. 567.
11. TNA SP E 23/4/1, fol. iv.
12. LP XXI, ii, p. 360.
13. See Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 8, p. 1290.
14. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, II, pp. 10—11; part ii, pp. 3–4.
15. CSPS IX, p. 6.
16. CSPS IX, p. 101.
17. BL, Add 71009, fol. 45r.
18. W. K. Jordan, ed., The Chronicle and Political Papers of King Edward VI (London, 1966), p. 4.
CHAPTER 26. THE KING IS DEAD, LONG LIVE THE KING
1. P. L. Hughes and J. F. Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, 3 vols. (New Haven and London, 1964–1969), I, p. 381.
2. Society of Antiquaries, MS 123, fol. 1r.
3. APC II, pp. 7–8; College of Arms, MS I 7, fol. 29; Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. lxxxvii.
4. APC II, pp. 7–8; College of Arms, MS I 7, fol. 29, printed in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. lxxxvii.
5. BL, Harley 5087, no. 35, printed in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, pp. 39–40.
6. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, II, ii, p. 9.
7. Martin A. Hume, ed., Chronicle of King Henry VIII of England … Written in Spanish by an Unknown Hand(London, 1889), p. 154.
8. A. Strickland, Lives of the Queens of England, 6 vols. (London, 1854), II, p. 443.
9. Strype transcribes a manuscript account of Henry VIII’s funeral ceremonies in his Ecclesiastical Memorials, II, ii, pp. 3–18. Also see J. Loach, “The Function of Ceremonial in the Reign of Henry VIII,” Past and Present 142 (1994), pp. 56–66.
10. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 5.
11. College of Arms, MS I 7, in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. cclxxx.
12. CSPS IX, p. 47.
13. R. Holinshed, The Firste (—Laste) Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotland and Irelande (London, 1577), p. 614.
14. College of Arms, MS I 7, fol. 32, in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. ccxci.
15. Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. ccxc.
16. CSPS IX, p. 47.
17. College of Arms, MS I 7, fol. 32, in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. ccxci.
18. For the text of the Liber Regalis, see L. G. Wickham Legg, English Coronation Records (London, 1901), pp. 81–130.
19. Wickham Legg, English Coronation Records, p. 230.
20. J. E. Cox, ed., Miscellaneous Writings and Letters of Thomas Cranmer (London, 1846), pp. 126–27.
21. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, I, no. 275, p. 381.
22. Cox, Writings of Thomas Cranmer, II, p. 1267.
23. College of Arms, account in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. ccxcv.
24. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 5.
CHAPTER 27. FANTASY AND NEW FANGLENESS
1. CSPS IX, p. 38.
2. Ibid., p. 15.
3. Ibid., p. 495.
4. CPR Edward VI, II, pp. 20–23.
5. Bodleian Library, Tanner MS 90, fols. 157–168.
6. BL, Lansdowne 1236, fol. 26, in Ellis, Original Letters, 1st series, II, pp. 149–50.
7. Chapuys, dispatch to Antoine Perrenot, the emperor’s minister, May 18, 1536. Referring to Jane Seymour, he wrote, “She is the sister of a certain Edward Seymour, who had been in the service of his Majesty [Charles V].” LP X, 901, p. 374. Edward Seymour had entered the emperor’s service in early 1521 on the recommendation of Henry and Wolsey; see LP III, i, 1201, p. 452.
8. P. E. Tytler, ed., England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, I, pp. 51–52, 60–61.
9. BL, Cotton Otho C X, printed in Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, II, pp. 58–59.
10. See E. Cardwell, Documentary Annals of the Reformed Church of England, etc., 2 vols. (Oxford, 1844), I, pp. 4–31.
11. CSPS IX, p. 101.
12. Ibid., p. 298.
13. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, II, pp. 59–60.
14. Ibid.
15. E. Rhys, ed., The First and Second Prayer Books of Edward VI (1910), p. 225.
16. CSPS IX, p. 351.
17. Ibid., pp. 360–61.
18. Ibid., p. 330.
19. Ibid., pp. 374–75.
20. Ibid., pp. 385–86.
21. Ibid., pp. 381–82.
22. Ibid.
CHAPTER 28. ADVICE TO BE CONFORMABLE
1. APC II, pp. 291–92.
2. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, p. 1332.
3. Ibid., p. 1333.
4. This remembrance was undoubtedly drawn up as a very definite response to Mary’s letter of defiance dated June 22. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, pp. 1332–33.
5. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, pp. 1332–33.
6. CSPS IX, pp. 406–407.
7. Ibid., pp. 360–61.
8. Ibid., p. 394.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid., p. 419.
11. John Hooker, The Description of the Citie of Excester (Devon and Cornwall Record Society, 1919), p. 61.
12. The articles are printed in A. J. Fletcher and D. MacCulloch, eds., Tudor Rebellions (Harlow, 2004), pp. 139–41.
13. TNA SP 10/8/30 (CSPD Edw VI, 327, p. 126).
14. “De Mario vel Marianis me valde ang it, immo prope exanimat,” in Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, I, p. 188.
15. Burnet, History of the Reformation, VI, pp. 283–84.
16. CSPS IX, p. 407.
17. Ibid., pp. 406–408.
18. TNA SP 10/8 no. 51 (CSPD Edw VI, 348, pp. 132–33), printed in Wood, Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, III, pp. 213–14.
CHAPTER 29. THE MOST UNSTABLE MAN IN ENGLAND
1. CSPS IX, p. 453.
2. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, I, 351, p. 483.
3. R. Grafton, A Chronicle at Large and Meere History of the Affayres of Englande …, II, p. 522.
4. CSPS IX, p. 449.
5. CSPS X, pp. 5–6.
6. CSPS IX, p. 446.
7. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, I, p. 352.
8. CSPS X, p. 6.
9. Ibid., pp. 5–6.
10. TNA SP 10/9 no. 57 (CSPD Edw VI, 428, p. 158).
11. CSPS X, p. 5.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid., pp. 56–57.
14. CSPS IX, p. 489.
CHAPTER 30. WHAT SAY YOU, MR AMBASSADOR?
1. CSPS X, p. 82.
2. Ibid., pp. 127–28.
3. CSPS IX, p. 450.
4. Ibid., pp. 449–51.
5. CSPS X, p. 117.
6. Ibid., pp. 94–96.
7. Ibid., pp. 124–35.
CHAPTER 31. AN UNNATURAL EXAMPLE
1. See CSPS X, p. 140.
2. Tytler, England under the reigns of Edward VI and Mary, I, p. 347.
3. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, pp. 1335–37.
4. CSPS X, pp. 172–73.
5. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, p. 1583.
6. CSPS X, pp. 205–209.
7. CSPS X, pp. 209–12; Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, pp. 1333–34.
8. CSPS X, pp. 212–13; Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, p. 1334.
9. CSPS X, p. 219.
10. APC III, p. 215.
CHAPTER 32. NAUGHTY OPINION
1. J. G. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn, Citizen and Merchant Taylor of London …,” (London, 1848), p. 5.
2. CSPS X, p. 264.
3. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 55.
4. CSPS X, pp. 258–60.
5. APC III, p. 239.
6. J. G. Nichols, ed., “Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London,” CS, old series, 53 (London, 1852), p. 69; APC III, p. 239.
7. APC III, p. 239.
8. Ibid., p. 267.
9. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 9, p. 1337.
10. Ibid.; see also Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 67.
11. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 56.
12. CSPFEdward VI, p. 75.
13. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 56; BL, Harley 353, fols. 130–136v, printed in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, pp. ccxxiv–ccxxxiv.
14. CSPF Edward VI, 393, pp. 137–38; CSPS X, pp. 310–17.
CHAPTER 33. MATTERS TOUCHING MY SOUL
1. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 76.
2. Ibid., p. 333.
3. Ibid., pp. 338–39.
4. Ibid., pp. 333–34, 336–41.
5. Ibid., p. 343.
6. Ibid., p. 349.
7. Ibid., p. 348.
8. Jordan, ed., Chronicle of Edward VI, p. 78.
9. T. D. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vita Mariae Angliae Reginae of Robert Wingfield of Brantham,” Camden Miscellany 28; CS, 4th series, 29 (London, 1984), p. 247.
10. CSPV X, p. 391.
11. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 20.
CHAPTER 34. MY DEVICE FOR THE SUCCESSION
1. 5 Edw. VI c.1; Statutes, IV, I, pp. 130–31.
2. CSPS XI, pp. 8–9.
3. Inner Temple Library, Petyt MS 538, vol. 46, fol. 9, printed in Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, I, p. cxc.
4. Cited in S. T. Bindoff, “A Kingdom at Stake, 1553,” History Today 3 (1953), p. 647.
5. CSPS XI, p. 46.
6. Nichols, ed., Literary Remains, pp. 571–72.
7. Inner Temple Library, Petyt MS 538, vol. 47, fol. 317.
8. CSPS XI, p. 57.
9. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vita Mariae,” pp. 247–48.
10. BL, Royal 18 C XXIV, fol. 373v.
11. CSPS XI, p. 70.
12. A. Vertot, Ambassades de Messieurs de Noailles en Angleterre, 5 vols. (Leyden, 1763), II, pp. 35–38.
13. CSPS XI, p. 65.
14. Vertot, Ambassades, II, pp. 50–53.
15. E. Lodge, ed., Illustrations of British History, Biography, and Manners, in the Reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth and James I, Exhibited in a Series of Original Papers …,” 3 vols. (London, 1838 ed.), I, pp. 226–27.
16. J. Burtt, ed., “Letters Illustrating the Reign of Queen Jane,” The Archeological Journal, XXX (1873), p. 276.
CHAPTER 35. FRIENDS IN THE BRIARS
1. J. G. Nichols, ed., “The Chronicle of Queen Jane and Two Years of Queen Mary,” (hereafter CQJQM), (London, 1850), p. 3.
2. CSPS XI, p. 80.
3. See A. Plowden, Lady Jane Grey: Nine Days Queen (Stroud, 2003), p. 84.
4. “Epistle of Poor Pratte to Gilbert Potter,” in CQJQM, pp. 115–21.
5. CSPS XI, pp. 76, 79.
6. Ibid., p. 73.
7. CSPS XI, p. 74.
8. CSPS XI, pp. 73–74.
9. Suffolk Record Office, Eye Borough Records, Ipswich MS EE 2/E/3, fol. 26v; Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, p. 1406.
10. Suffolk Record Office, Eye Borough Records, Ipswich MS EE 2/E/3, fol. 27r; Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, pp. 1406–07.
11. BL, Lansdowne 3, fols. 48v—49.
12. CQJQM, p. 5.
13. Ibid., pp. 6–7.
14. CSPS XI, p. 88.
15. CQJQM, p. 8.
16. F. Madden, ed., “The Petition of Richard Troughton,” Archaeologia 23 (1831), p. 25.
CHAPTER 36. TRUE OWNER OF THE CROWN
1. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” p. 252.
2. CSPS XI, pp. 106–107.
3. Ibid., p. 79.
4. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, p. 3.
5. Oxburgh Hall, Bedingfeld Papers.
6. C. V. Malfatti, ed. and trans., The Accession, Coronation and Marriage of Mary Tudor as Related in Four Manuscripts of the Escorial (Barcelona, 1956), pp. 14–15.
7. APC IV, p. 296.
8. Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, pp. 16–17.
9. Ibid.
10. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, p. 3.
11. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, pp. 88–89.
12. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 37; Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 20.
13. CSPS XI, p. 115.
14. Ibid., p. 108.
15. J. Stow, The Annales of England (London, 1592), p. 1035; Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, pp. 88–90; CQJQM, pp. 9–12; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 37.
CHAPTER 37. MARYE THE QUENE
1. CSPS XI, pp. 259–60.
2. CSPV V, 934, p. 532.
3. Ibid., 934, p. 533.
4. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” p. 252.
5. BL, Add 5841, fol. 272.
6. J. Loach, Parliament and the Crown in the Reign of Mary I (Oxford, 1986), p. 1.
7. CSPS XI, pp. 109–110.
8. Vertot, Ambassades, II, pp. 82–100.
9. Aff. Etr. IX, fols. 50, 53, quoted in E. H. Harbison, Rival Ambassadors at the Court of Mary I (Princeton, 1940), p. 54.
10. Aff. Etr. IX, fol. 53, quoted in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 54.
11. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” p. 269.
12. Ibid.
13. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, pp. 91–92.
14. Ibid., p. 92.
15. Ibid., p. 93.
16. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” p. 271.
CHAPTER 38. THE JOY OF THE PEOPLE
1. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 93.
2. CSPS XI, p. 151.
3. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, pp. 92–95; MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” pp. 275–76.
4. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 94.
5. CSPS XI, p. 151; Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 94.
6. CSPS XI, pp. 134, 209.
7. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 95.
8. CSPS XI, p. 151.
9. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 95.
10. CSPS XI, p. 215.
11. Ibid., p. 172.
12. Ibid., p. 180.
13. Ibid., p. 252.
14. Ibid., p. 130.
15. Ibid., pp. 130–31.
16. Ibid., p. 293.
17. Ibid., p. 132.
18. Ibid., p. 153.
CHAPTER 39. CLEMENCY AND MODERATION
1. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 38.
2. R. Garnett, ed. and trans., The Accession of Queen Mary: Being the Contemporary Narrative of Antonio de Guaras a Spanish Merchant Resident in London (London, 1892), p. 99.
3. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, pp. 90–91; Garnett, ed., The Accession of Queen Mary … de Guaras, p. 99.
4. CQJQM, pp. 18–19; Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, pp. 230–33; BL, Harley 284, fol. 127.
5. CSPS X, i, 184, p. 210.
6. CSPS XI, p. 168.
7. Ibid., p. 113.
8. Ibid., p. 168.
9. Ibid., p. 215.
10. Ibid., p. 131.
11. Ibid., p. 134.
12. Ibid., pp. 156–57, 210; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 39–40.
13. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 102.
14. CSPS XI, pp. 169–70; Nichols, ed., “Chronicle of the Grey Friars,” p. 83.
15. CSPS XI, pp. 173–74.
16. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, p. 5.
17. CSPV V, 813, pp. 429–30.
18. CSPV V, 836, p. 447.
19. CSPS XI, pp. 169–70.
20. Ibid., p. 169.
21. Ibid., pp. 195–96.
22. Ibid., pp. 220–21.
23. Ibid., p. 221.
24. Ibid., p. 240.
25. Ibid., pp. 252–53.
26. Ibid., pp. 393–95.
27. Ibid., p. 395.
28. See ibid., p. 440.
CHAPTER 40. OLD CUSTOMS
1. CSPS XI, p. 214.
2. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, 393, p. 11.
3. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 34; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 43.
4. CQJQM, p. 31.
5. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 34.
6. CSPS XI, p. 238.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid., pp. 238–39.
9. CSPV V (15), p. 430. Mary stopped using the title “Supreme Head” at the end of 1553, but the break with Rome was not officially reversed and England absolved until the third Parliament in November 1554.
10. CSPS XI, p. 220.
11. J. R. Planché, Regal Records; or, A Chronicle of the Coronations of the Queens Regnant of England (London, 1838), p. 3.
12. College of Arms, MS I 18, fol. 117.
13. CSPSXI, p. 262; TNA SP 11/1/16.
14. Planché, Regal Records, pp. 4–12; Garnett, ed., The Accession of Queen Mary … de Guaras, pp. 117–19.
15. Planché, Regal Records, p. 6.
16. CQJQM, p. 28.
17. Garnett, ed., The Accession of Queen Mary … de Guaras, pp. 118–19.
18. J. Mychel, A Breviat Chronicle (London, 1554) (STC ggjo.j), sig. Oii.
19. CSPS XI, p. 259.
20. CQJQM, p. 29.
21. Stow, Annales, p. 1044.
22. CQJQM, p. 30.
23. Ibid.
CHAPTER 41. GOD SAVE QUEEN MARY
1. Planché, Regal Records, pp. 12–13; Society of Antiquaries, MS 123, fol. 4v; Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 32.
2. CSPS XI, pp. 239–40.
3. Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 33.
4. Planché, Regal Records, pp. 16–23; Society of Antiquaries, MS 123, fols. 6r–8v.
5. Garnett, ed., The Accession of Queen Mary … de Guaras, p. 121.
6. Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 34.
7. CQJQM, p. 31.
8. CSPS XI, p. 262.
9. Garnett, ed., The Accession of Queen Mary … de Guaras, pp. 122–23.
10. CHAPTER 42. INIQUITOUS LAWS
1. CSPV V, 813, p. 431.
2. BL, Cotton Titus B II, fol. 148.
3. CSPS XI, p. 305.
4. Ibid.
5. Cal. Pole, II, 760, pp. 231–32.
6. Cal. Pole, II, 765, pp. 235–37.
7. CSPV V, 807, p. 425.
8. CSPS XI, p. 418.
9. Ibid.
10. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, pp. 35–38.
11. Bonner’s articles, printed in W. H. Frere and W. M. Kennedy, eds., Visitation Articles and Injunctions of the Period of Reformation, 3 vols. (London, 1910), II, pp. 344–45.
12. Frere and Kennedy, eds., Visitation Articles and Injunctions, II, pp. 347–55.
13. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, ii, pp. 37–42.
14. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford, ed., Two London Chronicles from the Collections of John Stow (London, 1910), p. 31; Nichols, ed., “Chronicle of the Grey Friars,” p. 85.
15. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 49.
16. A. G. Dickens, ed., “Robert Parkyn Narrative of the Reformation,” English Historical Review 62 (1947), p. 82.
CHAPTER 43. A MARRYING HUMOR
1. CSPS XI, p. 266.
2. Ibid., p. 282.
3. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, p. 1418.
4. CSPS XI, pp. 386–87.
5. Vertot, Ambassades, II, pp. 144, 174–82.
6. CSPS XI, p. 131.
7. BL, Arundel 151, fol. 195; LP VI, 1126, p. 472.
8. CSPS XI, p. 165.
9. Ibid., pp. 126–27.
10. Ibid., pp. 177–78.
11. Ibid., p. 213.
12. Ibid., pp. 289–90.
13. Ibid., p. 288.
14. Ibid., p. 310.
15. Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, pp. 260, 263.
16. CSPS XI, p. 328.
17. Ibid., p. 331.
CHAPTER 44. A SUITABLE PARTNER IN LOVE
1. CQJQM, p. 32.
2. CSPS XI, pp. 363–65.
3. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” p. 278; CSPS XI, pp. 312–13.
4. CSPS XI, p. 364.
5. Ibid., p. 372.
6. Ibid.
7. Grafton, A Chronicle at Large, (London, 1569), p. 1327.
8. CSPS XI, p. 467.
9. Ibid., pp. 409–10.
10. CQJQM, p. 34.
11. Aff. Etr. IX, fol. 99, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, pp. 115–16.
12. CSPS XI, p. 407.
13. CQJQM, p. 34.
14. Ibid., p. 35.
15. Ibid.
CHAPTER 45. A TRAITOROUS CONSPIRACY
1. CSPS XI, p. 426.
2. Aff. Etr. IX, fol. 99, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, pp. 115–16.
3. Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 108.
4. APC IV, p. 382.
5. CSPS XII, pp. 30–35.
6. Ibid., p. 31.
7. TNA SP 11/2/8, fols. 12–13v (CSPD, Mary, 30).
8. CSPS XII, pp. 40–41.
9. J. Procter, “The Historie of Wyate’s Rebellion,” in Tudor Tracts, ed. A. F. Pollard (London, 1903), pp. 212–13.
10. Procter, “Wyate’s Rebellion,” p. 213.
11. CQJQM, p. 37.
12. Procter, “Wyate’s Rebellion,” p. 230; John Elder, The Copie of a Letter Sent into Scotlande (London, 1333), reprinted in CQJQM, appendix X, pp. 38–39.
13. CQJQM, p. 39.
14. TNA SP 11/2/9, fols. 14–15v.
15. Proctor, “Wyate’s Rebellion,” p. 237.
16. Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 43.
17. CQJQM, p. 40.
18. Cited in S. Brigden, London and the Reformation (Oxford, 1989), pp. 539–40.
19. MacCulloch, ed., “The Vitae Mariae,” p. 281.
20. CSPV VI, i, p. 1054.
21. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, pp. 1418–19.
22. Procter, “Wyate’s Rebellion,” p. 240.
23. Kingsford, ed., Two London Chronicles, p. 32.
24. CQJQM, p. 43.
25. CSPS XII, p. 86.
26. CQJQM, p. 48.
27. Ibid., p. 51.
28. CSPS XII, pp. 86–88; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 55.
29. CQJQM, p. 54.
CHAPTER 46. GIBBETS AND HANGED MEN
I. CSPS XII, p. 120.
2. CQJQM, p. 59.
3. CSPS XII, p. 106.
4. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 56.
5. CSPS XI, p. 168.
6. CQJQM, p. 55.
7. Ibid., pp. 56–59.
8. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, pp. 82–83.
9. Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, pp. 426–27.
10. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 95; Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, pp. 310–11; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 57.
11. CSPS XII, p. 125.
12. Ibid.
13. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 12, p. 2092.
14. L. S. Marcus et al., eds., Elizabeth I: Collected Works (Chicago and London, 2000), pp. 41–42.
15. CSPS XII, p. 167.
16. CQJQM, pp. 70–71.
17. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 12, p. 2092.
18. Ibid., p. 2093.
19. CSPS XII, p. 201.
20. CQJQM, pp. 73–74.
21. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 59–60; CQJQM, p. 74.
22. CQJQM, p. 5.
23. BL, Add 34563, fol. 6r; Revd. C. R. Manning, ed., “State Papers Relating to the Custody of the Princess Elizabeth at Woodstock in 1554,” Norfolk Archaeology, 4 (1855) pp. 133–226.
24. Manning, ed., “State Papers,” p. 158.
25. CSPS XII, p. 162.
CHAPTER 47. SOLE QUEEN
1. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, p. 1419.
2. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, no. 40.
3. CSPS XII, p. 201.
4. Ibid., pp. 216–17.
5. TNA SP 11/1/2, fols. 50–53v.
6. CSPS XII, pp. 15–16.
7. Ibid., p. 142.
8. J. D. Alsop, “The Act for the Queen’s Regal Power,” Parliamentary History 13, no. 3 (1994), p. 275. Original is at BL, Harley 6234, fols. 10–25v, which is transcribed in Alsop’s appendix.
9. Alsop, “The Act for the Queen’s Regal Power,” pp. 275–76.
10. Statutes, IV, I, p. 222; 1 Mariae, St. 3. c. 1.2.
11. CSPS XII, p. 242.
12. BL, Cotton Vespasian F III, Art. 24, no. 19, in French, printed and transcript in Wood, Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies, III, pp. 290–91.
13. CSPS XII, p. 5.
14. Ibid., p. 185.
CHAPTER 48. GOOD NIGHT, MY LORDS ALL
1. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 127.
2. CSPS XII, p. 279; APC V, p. 131.
3. CSPS XII, p. 309.
4. Ibid.
5. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 127.
6. CSPS XII, p. 295.
7. Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 49.
8. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 66.
9. CSPS XIII, p. 1.
10. Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, 413, p. 45.
11. Vertot, Ambassades, III, p. 287.
12. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, p. 139.
13. Ibid., p. 136.
14. Ibid., pp. 165–66.
CHAPTER 49. WITH THIS RING I THEE WED
1. College of Arms, MS WB, fols. 157r—158r; Malfatti, ed., Mary Tudor, p. 51.
2. BL, Add 4712, fol. 79–80.
3. John Elder’s letter CQJQM, p. 141.
4. Marriage of Queen Mary and King Philip: English heralds’ account printed CQJQM, pp. 167–72.
5. Bodleian, Wood MS F 30, fol. 49, cited and transcript in A. Samson, “Changing Places: The Marriage and Royal Entry of Philip, Prince of Austria and Mary Tudor, July–August 1554,” The Sixteenth Century Journal 36, no. 3 (2005), p. 763.
6. Bodleian, Wood MS F 30, fol. 49r, transcript and cited in Samson, “Changing Places,” p. 763.
7. Ibid.
8. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, p. 6; Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 120.
9. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 121; Hughes and Larkin, eds., Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, pp. 45–46
10. CSPS XII, p. 269.
11. Ibid., 11, p. 10.
12. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, p. 143.
13. CSPS XIII, 11, p. 11.
CHAPTER 50. MUTUAL SATISFACTION
1. C. Weiss, Papiers d’état du Cardinal Granvelle, 9 vols. (Paris, 1844–52), IV, p. 285.
2. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, CSPS XIII, p. 443.
3. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, p. 146.
4. CQJQM, p. 79.
5. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, p. 147.
6. Ibid.
7. John Elder, in CQJQM’s letter p. 150.
8. Ibid., p. 151.
9. CSPS XIII, 53, p. 43.
10. Withington, English Pageantry, p. 190.
11. CQJQM, p. 81.
12. CSPS XIII, 60, p. 49.
13. CSPS XIII, 5, pp. 3–4.
CHAPTER 51. THE HAPPIEST COUPLE IN THE WORLD
1. CSPS XIII, 30, p. 26.
2. CSPS XIII, 7, pp. 3–6.
3. CSPV V, 925, p. 527; CSPS XII, pp. 291–93.
4. CSPS XIII, 12, p. 13.
5. CSPS XIII, 33, p. 28.
6. CSPS XIII, 37, pp. 30–34.
7. Ibid.
8. CSPS XIII, 102, p. 95.
9. CSPS XIII, 56, p. 45.
10. C. H. Williams, ed., English Historical Documents 1485–1550 (London, 1967), V, p. 210; CSPS XIII, 37, p. 31.
11. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 76.
12. CSPS XIII, 111, p. 105.
13. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 108; CSPF, Mary, 514, p. 231.
14. Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 198.
15. TNA SP E 351/3030.
16. CQJQM, p. 82.
17. A supplication to the Queen’s majeste (1555) (STC 17567), fols. 23v—24.
18. CQJQM, p. 35.
19. BL, Cotton Vespasian F III, no. 23.
20. Archivo General de Simancas, Estado 1498, fols. 6–7; quoted by G. Redworth in “Matters Impertinent to Women: Male and Female Monarchy under Philip and Mary,” English Historical Review 112, no. 447 (June 1999), p. 598.
21. CSPS XIII, 75, pp. 63–64.
22. CSPS XIII, 94, pp. 79–80.
23. CSPV V, 955, pp. 582–83; 957, pp. 584–86.
24. CSPS XIII, 115, p. 108.
25. CSPS XIII, 97, p. 81.
26. CSPS XIII, 97, p. 82.
CHAPTER 52. TO RECONCILE, NOT TO CONDEMN
1. CSPS XIII, 63, p. 53.
2. CSPV V, 776, p. 398.
3. CSPV V, 856, p. 464; CSPS XI, p. 263.
4. CSPS XI, pp. 420–21.
5. CSPS XIII, 111, p. 105.
6. CQJQM, p. 159.
7. John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, p. 160; Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, pp. 1476–77.
8. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, p. 1478.
9. CSPS XIII, 115, p. 109.
10. Grafton, A Chronicle at Large, pp. 550–51.
11. CSPS XIII, 118, p. 112.
12. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 10, p. 1479. See John Elder’s letter in CQJQM, pp. 162–63.
13. CSPS XIII, 127, p. 122.
CHAPTER 53. THE QUEEN IS WITH CHILD
1. Cal. Pole, II, 998, p. 380.
2. Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, p. 455.
3. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, pp. 204–205; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 76–77.
4. CSPS XIII, 71, p. 60.
5. CSPS XIII, 92, p. 78.
6. CSPS XIII, 116, p. 110.
7. CSPS XIII, 130, p. 124.
8. Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, p. 455.
9. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1597.
10. CSPF, Mary, 367, p. 172; Tytler, England under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, II, p. 469.
11. Statutes, IV, I, pp. 255–57; 1 and 2 Phil. & Mar. c.10.
12. Statutes, IV, I, p. 256; 1 and 2 Phil. & Mar. c.10.
13. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 85.
14. CSPV VI, i, 67, pp. 57–58.
15. Foxe, Actes and Monuments (1563), 5, iii, p. 1731.
16. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 86.
17. CSPV VI, i, 72, p. 61; CSPS XIII, 184, p. 169.
18. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1596.
19. CSPF, Mary, 354, pp. 165–66.
CHAPTER 54. HER MAJESTY’S BELLY
I. CSPV VI, i, 89, p. 77.
2. CSPS XIII, 193, pp. 175–76.
3. CSPS XIII, 216, p. 224.
4. Cited in H. Kamen, Philip of Spain (New Haven, 1997), p. 62.
5. CSPV VI, i, 174, p. 148.
6. CSPV VI, i, 174, p. 417.
7. BL, Sloane I, 583, fol. 15.
8. CPR, Mary, III, pp. 184–85.
9. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1597.
10. Vertot, Ambassades, IV, pp. 341–44.
11. CSPS XIII, 212, p. 222.
12. CSPV VI, i, 116, p. 93.
13. CSPV VI, ii, 174, pp. 147–48.
14. CSPV VI, i, 142, p. 120.
15. Ibid.
16. CSPV VI, i, 174, p. 147; 184, p. 162.
17. CSPV VI, ii, p. 1080.
18. CSPS XIII, 229, p. 240.
19. CSPV VI, i, 190, p. 167.
CHAPTER 55. BLOOD AND FIRE
1. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1493.
2. CSPS XIII, 148, pp. 138–39.
3. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, pp. 1520–21.
4. Ibid., p. 1510.
5. Ibid., p. 1511.
6. Ibid., p. 1592.
7. Ibid., pp. 1592–93.
8. Ibid., p. 1567.
9. APC V, p. 118.
10. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1981.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid., p. 1945.
13. CSPV VI, iii, appendix, 136, p. 1647.
14. CSPS XIII, 148, pp. 138–39.
15. CSPV VI, 116, p. 94.
16. Cited in Kamen, Philip of Spain, p. 62.
17. CSPS XIII, p. 151.
18. CSPV 934, p. 533.
CHAPTER 56. EXTRAORDINARILY IN LOVE
I. CSPS XIII, 228, pp. 238–39.
2. CSPV VI, i, 200, p. 173.
3. CSPV VI, i, 204, p. 178.
4. Ibid.
5. CSPV VI, i, 209, p. 183.
6. CSPV VI, i, 213, p. 186.
7. CSPV VI, i, 200, p. 174.
8. CSPV VI, i, 217, p. 190.
9. CSPS XIII, 52, p. 42.
10. CSPS XIII, 239, p. 247.
11. BL, Cotton Titus B II, fol. 62.
12. Vertot, Ambassades, V, pp. 126–27.
13. CSPV VI, i, 246, p. 213.
14. CSPV VI, 318, p. 285.
15. BL, Cotton Titus B II, fol. 60.
16. TNA SP 11/6/17, fol. 27v; SP 11/8/71 (i), fols. 121–122v.
17. CSPV VI, i, 353, p. 319.
18. CSPV VI, i, 245, p. 212; 257, p. 227; 315, p. 281.
19. CSPV VI, i, 245, p. 212.
20. CSPV VI, i, 332, p. 300.
21. CSPV VI, i, 332, pp. 299–300.
22. CSPV VI, 309, p. 278.
23. Vertot, Ambassades, V, pp. 169–73.
CHAPTER 57. COMMITTED TO THE FLAMES
1. Lord Houghton, ed., Bishop Cranmer’s Recantacyons, with introduction by J. Gairdner, Miscellanies of the Philobiblon Society, 15 (1877–84), pp. 108–10.
2. Letter of Warrant from Mary to mayor and bailiffs of Oxford quoted in G. Townshend and S.R. Cattley, eds., Actes and Monuments of John Foxe (8 vols., 1837–41), 6, pp. 531–32.
3. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1770.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. CS PV VI, 365, p. 329.
7. Cox, ed., Miscellaneous Writings and Letters of Thomas Cranmer, II, p. 563.
8. Ibid.
9. P. N. Brooks, Cranmer in Context (Cambridge, 1989), p. 112.
10. Cox, ed., Miscellaneous Writings and Letters of Thomas Cranmer, II, pp. 564–65.
11. Foxe, Actes and Monuments, book 11, p. 1887.
12. Ibid., p. 1888.
13. CSPV VI, 434, p. 386.
CHAPTER 58. A GREAT AND RARE EXAMPLE OF GOODNESS
1. CSPV VI, i, 473, pp. 434–47.
CHAPTER 59. STOUT AND DEVILISH HEARTS
1. CSPV VI, i, 429, p. 378.
2. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 286; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 101.
3. John Bradford’s letter in Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, ii, p. 129.
4. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 94–95.
5. CSPS XIII, 161, pp. 147–48.
6. CSPV VI, i, 215, p. 188.
7. CSPV VI, i, 274, p. 243.
8. CSPV VI, i, 258, p. 231.
9. CSPV VI, I, 297, pp. 269–270.
10. CSPV VI, i, 289, p. 259.
11. APC V, p. 224.
12. CSPV VI, i, 427, p. 376.
13. CSPV VI, i, 434, p. 384.
14. Ibid.
15. CSPV VI, i, 434, pp. 384–85.
16. CSPV VI, i, 434, pp. 383–84; CSPF, Mary, 496, pp. 222–23.
17. Vertot, Ambassades, V, pp. 361–63.
18. Wriothesley’s Chronicle, II, p. 134.
19. CSPV VI, i, 440, p. 392.
20. CSPV VI, i, 458, p. 411.
21. CSPV VI, i, 525, p. 495.
22. CSPV VI, i, 570, p. 558.
23. CSPV VI, i, 427, p. 376.
24. CSPV VI, i, 460, p. 415.
25. CSPS XIII, 273, p. 271.
26. Vertot, Ambassades, V, pp. 361–63.
27. Aff. Etr. XIII, fol. 24, as cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 301.
28. CSPS XIII, 279, p. 276.
CHAPTER 60. OBEDIENT SUBJECT AND HUMBLE SISTER
1. CSPV VI, i, 505, p. 475.
2. CSPV VI, i, 510, p. 479.
3. L. Wiesener, La Jeunesse d’Elisabeth d’Angleterre (Paris, 1878), p. 343.
4. CSPV, VI, i, 514, p. 484.
5. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, p. 336.
6. Ibid.
7. BL, Lansdowne 1236, fol. 37, printed in Marcus et al., eds., Elizabeth, pp. 43–44.
8. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 120.
9. Wiesener, La Jeunesse d’Elisabeth, p. 304.
10. BL, Cotton Titus B II, fol. 109.
CHAPTER 61. A WARMED OVER HONEYMOON
1. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 129.
2. C. Erikson, Bloody Mary (London, 1978), p. 463.
3. CSPV VI, ii, 743, p. 835.
4. CSPV VI, ii, 723, pp. 808–809.
5. CSPV VI, ii, 787, p. 902; 790, p. 907; 795, pp. 916–17.
6. “Instructions,” Jan. 22, 1557, Aff. Etr. XIII, fols. 137, 139, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 315.
7. BL, Cotton Otho IX, E321–342, fol. 88; T. Glasgow Jr., “The Navy in Philip and Mary’s War, 1557–1558,” Mariner’s Mirror 53, no. 4 (1967), pp. 321–42.
8. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 124.
9. Ibid.
10. Aff. Etr. XIII, fol. 157, quoted in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 317.
11. CSPS XIII, 289, pp. 285–87.
12. Aff. Etr. XIII, fols. 160, 180, quoted in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 321; CSPV VI, ii, p. 956.
13. Aff. Etr. XIII, fol. 182, quoted in Harbison, Rival Ambassasdors, pp. 323–24.
14. Aff. Etr. XIII, fols. 182–183, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 324.
15. CSPV VI, ii, 864, p. 1019.
16. Aff. Etr. XIII, fols. 182v—183, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 324.
17. François de Noailles to Montmorency, April 5, 1557, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 324.
18. CSPV, VI, ii, 743, p. 835.
19. Aff. Etr. XIII, fols. 166–168, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 319.
20. Aff. Etr. XIII, fol. 191, cited in Harbison, Rival Ambassadors, p. 326.
CHAPTER 62. A PUBLIC ENEMY TO OURSELVES
1. CSPV VI, 870, p. 1026.
2. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, ii, p. 261.
3. Ibid., pp. 261–63.
4. CSPS XIII, 299, pp. 290–91; CSPV VI, ii, 873, pp. 1028–29.
5. CSPS XIII, 306, p. 294.
6. CSPV VI, ii, p. 927.
7. CSPS XIII, 339, p. 317.
8. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 147; Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III (1721), p. 382.
9. CSPS XIII, 349, p. 321.
10. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 162.
11. George Ferrers, “The Winning of Calais by the French” (1569), reprinted in Pollard, ed., Tudor Tracts 1532–1588, pp. 290–98.
12. CSPS XIII, 395, p. 348.
13. CSPS XIII, 382, pp. 340–41.
CHAPTER 63. THE GRIEF OF THE MOST SERENE QUEEN
I. Reginald Pole, Epistolae Reginaldi Poli, ed. A. M. Quirini, 5 vols. (Brescia, 1744–1757), V, p. 24.
2. CSPV VI, ii, 849, p. 994.
3. CSPV VI, ii, 772, p. 880.
4. Pole, Epistolae Reginaldi Poli, V, p. 144.
5. CSPV VI, 899, p. 1112.
6. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, ii, pp. 231–37.
7. CSPV VI, 898, pp. 1109–11; 913, pp. 1131–33.
8. CSPV VI, 937, pp. 1166–70.
9. CSPV VI, ii, 937, pp. 1166–67.
10. Cal. Pole, 111, p. 464.
11. CSPF, Mary, 641, p. 320.
12. CSPV VI, ii, 981, p. 1240.
13. CSPV VI, 991, p. 1248.
14. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 150–51.
15. Pole, Epistolae Reginaldi Poli, V, p. 34.
16. CSPV VI, iii, 1209, p. 1482.
17. CSPV V, 813, p. 429.
18. C. G. Bayne, Anglo-Roman Relations, 1558–1565 (Oxford, 1913), p. 24.
CHAPTER 64. READINESS FOR CHANGE
1. CSPV VI, ii, 884, pp. 1043–85.
CHAPTER 65. THINKING MYSELF TO BE WITH CHILD
1. CSPV VI, iii, 1142, p. 1427.
2. CSPS XIII, 382, pp. 340–41.
3. CSPS XIII, 413, p. 367.
4. CSPS XIII, 425, pp. 378–79.
5. BL, Harley 6949, is the transcript of the will and is printed in D. M. Loades, Mary Tudor: A Life (Oxford, 1989), pp. 370–83.
6. CSPV VI, iii, 1274, p. 1538.
7. M. J. Rodriguez-Salgado and S. Adams, eds., “The Count of Feria’s Despatch to Philip II of 14 November 1558,” Camden Miscellany 28 (1984), pp. 330, 334.
8. CSPV VI, III, 1274, p. 1538.
9. CSPS XIII, 498, p. 438.
10. CSPV VI, iii, 1285, p. 1549.
CHAPTER 66. REASONABLE REGRET FOR HER DEATH
1. Clifford, Life of Jane Dormer, p. 71.
2. Holinshed, Chronicles of England, II, p. 1784.
3. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 178.
4. CSPV VI, iii, 1286, p. 1550.
5. CSPS XIII, 502, p. 440.
6. “Ceremonial of the Burial of King Edward IV, from a Ms of the Late Mr Artis, Now in the Possession of Thomas Astle, Esq,” Archaeologia II (1779), pp. 350–51.
7. CSPS I, 1, p. 3.
8. TNA SP 12/1, fols. 32–33.
9. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 182.
10. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, i, pp. 466–67; Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” p. 182; A. P. Harvey and R. Mortimer, eds., The Funeral Effigies of Westminster Abbey (Woodbridge, 1994), pp. 55–57.
11. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 182–83; TNA SP 12/1, fols. 69–80.
12. Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, ii, pp. 277–87.
13. Ibid.
14. “A Sermon Made at the Burial of Queen Mary,” BL, Cotton Vespasian D XVIII X, fol. 104; for published version, cited in Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, III, ii, pp. 277–87.
15. APC VII, p. 45.
16. Nichols, ed., “The Diary of Henry Machyn,” pp. 183–84.
EPILOGUE. VERITAS TEMPORIS FILIA
1. BL, Harley, 1813, pp. 259–60. The Epitaphe vpon the Death of the Most Excellent and oure late vertuous Quene, Marie, deceased, augmented by the first Author (London, 1558?), in Old English Ballads 1553—1625, Chiefly from Manuscripts, ed. Hyder E. Rollins (Cambridge, 1920), pp. 23–26, at p. 26. See Marcia Lee Metzger, “Controversy and ‘Correctness’: English Chronicles and Chroniclers, 1553–68,” The Sixteenth-Century Journal 27 (1996), pp. 437–51, at p. 450.
2. E. Arber, ed., A Transcript of the Register of the Company of Stationers of London, 1554–1640, 5 vols. (London, 1875–77), I, fol. 35.
3. “A fourme of prayer with thankes giuing, to be used every yeere, the 17. of November, beyng the day of the Queenes Maiesties entrie to her raigne, London 1576,” reprinted in W. Keatinge, Liturgical Services, Elizabeth (London, 1847), pp. 548–58.
4. J. Knox, The First Blast of the Trumpet against the Monstrous Regiment of Women (Geneva, 1558), p. 32.
5. Ibid., p. 10.
6. Ibid., p. 9.
7. Foxe, Actes and Monuments (London, 1583), p. 2098.
8. R. Garcia, “ ‘Most Wicked Superstition and Idolatry’: John Foxe, His Predecessors and the Development of an Anti-Catholic Polemic in the Sixteenth-Century Accounts of the Reign of Mary I,” in John Foxe at Home and Abroad, ed. D. Loades, pp. 79–87.
9. W. C. Sellar and R. J. Yeatman, 1066 and All That: A Memorable History of England Comprising all the Parts You Can Remember … (London, 1930), pp. 64–65.
10. M. Twiss, The Most Evil Men and Women in History (London, 2002), pp. 85–97.
11. CSPV V, pp. 532–33.
12. J. Aylmer, An Harborowe for Faithfull and Trewe Subiectes (“Strasborowe” [i.e., London], 1559) (STC 1005) sig. H3v.
13. Janet Arnold, Queen Elizabeth’s Wardrobe Unlock’d (Leeds, 1988), pp. 52, 55.