Notes

1. CORSICA

Napoleon on The Templars is from Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 41 Napoleon to Caulaincourt is from Dwyer, Napoleon p. 45 1. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 37 2. Chuquet, Jeunesse I p. 42, Browning, Napoleon p. 22, Davies, Vanished Kingdoms p. 500 3. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 277 4. Parker, ‘Why did Napoleon’ p. 142 5. Buhl MSS 110 Box 1 fol. 2 p. 4 6. ed. Wilson, Diary p. 46 7. Dwyer, Napoleon p. 24, Englund, Napoleon p. 8 8. Bonaparte, Joseph, Mémoires et correspondance X p. 25 9. Carrington, Napoleon and his Parents pp. 29–31, Englund, Napoleon, p. 10 10. Chuquet, Jeunesse I p. 44 11. Decaux, Napoleon’s Mother p. xii 12. Englund, Napoleon p. 10 13. Englund, Napoleon p. 1014. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 33 15. Markham, ‘The Emperor at Work’ p. 59 16. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 33 17. Sudhir Hazareesingh in TLS 12/2/2005 p. 11 18. Burdon, The Life p. 6 19. Williams, A Narrative p. 168 20. ed. Jones, Intimate Account p. 425 21. Chaptal, Souvenirs pp. 173–4 22. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. x, Healey, Literary Culturep. 20 n. 37 23. Bonaparte, Joseph, Mémoires et correspondance X p. 26 24. Zarzeczny, Meteors, p. 45 25. Ross, ‘Napoleon and Manouver Warfare’ p. 1 26. Gillian Tindall in TLS 24/9/1999 p. 34, Sudhir Hazareesingh in TLS 20/2/2004 p. 9 27. Buhl MSS 110 Box 2 fol. 7 p. 11 28. Forrest, Napoleon p. 25 29. Markham, Napoleon p. 3, Rose, Napoleonp. 5, Dwyer, Napoleon, p. 25, Englund, Napoleon p. 15, Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 136 30. Bourgoing, Quelques notices p. 1 31. Rapp, Memoirs p. 55 32. Coston, Biographie p. 20 33. Assier, Napoleon I p. 44 34. Kiley, Artillery p. 29 35. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 240 36. Biagi, ‘A Coincidence’ pp. 19, 154–5 37. Dwyer,Napoleon, p. 28 38. Nasica, Mémoires p. 12 39. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 5 40. Rose, Napoleon I p. 11 41. Healey, Literary Culture of Napoleon p. 21 42. Hicks, ‘The Napoleonic “Police”’, Englund, Napoleon p. 31 43. ed. Gaskill, The Reception of Ossian p. xxvii 44. Levy, Napoléon intime p. 14, McLynn,Napoleon p. 21 45. Barral,Histoire des Sciences p. 7 46. Levy, Napoléon intime p. 8 47. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 4 48. Hicks, ‘Late 18th Century’ passim 49. Baring-Gould, Napoleon p. 17, Rose, Napoleon I p. 12 50. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 4 51. CG1 no. 1 p. 43, June 24, 1784 52. Robb, Parisians p. 13 53.Forrest, Napoleon p. 34 54. AN AII. 1891 p. 51 55. TLS 30/12/1939 p. 754 56. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 107 57. Bonaparte, Joseph, Mémoires et correspondance X p. 29 58. CG1 no. 5 p. 47, March 28, 1745 59. Levy, Napoléon intime p. 17 60. Bonaparte, A Reply p. 14 61. Englund, Napoleon p. 24 62. Boswell, Account of Corsica p. 77 63.CG1 no. 21 p. 65, August 29, 1788 64.NYPL MSS Coll 4854, Englund, Napoleon p. 25 65. Smith, Napoleon’s Regiments p. 294 66. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 184 67. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences pp. 211–12 68. Healey, Literary Culture of Napoleon Appendix A 69. ed. Castle, Stanley Kubrick’s Napoleon p. 164 70. Levy, Napoléon intime p. 23 71. Rose, Napoleon I p. 19 72. Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 134 73. Bodleian MS Curzon e1. p. 16 74. Plumptre, A Narrative p. 260 75. Browning, Napoleon p. 283, ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie pp. 42, 63 76. Browning, Napoleon pp. 283–4 77. Forrest, Napoleon p. 24 78. Rose, Napoleon I p. 20, Englund, Napoleon p. 31 79. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 31 80.Browning, Napoleon pp. 285–8, ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie pp. 42–3 81. Browning, Napoleon pp. 285–8 82. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 25 83. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction pp. 36–7 84. Ibid. 85. CG1 no. 11 p. 54, April 21, 1787 86. Dwyer, Napoleon p. 47 87. Kiley, Artillery of the Napoleonic Wars p. 26 88. Kiley,Artillery of the Napoleonic Wars p. 29 89. ed. Johnston, The Corsican p. 143 90. eds. Masson and Biagi, Napoléon inconnu II p. 53 91. Englund, Napoleon p. 31 92. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 61 93. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie pp. 44–5 94. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 308 95. CG1 no. 31 p. 78, July 22, 1789 96. CG1 no. 29 p. 76, June 12, 1789

2. REVOLUTION

Metternich on Napoleon is from ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 281 Napoleon to the Elector Frederick is from ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 153–4 1. CG1 no. 31 p. 78, July 22, 1789 2. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 21 3. Simonetta and Arikha, Napoleon and the Rebel p. 10, Collins, Napoleon and His Parliaments p. 7 4. Rose, Napoleon I pp. 28–9, Forrest, Napoleon p. 45 5. Thrasher, Paoli p. 197 6. Masson and Biagi, Napoléon inconnu II pp. 79–83, Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ pp. 141–2 7. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 71 8. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 73 9. CG1 no. 39 p. 86, June 24, 1790 10. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 11 11. ed. Bingham, SelectionI p. 21. The pamphlet itself has not survived. 12. Bonaparte, Joseph, Mémoires et correspondence I p. 44 13. Pierpont Morgan Library MA 6942 14. Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 147 15. Masson and Biagi, Napoléon inconnu II p. 128 16. Rose, Napoleon I p. 32 17. Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 148 18. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 22 19.Rose, Napoleon I p. 33 20. Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 139 21. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie p. 45 22. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. ix 23. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 42 24. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 24 25. CG1 no. 67 p. 115, July 25, 1792 26. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 24 27. Richardson, Dictionary p. 469 28. ed. Bingham,Selection I p. 28 29. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 27 30. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 8 31. CG1 no. 65 p. 113, June 22, 1792 32. Robb, Parisians p. 435 33. Orieux, Talleyrand p. 224 34. ed. Latimer, Talks pp 46–7 35. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 47 36. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 29, Thibaudeau, Mémoires p. 59 37. ed. Latimer,Talks p. 38 38. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 38 39. Chaptal, Souvenirs pp. 185–6 40. ed. Wilson, Diary pp. 137–8 41. CG1 no. 75 p. 121, January 12, 1793 42. Pellew, Life of Lord Sidmouth I p. 72 43. Sherwig, Guineas and Gunpowder p. 345 44. Thrasher, Paoli p. 255 45. CG1 no. 77 p. 122, March 2, 1793 46. Musée National de la Maison Bonaparte 47.Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 148, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 38 48. Dwyer, ‘From Corsican Nationalist’ p. 149 49. Paoli, La Jeunesse de Napoléon p. 9 50. Foladare, Boswell’s Paoli p. 225 51. Bodleian MS Curzon e.1. p. 23 52. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 128, Masson and Biagi, Napoléon inconnu II pp. 477–97 53. Pelet,Napoleon in Council p. 22 54. Bodleian MS Curzon e1. p. 16, ed. Wilson, Diary p. 87 55. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 32 56. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 43, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 53–4 57. CG1 no. 111 p. 142, November 14, 1793 58. CG1 no. 95 p. 132, October 1793 59. CG1 no. 96 p. 133, October 16, 1793 60. CG1 no. 102 p. 137, October 2, 1793 61. Rose, NapoleonI p. 49 62. Rose, Napoleon I p. 52 63. Friedman, The Emperor’s Itch p. 33 64. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 43 65. Friedman, The Emperor’s Itch pp. 22–3 66. Las Cases, Journal I pt 2 p. 67, O’Meara, Napoleon at St Helena I pp. 198–9, 229 67. CN32 p. 82 68. Williams, A Narrative p. 180 69. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 35 70.Crook, Toulon in War and Revolution p. 145 71. Bonaparte, A Reply p. 10 72. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 152 73. Emsley, Napoleon p. 9

3. DESIRE

Napoleon to O’Meara is from O’Meara, Napoleon in Exile I p. 203 Napoleon to Bausset is from Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 259 1. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 36, Fraser, Napoleon’s Cursed War p. 23 2. CG1 nos. 163, 172, 191 p. 171, April 4, 1794, p. 174, May 7, 1794, p. 182, June 10, 1794 3. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 36 4. Lavalette,Memoirs p. 9 5. CG1 no. 232 p. 196, August 7, 1794 6. Bonaparte, A Reply p. 18 7. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 60 8. CG1 no. 139 p. 159, January 4, 1794 9. CG1 no. 235 p. 197August 12 or 19, 1794 10. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 41 11. CG1 no. 244 p. 201, September 10, 1794 12. CG1 no. 283 p. 218, February 4, 1795 13. CG1 no. 285 p. 219, February 12, 1795 14. CG1 no. 290 p. 221, April 11, 1795 15. Mars & Clio Autumn 2010 p. 21 16. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 44 17. Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 9 18. Bonaparte, A Reply p. 19 19. CG1 no. 322 p. 248, August 10, 1795 20. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 16 21. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 104n 22. Englund, Napoleonp. 76 23.D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 34 24. Las Cases, Le Mémorial I p. 401 25. CG1 no. 297 p. 224, May 9, 1795 26. CG1 no. 298 p. 224, May 22, 1795 27. CG1 no. 301 p. 227June 4, 1795 28. CG1 no. 303 pp. 228–9, June 14, 1795 29. CG1 no. 321 p. 247, August 10, 1795 30. CG1 no. 309 p. 233, July 6, 1795 31. CG1 no. 310 p. 235, July 12, 1795 32.Bertrand, Cahiers II p. 218, Las Cases, Le Mémorial I p. 284 33. CG1 no. 309 p. 233, July 6, 1795 34. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 55 35. CG1 no. 327 p. 252, August 20, 1795 36. Brown, War, Revolution p. 128 37. ed. Handel, Leaders and Intelligence p. 42 38. CG1 no. 345 p. 268, between September 15 and October 5, 1795 39. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie p. 13 40. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie p. 15 41. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie pp. 2–21 42. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie pp. 2–21 43. ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie p. 67 44. CG1 no. 334 p. 258, September 1, 1795 45. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 40 46. Healey, Literary Culture p. 79 47. Bonaparte, A Reply p. 20 48.Lavalette,Memoirs p. 12 49. ed. Lecestre, Lettres Inédites II p. 133 50. CN2 no. 485 p. 15 51. Arnault, Memoirs I p. 35, Lavalette, Memoirs pp. 12–13 52. Sarrazin, Confession p. 13 53. Annual Register 1795 no. 37 p. 106 54. Gibbs, Military Career p. 42 55. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 37 56. Christies Rare Books catalogue 27/11/2012 p. 14 57.Memes,Memoirs p. 13 58. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 45 59. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 237 60. Haig, Napoleon and Josephine’s Paris p. 50 61. Haig, Napoleon and Josephine’s Paris p. 49. 62. Philip Mansel in TLS 16/1/2004 p. 23 63. Stuart, Rose of Martinique p. 277 64. Stuart, Rose of Martinique p. 206 65. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 123, Bruce,Napoleon and Josephine p. 74 66. ed. Duruy, Memoirs of Barras II p. 72 67. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 281 68. Thody, French Caesarism p. 35 69. Chuquet, Jeunesse I p. 65, Rose, Napoleon I p. 3 70. ed. Hanoteau, Memoirs of Queen Hortense I p. 326 n. 3 71. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 138 72. Bruce, Napoleon and Josephine p. 162 73. ed. Duruy,Memoirs of Barras II p. 79 74. Pratt, ‘Vignettes’ p. 59 75. Chuquet, Jeunesse I p. 41, Davies, Vanished Kingdoms p. 501 76. Dubroca, Life of Bonaparte p. 94, Poultier, History of the War p. 260

4. ITALY

Stendhal, The Charterhouse of Parma (1839) Napoleon to Chaptal is from Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 296 1. Pratt, ‘Vignettes’ p. 60 2. Boycott-Brown, Road to Rivoli p. 412 3. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 204, ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict pp. 290–92 4. Baldet, La vie quotidienne p. 33 5. Starke, Letters from Italy I p. 60 6. ed. Chandler, Military Maximspp. 135, 205 7. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences pp. 217–19 8. CG1 no. 426 p. 304, March 28, 1796 9. ed. Hanoteau, Napoleon in Russia p. 367 10. CG1 no. 471 p. 328, April 8, 1796 11. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict pp. 290–92 12. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 67 13. ed. Luvaas, Art of War p. 10 14. Gray, Words of Napoleon p. xii15. TLS12/5/1927 p. 325, Hazareesingh in TLS 3/2/2012 p. 4 16. AN 192AP/2, SHD GR6.YD/1 17. CG4 no. 8847 p. 694, April 28, 1804 18. CG1 no. 463 p. 324, April 6, 1796 19. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 146 20. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 32 21. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 34, CG1 nos. 464, 467 p. 325, April 6, 1796, p. 326, April 7, 1796 22. CG7 no. 14120 p. 111, January 19, 1807 23. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 73, Stuart, Rose of Martinique p. 206, CG3 no. 5277 p. 230, May 11, 1800, GC1 no. 1068 p. 672, November 21, 1796 24. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine pp. 25–6, Pierpont Morgan Library MA 6936 and passim 25. CG1 no. 463 p. 324 26. ed. Bingham,Selection I p. 70 27. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 74 28. eds. Dwyer and McPhee, French Revolution and Napoleon pp. 128–9, ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 74 29. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 72 30. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 71–2 31. Foy, History I p. 43 32. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 111 33. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army pp. 42–3 34.Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 145 35. Rose, Napoleon I p. 88 36. ed. Yonge, Man of Other Days II p. 112ff 37. ed. Yonge, Man of Other Days II p. 122 38. ed. Yonge, Man of Other Days II pp. 126–7 39. CG1 no. 545 p. 370, April 20, 1796 40. Woolf, Napoleon’s Integration p. 252 41. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 76 42. CG1 no. 557 p. 377, May 1, 1796 43.Edinburgh Review no. XLVI September 1814 p. 470 44. Plumptre, A Narrative III p. 352 45. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 55 46. CG1 no. 573 p. 384, May 6, 1796 47. CG1 no. 582 p. 389, May 9, 1796 48. CG1 nos. 609–11, pp. 406–7, May 18, 1796 49. Higgonet, Paris p. 136 50. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 203 51. Tulard,Napoléon: les grands moments p. 97 52. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 114, Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 10 53. CG1 no. 589 p. 393 and CG1 no. 588 p. 392, May 11, 1796 54. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine pp. 37–40 55. CG1 no. 595 pp. 396–7, May 13, 1796 56. Bruce, Napoleon and Josephine p. 174 57. Dwyer, Napoleon p. 24358. CG1 no. 596 p. 397, May 14, 1796 59. CG1 no. 597 p. 398, May 14, 1796 60. CG1 no. 599 p. 399, May 14, 1796 61. ed. Tarbell, Napoleon’s Addresses pp. 34–5 62. ed. Duruy, Memoirs of Barras II p. 153 63. Gaffarel, Bonaparte et les républiques italiennes p. 5 64. CG1 no. 1880, p. 1107, August 6, 1797 65. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 82, 85 66. Broers,Napoleonic Empire in Italy p. 31 67. Woolf, Napoleon’s Integration p. 9 68. Woloch, Jacobin Legacy p. 70 69. CG1 no. 627 p. 415, May 24, 1796 70. ed. Tarbell, Napoleon’s Addresses pp. 36–7 71. ed. Tarbell, Napoleon’s Addresses pp. 37–8 72. CG1 no. 639 p. 421, June 1, 1796 73. CG1 no. 629 p. 416, May 25, 1796 74. CG1 no. 629 p. 416, May 25, 1796, Chrisawn, Emperor’s Friend p. 22 75. ed. Haythornthwaite Final Verdict pp. 240–41 76. Pigeard, L'Armée p. 182 77. CG1 no. 639, p. 421, June 1, 1796 78. CG6 no. 11392 pp. 86–7, February 4, 1806 79. CN6 no. 478 p. 73 80. CG1 no. 625, p. 414, May 25, 1796 81. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 43 82. CG1 no. 642, p. 424, June 1, 179683. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 51 84. Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 11 85. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 95 86. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine pp. 47–9 87. CG1 no. 672 p. 441, June 11, 1796 88. CG1 no. 677 p. 443, June 11, 1796, ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine pp. 46–7 89. TLS 24/11/2006 p. 14 90. CG1 no. 693 p. 451, June 15, 1796 91.Quarterly Review 1833 pp. 179–84 92. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 224 93. Summerville, Ségur p. 119

5. VICTORY

Napoleon to Joseph is from CN25 no. 19895 p. 218 Napoleon to Talleyrand is from CG8 no. 19233 p. 1209 1. Chadwick, Popes p. 450 2. Rose, Napoleon I p. 103 3. CG1 no. 845 p. 542, August 11, 1796 4. CG1 no. 710 p. 462, June 21, 1796 5. CG1 no. 711 p. 464, June 21, 1796 6. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 96 7. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 55 8.ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 56 9. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs pp. 60–61 10. Starke, Letters from Italy I pp. 74–5 11. Knapton, Empress Josephine pp. 133–4, Stuart, Rose of Martinique p. 199 12. Pierpont Morgan Library MA 6938 13. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 59 14. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 60 15. Hamelin, Douze Ans pp. 14–15 16.Bibliothèque Thiers, Fonds Masson No. 223/I/81 17. CG1 no. 776 pp. 500–501, July 12, 1796, AN 400AP/6/p. 4 18. AN 400AP/6/p. 4 19. eds. Olsen and van Creveld, Evolution of Operational Art p. 32 20. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 211 21. ed. Handel, Leaders and Intelligence p. 40 22. CG1 no. 833 p. 533, August 2, 1796 23.Chlapowski,Polish Lancer p. 60 24. CG1 no. 820 p. 526, July 29, 1796 25. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 107 26. CG1 no. 832 p. 532, August 2, 1796 27. CG1 no. 826 p. 529, July 30, 1796 28. CG 1 no. 822 p. 527, July 30, 1796 29. CG1 no. 828 p. 530, July 31, 1796 30. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 261 31. Marbot, Mémoires II ch. 16 32. ed. Bingham,Selection I p. 10633. Wood, ‘Forgotten Sword’ p. 79 34. CG1 no. 837 p. 538, August 7, 1796 35. CG1 no. 838 p. 538, August 8, 1796 36. CG1 no. 840 p. 540, August 9, 1796 37. CG1 nos. 839–40 p. 539, August 9, 796 38. Smith, Data Book p. 122 39. CG1 no. 961 p. 612, October 2, 1796 40. CG 1 no. 962 p. 614, October 2, 1796 41. CG1 nos. 961 and 980 p. 612, October 2, 1796, p. 620, October 8, 1796 42. CG1 no. 993 p. 628, October 12, 1796 43. CG1 no. 992 p. 628, October 12, 1796 44. CG1 no. 996 p. 631, October 16, 1796 45. Broers, Politics of Religion p. x 46. CG1 no. 1007 p. 639, October 21, 1796 47. CG1 no. 1008 p. 639, October 24, 1796 48. Paris, Napoleon’s Legion p. 15 49. CG1 no. 1059 p. 664, November 13, 1796 50. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 123 51. CG1 no. 1060 p. 666, November 19, 1796 52. CG1 no. 1086 p. 681, November 29, 1796 53. Rose, Napoleon I pp. 130–31, ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 93 54. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 120 55. CG1 no. 1084 p. 680, November 27, 1796 56. CG1 no. 1085 p. 681, November 28, 179657. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 19 58. CG1 no. 1093 p. 685, December 5, 1796 59. CG1 no. 1112 p. 696, December 8, 1796 60. CG1 no. 1127 p. 704, December 10, 1796 61. CG1 no. 1209 p. 746, December 28, 1796 62. CG1 no. 1274 p. 778, January 6, 1797 63. CG1 no. 1279 p. 782, January 7, 1797 64. CG1 no. 1286 p. 784, January 7, 1797 65. Rose,Napoleon I p. 136 66. Smith, Data Book p. 131, ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 131 67. René, Original Journals p. 121 68. CG1 no. 1315 p. 802, January 22, 1797 69. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 91 70. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 135 71. CG1 no. 1395 p. 849, February 19, 1797 72. Forrest, Napoleon p. 87 73.Forrest, Napoleon p. 86 74.Dziewanowski, ‘Napoleon’ p. 91, 89 Carnavalet Portraits Box 229, Bibliothèque Thiers 34/7001–7274 75. Theodore D. Buhl MSS 110 Box 1/fol. 1/pp. 18, 23, 26 76. Laskey, A Description p. 1 77. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 142 78. Knight, Britain Against Napoleon p. 522 79. eds. Nafziger et al., Imperial Bayonetsp. 165, CG1 no. 1640 p. 880 80.CG1 no. 1469 p. 885, March 22, 1797 81. CG1 no. 1476 p. 889, March 25, 1797 82. eds. Horn and Walker, Le Précis de leadership militaire, p. 485, Englund, Napoleon p. 105 83. CG7 no. 14773 p. 396, March 20, 1807 84. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 67 85. Bourne, History of Napoleon p. 376 86. CG3 no. 5087 p. 138 87. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 154 88. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 117 89. ed. Summerville, Ségur p. 38 90. CN32 p. 68 91. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 222 92. ed. Tarbell, Napoleon’s Addresses p. x 93. Houssaye, The Return of Napoleon p. 7 94. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 337

6. PEACE

Napoleon to Joseph is from ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 96 Napoleon to the Conseil d’État is from Johnston, The Corsican p. 160 1. CG1 no. 1495, p. 901, April 8, 1797 2. CG1 no. 1514 p. 914, April 16, 1797 3. CG1 no. 1514 p. 914, April 16, 1797, Dubroca, Life of Bonaparte p. 90 4. CG1 no. 1514 p. 916, April 16, 1797 5. CG1 no. 1497 p. 905, April 9, 1797 6. CG1 no. 1521 p. 923, April 30, 1797 7. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 55 8. CG1 no. 1516 p. 917, April 19, 1797 9. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 54 10. CG1 no. 1587 p. 962, May 27, 1797 11. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 156 12. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 54 13. CG1 no. 1587 p. 962, May 27, 179714. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 64 15. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 94 16. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs pp. 94–5, Markham, Napoleon p. 63, McLynn, Napoleon p. 153, Schom, Napoleon p. 65, ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 160, eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 1 17. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 19 18. ed. Bingham,Selection I p. 168 19. CG1 no. 1785 p. 1058, July 15, 1797 20. Schneid, Soldiers p. 3 21. CG1 no. 1785 p. 1058, July 15, 1797 22. TLS 8/8/1971 p. 1208, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 97 23. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 98 24. Rose, Napoleon I p. 165 25. CG1 no. 1822 p. 1081, July 26, 1797 26. Rose, Napoleon I p. 161 27. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 171 28. CG1 no. 1962 p. 1140, September 3, 1797 29. ed. Fleischmann, Memoirs p. 109, Brown, ‘From Organic Society’ p. 661, ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 59, Lavalette, Memoirs p. 28 30. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 59 31. Hicks, ‘Late 18th Century’ passim 32. Carnot, Reply of Carnot p. 30 33. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 2934. CG1 no. 2009 p. 1166, September 12, 1797 35. CG1 no. 2098 p. 1216, September 26, 1797 36. Dubroca, Life of Bonaparte p. 91 37. Rose, Napoleon I p. 169 38. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 106 39. CG1 no. 2149, p. 1244, Octoebr 7, 1797 40. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 189 41. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 60 42. CG1 no. 2170 p. 1256, October 18, 1797 43. Dubroca, Life of Bonaparte p. 90 44. CG1 no. 2163 p. 1253, October 17, 1797 45. CG1 no. 2170 p. 1257, October 18, 1797 46. Jenkins, French Navy p. 226, CG1 no. 2191 p. 1267, November 5, 1797 47. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 192 48. CG1 no. 2220 pp. 1283–9, November 11, 1797 49. ed. Sanderson,Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 6350. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 64 51. Simms, Europe p. 156 52. CG1 no. 1587, p. 963, May 27, 1797 53. CG1 no. 2274 p. 1313, November 30, 1797 54. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 35 55. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 194 56. Espitalier, Vers Brumaire pp. 45–6 57. ed. Hanoteau, Memoirs of Queen Hortense I p. 32 58. Knapton, Empress Josephine p. 153 59. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 153–4, ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 195 60. Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 25 61. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 200 62. Espitalier, Vers Brumaire pp. 45–7 63. Williams, A Narrative p. 5 64. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 46, Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 24 65. ed. Sanderson,Bourrienne’s Memoirs pp. 65–6 66. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 195, Rose, Napoleon I p. 173, Lockhart, Napoleon Buonaparte I p. 105 67. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 63 68. CG1 no. 12280 p. 1316, November 26, 1797 69. Lockhart, Napoleon Buonaparte I pp. 105–6 70. Healey, Literary Culture p. 88, Williams, The Life of Goethep. 39 71. ed. Hanoteau, Memoires of Queen Hortense I p. 33 72. Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 26 73. Tone, Wolfe Tone p. 266 74. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 68 75. CG2 no. 2315 p. 38, February 23, 1798 76. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences p. 245 77. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 68 78. Knapton, Empress Josephine pp. 150–5379. Knapton, Empress Josephine p. 151 80.Hastier, Le Grand Amour p. 152 81. Hastier, Le Grand Amour pp. 152–4 82. Hastier, Le Grand Amour p. 160

7. EGYPT

The anonymous Islamic historian comes from ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 24 Napoleon to Gourgaud comes from ed. Latimer, Talks p. 66 1. Murphy, ‘Napoleon’s International Politics’ p. 165, Volney, Voyage p. 235 2. CG1 no. 1908 p. 1118, August 16, 1797 3. eds. Bertaud et al., Napoléon p. 312 4. CG2 no. 2390 p. 80, April 13, 17985.Abulafia, The Great Sea p. 516 6. Rose, Napoleon I p. 185, ed. Handel, Leaders and Intelligence p. 41, ed. Hicks, Clisson and Eugénie p. 56 7. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 69 8. ed. Moreh, Napoleon in Egypt p. 12 9. CN15 no. 12924 p. 537 10. CN4 no. 2570 p. 128 11. Plumptre, A Narrative p. 321 12. Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt p. 39 13. CG2 no. 2415 p. 94, April 19, 1798 14. eds. Tortel and Carlier, Bonaparte de Toulon p. 28 15. CG2 no. 2391 p. 81, April 13, 1798 16. Knight, Pursuit of Victory p. 284 17. ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction pp. xv–xvi 18. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 37 19. CG2 no. 2519 p. 142, June 13, 1798, Rose, Napoleon I p. 184, ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 210, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 76 20. CG2 no. 2547, p. 155, June 17, 1798 21. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I pp. 239–40 22. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 212–13 23. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. 132 24. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 210, Rose, Napoleon I p. 188, Anon., Copies of Original Letters I pp. 244–6, ed. Moreh, Napoleon in Egypt p. 3 25. CG2 no. 4174 p. 820, January 28, 1799 26. Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt p. 46, Rose Napoleon I p. 190 27. Arnault, Memoirs I p. 86 28. Bodleian MS Curzon e1. p. 15 29. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. 134 30. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. 133 31. Jonquière, L’Expédition II ch. 5 32. CG2 no. 2625 p. 193, July 24, 1798 33. ed. Moreh, Napoleon in Egypt p. 8 34. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences p. 248 35. Bourrienne, Memoirs I p. 66, Stuart, Rose of Martinique p. 234 36. ed. Howard, Letters and Documents I pp. 258–9 37. BL Add. MSS 23003 38. CG2 no. 2635, p. 199, July 25, 1798 39. CG3 no. 5277 p. 230, May 11, 1800 40. Anon., Copies of Original Letters II p. 111 41. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. 121 42. Gichon, ‘East Meets West’ p. 106 n. 12 43. ed. Dufourcq, Mémoires pp. 121–2 44. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 270 45. Duffy, Austerlitz p. 137 46. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. 133 47. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert pp. 15–16, Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. 78 48. ed. Bierman, Napoleon in Egypt p. 85 49. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 209 50. Solé, Conquête de l'Égypte, pp. 108–9 51. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 74 52. Bertrand, Cahiers I p. 21 53. CN29 p. 570 54. ed. Kerry, The First Napoleon p. 99 55. Ebrington, Memorandum p. 18 56. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 89 57. Forrest, Napoleon p. 112 58. Forrest, Napoleonp. 108 59. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 221–5 60. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 221–5 61. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 221–5 62. ed. Moreh, Napoleon in Egypt p. 14 63. ed. Bierman, Napoleon in Egypt p. 85 64. ed. Ainé, Histoire de l’expédition pp. 13–14 65. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 221–5 66. CG2 no. 2625 p. 193, July 24, 1798 67. ed. Latimer,Talks p. 64 68. CG2 no. 3890 p. 706, December 9, 1798, CG2 no. 2676 p. 216, July 30, 1798 69. CG2 no. 2870 p. 299, August 19, 1798 70. CG2 no. 2870 p. 299, August 19, 1798 71. CG2 no. 2857 p. 289, August 18, 1798, Smith Data Book p. 140 72. CG2 no. 2870 p. 299, August 19, 1798 73. Anon., Copies of Original Letters I p. xvi, Alison,History of Europe I p. 580 74. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 43, CG2 no. 2832 p. 277 75. Cole, Napoleon’s Egypt p. 123 76. Cole, Napoleon’s Egypt p. 126 77. Byrd, ‘Napoleonic Institute’ p. 4 78. Sudhir Hazareesingh in TLS 16/7/2006 p. 27 79. Montefiore, Jerusalem p. 315, CG2 no. 4280 p. 874 80. CG2 no. 3112 p. 399, September 8, 1798 81.CG2 no. 3424 p. 523, October 11, 1798, CG2 no. 3148 p. 414, September 12, 1798 82. CG2 no. 3554 p. 574, October 27, 1798 83. CG2 no. 3557 p. 576, October 27, 1798 84. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 80 85. Prat and Tonkovich, David, Delacroix p. 44 86. CG2 no. 3529, p. 564, October 23, 1798 87. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 8188. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 50, CG2 no. 3557 p. 576, October 27, 1798 89. CG2 no. 3656, p. 613, November 11, 1798 90. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 238 91. Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt pp. 260–64 92. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 123, Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt pp. 260–64 93. Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt p. 42794. CG2 no.3740 p. 647, November 18, 1798 95. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 239 96. Derogy and Carmel, Bonaparte en Terre Sainte p. 99 97. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 35 98. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 37

8. ACRE

Napoleon’s Military Maxim comes from ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 83 Napoleon’s Caesar’s Wars comes from CN32 p. 44 1. CG2 no. 4235 p. 849, February 10, 1799 2. CG2 no. 4235 p. 850, February 10, 1799 3. CG2 no. 4167 p. 817, January 25, 1799 4. Derogy and Carmel, Bonaparte en Terre Sainte, pp. 102–4 5. CG2 no. 4235 p. 850, February 10, 1799 6. Shmuelevitz, Napoleon and the French in Egypt p. 19 7. CG2 no. 4265 p. 867, February 27, 1799 8. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 140 9. ed. Sanderson, Bourrienne’s Memoirs p. 81 10. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 54 11. CG2 no. 4265 p. 867, February 27, 1799 12. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 60 13. ed. Brindle,Guns in the Desert p. 64 14. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 66 15. Montefiore, Jerusalem p. 316, ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 67, ed. Weit, Nicolas Turc p. 53 16. ed. Jourquin, Journal I p. 280 17. CG2 no. 4271 p. 870, March 9, 1797 18. Berthier, Relation des campagnes p. 56 19. ed. Quentin, André Peyrusse p. 55, Jonquière,L’Expédition IV p. 271 20. Coxe, The Exposé p. 61 21. ed. Millet, Le Chasseur Pierre Millet p. 262 22. For the numbers debate, see CG2 no. 4271 p. 870 n. 3, Jonquière, L’Expédition IV pp. 270–71, Herold, Bonaparte in Egypt p. 306, eds. Tortel and Carlier, Bonaparte de Toulon p. 158, Rose, Napoleon I p. 201, Anon., ‘The French Expedition’ p. 197, ed. Brindle,Guns in the Desert p. 68, Plumptre, A Narrative p. 276, Lavalette, Memoirs p. 52, Berthier, Relation des campagnes p. 56, ed. Millet, Le Chasseur Pierre Millet Appendix XV p. 262, Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt p. 328 23. Ebrington, Memorandum pp. 18–19 24. Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 181 25. Jonquière, L’Expédition IV p. 273, Rose,Napoleon I p. 201 26. Chandler, Campaigns of Napoleon p. 236, Plumptre, A Narrative p. 286n 27. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 250 28. CG2 no. 4277, pp. 872–3, March 9, 1799 29. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. xix 30. ed. Jourquin, Journal I p. 281 31. ed. Bulos, Bourrienne et ses erreurs I p. 44 32. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 78 33.Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 78 34. CG2 no. 4294 p. 881, March 13, 1799 35. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 77 36. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 59 37. CG2 no. 4346 p. 911, May 10, 1799 38. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 58 39. Lavalette, Memoirs pp. 60–61 40. Lockhart, History of Napoleon I p. 150 41. Sparrow, Secret Service p. 191 42. ed. Wilson,Diary p. 88 43. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 90, Coxe, The Exposé passim 44. CG2 no. 4346 p. 910, May 10, 1799 45. ed. Davis, Original Journals I pp. 215–16 46. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 246 47. CG2 no. 4362 p. 920, May 27, 1799 48. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 69–70 49. Smith, The French Expedition p. x 50. ed. Brindle,Guns in the Desert p. 9351. Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt p. 6 52. ed. Iung, Lucien Bonaparte II ch. 14 53. Friedman, ‘On the Affair’ pp. 65–77 54. Rose, Napoleon I p. 211 55. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 99 56. For the Jaffa plague debate see Lavalette, Memoirs p. 63, Desgenettes, Histoire médicales pp. 104–5, ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert pp. 99–106, ed. Bulos,Bourrienne et ses erreurs I pp. 34–5, Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage pp. 83–5, Montefiore, Jerusalem p. 317, Balcombe, To Befriend p. 174, Ebrington, Memorandum p. 18, Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 181, ed. Lewis, Extracts from the Journals II p. 235, Wilson, History pp. 91–2 57. Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 175–6 58. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 176 59. ed. Lewis, Extracts from the Journals II p. 235 60. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 256 61. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 102 62. CG2 no. 4404 p. 940, June 19, 1799 63. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 256 64. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 104 65. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 105 66. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 254, Smith, Data Bookp. 156, Smith, The French Expedition p. 9 67. CG2 no. 4479 p. 972, June 28, 1799 68. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 65 69. CG2 no. 4633 p. 1032, July 21, 1799 70. CG2 no. 4638 p. 1035, July 21, 1799 71. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 113 72. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 66 73. ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert p. 114 74. Smith, Data Book p. 161, CG2 no. 4666 p. 1048 75. CG2 no. 4758 pp. 1086–8 , August 22, 1799 76. Sauzet, Desaix p. 131 77. Strathearn, Napoleon in Egypt pp. 413–14 78. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 30 79. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 75 80. CG2 no. 4757 p. 1085, August 22, 1799 81. CG2 no. 4758 p. 1086, August 22, 1799, ed. Brindle, Guns in the Desert pp. 120 n. 26 82. Davis, Original Journals I p. 263 83. Denon, Travels in Egypt III p. 119 84. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 68 85. CG3 p. 1216 86. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 69 87. Simonetta and Arikha, Napoleon and the Rebel p. 50 88. CN7 no. 15677 p. 809, Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 26 89. CG2 no. 4479 p. 972 n. 2, June 28, 1799 90. Ripaud, Report passim 91.Byrd, ‘Napoleonic Institute of Egypt’ p. 4

9. BRUMAIRE

Napoleon on St Helena comes from ed. Wilson, Diary p. 87 Napoleon on St Helena comes from Las Cases Memoirs I p. 529 1. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 71, ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 83 2. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 7 3. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 8 4. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 1335.Bruce, Napoleon and Josephine p. 274, Mossiker, Napoleon and Josephine pp. 195–200, Stuart, Rose of Martinique pp. 248–51 6. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 71 7. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 14, CN30 p. 305 8. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 13 9. Adams, History of the United States I ch. 14, Dwyer, Talleyrand pp. 73–4 10. ed. Malmesbury,Diaries IV p. 257, eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 133 11. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 50 12. Simonetta and Arikha, Napoleon and the Rebel p. 48 13. CG2 no. 4764 p. 1090, October 31, 1799 14. Bingham, Selection I p. 270 15. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 14, Lefebvre, The Directory p. 213 16. Gildea, Children of the Revolution p. 27 17. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 71 18. Roederer, Autour de Bonaparte p. 3 19. Lyons, France Under the Directory pp. 230–31, Carpenter, Refugees p. 188, Crook, Toulon in War p. 188, Woolf, Napoleon’s Integration p. 254, Vandal, L’Avènement de Bonaparte I pp. 8ff 20. Bertaud, Bonaparte prend le pouvoir pp. 188ff 21. Bingham,Selection I p. 271 22. Rose, Napoleon I p. 218 23. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 17 24. Roederer, Autour de Bonaparte p. 4 25. Simonetta and Arikha, Napoleon and the Rebel p. 53 26. Rose, Napoleon I p. 223 27. Lefebvre, The Directory p. 214 28. CN30, p. 311 29. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 73 30. CN30 p. 311 31. Sparrow, Shadow p. 131 32. Cole,Fouché p. 121, Forrest, Napoleon p. 147 33. ed. Plenel, Joseph Fouché p. ix 34. Zweig, Fouché p. 146 35. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 95n 36. ed. Duruy, Memoirs of Barras IV p. 40 37. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 18, CN30 p. 307 38. CN30 p. 306 39. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 146 40. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 259 41. CG7 no. 15126 p. 562, April 6, 1807 42.eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 135 43. Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 234 44. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 136 45. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 74, Goodspeed, Bayonets p. 107, Forrest, Napoleon p. 123 46. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 75, CN30 p. 306, Gildea, Children of the Revolution p. 27, Lyons, France Under the Directory p. 231, Crook,Napoleon Comes to Power p. 1 47. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 15 48. CN30, p. 315 49. McLynn, Napoleon p. 216 50. Gueniffey, Le Dix-Huit Brumaire p. 15 51. Gueniffey, Le Dix-Huit Brumaire p. 16 52. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 75 53. Crook, Napoleon Comes to Power p. 2 54. ed. Broglie, Memoirs p. xviii n. 1, Harris Talleyrand p. 11355. CN30 p. 380 56. CN30 p. 381 57. Crook, Napoleon Comes to Power p. 2 58. Bigonnet, Coup d’état p. 23 59. Aulard, Histoire politique p. 699 60. Gildea, Children of the Revolution p. 27 61. Sciout, Le Directoire IV pp. 652–3 62. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 77 63. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 77 64. Berlier, Précis de la Vie pp. 68–9 65.Gildea,Children of the Revolution p. 27, Rose, Napoleon I p. 225, Lyons, France Under the Directory p. 232 66. Rose, Napoleon I p. 224, Roederer, Oeuvres III p. 302 67. Boissonnade, 18 Brumaire p. 93 68. Rose, Napoleon I p. 225 69. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 71 70. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 17 71. ed. Haythornthwaite Final Verdict p. 28772.Lavalette, Memoirs p. 76 73. Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 234 74. CN30 p. 319 75. Schlabrendorf, Bonaparte pp. 13–16 76. CG1 no. 232 p. 196, August 7, 1794 77. Simonetta and Arikha, Napoleon and the Rebel p. 5 78. Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 239 79. Rose, Napoleon I p. 225 80. Aulard, Histoire politique p. 699 81. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 77 82. CG2 no. 4790 p. 1103 n. 2, December 7, 1799 83. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 21 84. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey pp. 17–18 85. Crook, Napoleon Comes to Power p. 3, Rose, Napoleon I p. 226, Lyons, France Under the Directory p. 232 86. Lentz, 18-Brumaire p. 328 87. Gallais, Histoire I p. 90 88. Lentz, 18-Brumaire p. 327 89. Bingham, A Selection I p. 270 90. Lyons, France Under the Directory p. 233 91. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences p. 243

10. CONSUL

The Talleyrand quote is from Bergeron, France Under Napoleon p. 106 Napoleon to Fouché is from CG4 no. 9195 p. 386 1. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 141, Forrest, Napoleon p. 124 2. CN30 p. 306 3. ed. Gaudin, Mémoires p. 45 4. ed. Gaudin, Mémoires p. 45 5. CN6 pp. 6–8 6. Collins, Napoleon and His Parliaments p. 10 7.Rudé,Revolutionary Europe p. 226 8. Rose, Napoleon I pp. 231–2 9. Boulay, Boulay p. 116, Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 227 10. Rose, Napoleon I p. 232 11. Brown, Ending the Revolution p. 301, Carpenter, Refugees p. 188, Lyons, France Under the Directory pp. 233–4 12. CG2 nos. 4766 and 4767 pp. 1091–2, November 15, 179913.Bourrienne, Memoirs I p. 315 14. Thody, French Caesarism p. 36 15. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 60 16. CG3 pp. 1237–47, eds. Laven and Riall, Napoleon’s Legacy p. 2 17. CN32 p. 84 18. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey pp. 34–5, Forrest, Napoleon p. 170 19. France, Constitution de la République Française p. 16 20. Rose, Napoleon I p. 229 21. Gildea, Children of the Revolution p. 28 22. Ellis, Napoleon p. 2 23. Rose, Napoleon I p. 231 24. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey pp. 24–33 25. Broers, Europe under Napoleon p. 51 26. CG2 no. 4817 p. 1115, December 25, 1799 27. Rodger, War of the Second Coalition p. 275 28. CG2 no. 4772 pp. 1094–5, November 24, 1799 29.Ségur,Memoirs p. 152 30. Emsley, Napoleon p. 117 31. Broers, Napoleonic Empire in Italy pp. 23ff 32. Mollien, Mémoires I p. 314 33. Hicks, ‘Late 18th Century’ passim 34. Bertaud, La France p. 38, Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 20, Markham, Napoleon p. 80 35. Cobban, Modern France II p. 13, ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 23 36. ed. Rowe,Collaboration and Resistance p. 21, Forrest, Napoleon p. 132, Jordan, Napoleon and the Revolution p. 5, Gildea, Children of the Revolution p. 28 37. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 59 38. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 61 39. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 63 40. Lyons, France Under the Directory p. 234 41. CN10 no. 8922 p. 674, Emsley, Gendarmes and the State p. 60 42. Emsley, Gendarmes and the State pp. 54–7, Brown, ‘From Organic Society’ p. 693 43. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe p. 6, Forrest, Napoleon pp. 133, 150 44. Brown, Ending the Revolution p. 303 45. CG7 no. 14006 p. 60, January 11, 1807 46.Tomiche,Napoléon Écrivain pp. 208–12, Forrest, ‘Propaganda and the Legitimation of Power’ p. 428 47. Carpenter, Refugees p. xxiii 48. eds. Carpenter and Mansel, The French Émigrés in Europe p. 193, Lewis, France p. 234 49. McPhee, Social History of France p. 86 50. Brown, Ending the Revolution pp. 264–5 51. CG2 no. 4825 p. 1121, December 29, 1799 52. Holtman, Napoleonic Propaganda p. 44, Forrest, Napoleon p. 133 53. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey pp. 37–8 54. ed. Orwicz, Art Criticism p. 23 n. 4 55. Montholon, Captivity II p. 88 56. Bertaud, Napoleon p. 78 57. ed. Orwicz, Art Criticism p. 9 58. Popkin, The Right-Wing Press in France pp. 170–71 59. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 190 60. Holtman, Napoleonic Revolution p. 165 61. Rosen, Napoleon’s Opera-Glass p. 74 62. CG12 no. 31894 p. 1181, October 11, 1812 63. Forrest, Napoleon p. 137, Whitcomb ‘Napoleon’s Prefects’ p. 1101 64. Godechot, Les Instititions p. 590 65. ed. Walter, Las Cases p. xv, eds. Laven and Riall, Napoleon’s Legacy p. 4 66. eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 4, Hicks, ‘The Napoleonic “Police”’ p. 3 67. Woloch, The New Regime p. 430 68. ed. Charles, Victor Marie du Pont p. 37 69. Ramon, Banque de France p. 19, Lefebvre, Napoleon p. 77 70. Bruce, Napoleon and Josephine p. 310 71. Carnavalet Portraits 229 Bonaparte, I^er Consul 72. ed. Lewis, Journals and Correspondence of Miss Berry II pp. 163–5 73. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences pp. 213–14 74. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 74 75. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 252 76. Carnavalet Portraits 229 77. Baldet, La vie quotidienne p. 34 78. CG3 no. 5639 p. 386, September 7, 1800 79. Roederer, Autour de Bonaparte p. 22 80. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 83 81.CG3 no. 5110 p. 148, March 16, 1800

11. MARENGO

Napoleon to the other consuls comes from CG3 no. 5330 p. 254, May 18, 1800 Napoleon’s Caesar’s Wars comes from Rose, Napoleon I p. 187 1. CG3 no. 4903 pp. 55–6, January 25, 1800 2. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 107 3. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 153 4. ed. Summerville, Exploits of the Baron de Marbot p. 39 5. CG3 no. 5198 p. 189, April 25, 1800 6. CG3 no. 5310 p. 245, May 15, 1800 7. CG3 no. 5375 p. 275, May 27, 1800 8. CG3 no. 5350 p. 262, May 19, 1800 9. Uffindell, Napoleon’s Chicken Marengo p. 28 10. CG3 no. 5341 p. 258, May 19, 1800 11. Uffindell, Napoleon’s Chicken Marengo p. 19 12. CG3 no. 5343 p. 259, May 19, 1800 13. Uffindell, Napoleon’s Chicken Marengo p. 31 14. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 62 15. Uffindell, Napoleon’s Chicken Marengo p. 31 16. CG3 no. 5366 p. 272, May 24, 1800 17. CG3 no. 5398 p. 283, June 4, 1800 18. Pierpont Morgan Library MA 6939 19. Smith, Data Book p. 185 20. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 81 21. Gachot, Siège de Gênes passim 22. Masson,Napoléon et les femmes p. 84 23. CG3 no. 5432 p. 300, June 9, 1800 24. ed. Bingham, Selection I pp. 307–8 25. CG2 no. 4633 p. 1032, July 21, 1799 26. CG3 no. 5434 p. 301, June 10, 1799, Smith, Data Book p. 186 27. CG3 no. 5295 p. 238, May 14, 1800 28. Petit, Marengo p. 45 29. Petit, Marengo p. 45 30. Wood, ‘Forgotten Sword’ p. 79 31.Smith, Data Bookpp. 186–7 32. Petit, Marengo p. 46 33. Petit, Marengo p. 27 34. Rouart, Napoléon ou la destinée pp. 127–8 35. Petit, Marengo p. 26 36. Petit, Marengo p. 26 37. Petit, Marengo p. 26 38. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 50 39. Rose, Napoleon I p. 258, ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 156 40. Crowdy,Incomparable pp. 94–7 41. eds. Bertaud et al., Napoléon p. 184 42. Smith, Data Book p. 187 43. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 74 44. CG3 nos. 5553 and 5743 p. 351, July 22, 1800, p. 435, November 4, 1800 45. Smith, Data Book p. 187 46. Innocenti, ‘Souls Not Wanting’ p. 78 47. Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 181 n. 1 48. Rovigo, Mémoires VIII pp. 96–7 49. CG3 no. 5435 p. 301, June 15, 1800 50. Crowdy, Incomparable pp. 94–7, Petit, Marengo p. 47 51. Johnson, Napoleon’s Cavalry p. 28 52. Rose, Napoleon I p. 259 53. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 102 54. Simms, Europe p. 159 55. CG3 no. 5461 p. 313, June 21, 1800 56. Hibbert, Napoleon p. 120

12. LAWGIVER

Napoleon to Chaptal comes from Chaptal, Souvenirs pp. 236–7 Napoleon on St Helena comes from Montholon, Récit I p. 401 1. Chaptal, Souvenirs pp. 236–7 2. CG1 no. 980 pp. 620–21, October 8, 1796 3. Cobban, Modern France II p. 30 4. ed. Crook, Revolutionary France p. 124 5. ed. Hanoteau, Napoleon in Russia p. 392 6. Woloch, New Regime p. 431 7. Pigeard, L’Armée p. 182 8. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 272 9. Antommarchi, Last Days II p. 118, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 270 10. Chaptal, Souvenirs pp. 236–7 11. Bertrand, Cahiers I p. 84, ed. Walter, Las Cases p. x, ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 273, 276 12. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 273 13. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 280 14. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 28015.Bertrand, Cahiers I p. 120 16. Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 237, Roederer, Autour de Bonaparte p. 18 17. Roederer, Autour de Bonaparte p. 16 18. Gibbon, Decline and Fall Bk I ch. 2 19. Bertrand, Cahiers I p. 182 20. O’Meara, Napoleon in Exile II p. 139 21. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 125 22. CN21 no. 17478 p. 566 23.Roederer,Bonaparte me disait p. 87 24. CG3 no. 6359 p. 72 25. Anonymous, The Concordat p. 2 26. Cobban, Modern France II p. 31 27. Rose, Napoleon I p. 281 28. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 130 29. Tulard, Napoleon p. 142, Ségur, Memoirs p. 78, CG3 no. 6882 p. 966, May 2, 1802 30. Mansel, Louis XVIII p. 235, Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 235 31. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 4 32. Daly, Inside Napoleonic France p. 250 33. ed. Baldick, Memoirs of Chateaubriand p. 207 34. Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 232 35. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 405 36. ed. Bredin, Code Civil p. 4, ed. Schwartz, Code Napoleon p. 106 37. ed. Schwartz, Code Napoleon p. 109 n. 44 38. ed. Schwartz,Code Napoleon p. 105 39. ed. Schwartz, Code Napoleon p. 49, eds. Laven and Riall, Napoleon’s Legacy p. 3 40. ed. Schwartz, Code Napoleon p. 104 41. Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 233 42. Holtman, Napoleonic Revolution p. 98 43. ed. Crook, Revolutionary France p. 102 44. ed. Crook, Revolutionary France p. 102 45. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 32 46. Gourgaud, Journal I pp. 390–91, Thody, French Caesarism p. 39 47. Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 236 48. Emsley, Napoleon p. 117 49. McPhee, Social History of France p. 83 50. eds. Dwyer and McPhee, The French Revolution and Napoleon p. 166 51. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 220 52. Rowe, ‘Between Empire and Home Town’ p. 643 53. ed. Crook, Revolutionary France p. 124 54. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 86 55. ed. Crook, Revolutionary France p. 164 56. ed. Crook, Revolutionary France p. 165 57. ed. Boudon, Napoléon et les lycées p. 382 58. ed. Lentz et al., Quand Napoléon p. 411, Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 141, Cobban,Modern France II p. 34 59. ed. Lentz et al., Quand Napoléon p. 410 60. ed. Boudon, Napoléon et les lycées p. 381 61. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 63 62. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 260 63. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 72 64. ed. Bourdon, Napoleon au conseil d’état p. 18 65. Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 231 66. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 136 67. AN 29Ap/75 p. 141 68. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 328 69. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 136 70. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 14 71. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 56 72. Lanzac, Paris sous Napoleon II p. 92 73. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 79 74. Pelet, Napoleon in Council pp. 7–8 75. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 333 76. Rose,Personality of Napoleonp. 136 77. CN32 p. 84

13. PLOTS

Talleyrand on Napoleon comes from Bell, First Total War p. 234 Napoleon to Jourdan comes from CG3 no. 591, p. 513 1. CG3 no. 5476 p. 319, June 29, 1800 2. CG3 no. 5462 p. 314, June 22, 1800 3. Moorehead, Dancing p. 287 4. CG3 no. 5896 p. 505, January 9, 1801 5. Nester, Art of Diplomacy p. 121 6. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 3347.Sparrow, Secret Service pp. 221–2 8. Rapp, Memoirs p. 21 9. Thiry, La machine infernale p. 167, Moniteur 29/12/1800 10. Rose, Napoleon I p. 304, Rapp, Memoirs p. 21 11. Sparrow, Secret Service p. 219 12. Rose, Napoleon I p. 303 13. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 325 14. Sparrow, Secret Service p. 217 15. Sparrow, Secret Service pp. 219–2116.Sparrow, Secret Service p. 222 17. Rose, Napoleon I p. 304, Roederer, Bonaparte me disait pp. 65–70 18. Thibaudeau, Bonaparte and the Consulate p. 75 19. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 331 20. Thibaudeau, Bonaparte and the Consulate p. 75 21. Bonaparte, Confidential Correspondence II p. 23 22. CG4 no. 9450 p. 978, December 17, 180423.Brown, Ending the Revolution p. 326, eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 83 24. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 124 25. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 177 26. Rovigo, Mémoires I p. 364 27. Davies, Vanished Kingdoms p. 510 28. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 211 29. Brown, Ending the Revolution p. 347 30. ed. Bingham,SelectionI p. 341 31. ed. Charles, Victor Marie du Pont pp. 27–8 32. ed. Charles, Victor Marie du Pont p. 28 33. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 55 34. Rose, Napoleon I pp. 263, 310 35. ed. Wilson, A Diary p. 37 36. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 350 37. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 294 38. CG3 no. 6233 p. 664, April 24, 1801 39. The Times3/10/1801 40.Ragsdale, Détente p. 105 41. ed. Malmesbury, Series of Letters II p. 11 42. Authority, Preliminary Articles passim 43. Rose, Napoleon I p. 315 44. ed. Sadler, Diary I p. 105 45. Barnett, Bonaparte p. 78 46. Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 147 47. ed. Fleischmann, Mémoires p. 490, Mowat, Diplomacy of Napoleon p. 103 48.eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 2 49. Philip Mansel in TLS 23/11/2001 p. 18 50. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 373 51. Stark, ‘Society: Friend or Enemy’ p. 120, James, The Black Jacobins p. 8, ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 373, Zamoyski, Holy Madness p. 124, ed. Nesbitt, Toussaint L’Ouverture p. xiii 52. Dubois, Colony of Citizens pp. 121, 21453. Branda and Lentz, Napoléon, l’esclavage p. 49, CG3 no. 6647 p. 853, November 18, 1801 54. CG2 no. 4486 p. 975, June 25, 1799, Ott, Haitian Revolution p. 139 55. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 375 56. Ott, Haitian Revolution p. 147 57. Ott, Haitian Revolution p. 147 58. Ott, Haitian Revolution p. 146 59. James,Black Jacobins p. 269, Boudon, Les habits neuf p. 36, Dumas, Memoirs I p. 64, Branda and Lentz, Napoléon, l’esclavage p. 112, Stark, ‘Society: Friend or Enemy’ p. 120 60. Herold, The Mind of Napoleon p. 5 61. CG3 no. 6627 p. 841, October 31, 1801 62. Tulard, Dictionnaire amoureux p. 204 63. Edinburgh Review No. XIII pp. 244–6 64. Ott,Haitian Revolution pp. 178–9, Dubois, Colony of Citizens p. 403, ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 5 65. Ott, Haitian Revolution p. 159 66. Tulard, Dictionnaire amoureux p. 205 67. CG3 no. 7317 p. 1168, November 27, 1802 68. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 224 69. eds. Ambrose and Martin, Many Faces pp. 241–2, Rose, Napoleon I p. 363 70. ed. Nesbitt, Toussaint L’Ouverture pp. vii–xxv 71. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 112 72. ed. Hanoteau, With Napoleon in Russia p. 305

14. AMIENS

Napoleon to Roederer comes from Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 81 Napoleon to Eugène comes from CG5 no. 10224 p. 386, June 7, 1805 1. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 258 2. Lentz, Le Grand Consultat pp. 264–8, Fraser, Venus of Empire p. 103 3. CG3 no. 5942 p. 528, January 19, 1801 4. ed. Tulard, Cambacérès: lettres inédites II pp. 19–205.Connelly, Napoleon’s Satellite Kingdoms p. 2 6. ed. Chatel de Brancion, Cambacérès I p. 7 7. Rose, Napoleon I pp. 319–20 8. Villefosse and Bouissounouse, Scourge of the Eagle passim 9. TLS 4/8/1972 p. 912 10. CG3 no. 6827 p. 939, March 22, 1802 11. Buhl MSS 110 Box 1 fol. 2 p. 19 12. Grainger, Amiens Truce p. 211 13. Jenkins, French Navy p. 241 14. Burrows, French Exile Journalism p. 121 15. CG3 no. 6632 p. 845, November 2, 1801 16. ed. Foster, The Two Duchesses p. 173 17. ed. Lewis, Extracts II p. 186, Alger, ‘British Visitors’ p. 254 18. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 22 19. Alger, ‘British Visitors’ pp. 740–41 20. BL Add. MS 51799 ff. 54–5 21. ed. North, Napoleon on Elbap. 49, Lockhart, Napoleon I pp. 264–5 22. Rose, Napoleon I p. 321 23. Daly, Inside Napoleonic France p. 251, ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 136 24. ed. Rowe, Collaboration and Resistance pp. 22–5, eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 65 25. Holland, Foreign Reminiscences p. 194 26. CG3 no. 6948 p. 998, June 19, 1802 27.CG3 no. 6366 p. 729, June 16, 1801 28. CG3 no. 6892 p. 970, May 15, 1802 29. CG3 no. 6983 p. 1014, July 3, 1802 30. Rose, Napoleon I p. 389 31. eds. Lewis and Lucas, Beyond the Terror p. 238 32. Rose, Napoleon I pp. 324–5 33. CG3 no. 7142 pp. 1089–90, September 5, 1802 34. Grab, ‘The Geopolitical Transformation’ pp. 21–2235. CG3 no. 7174 pp. 1105–6, September 23, 1802 36. Bertrand, Cahiers I p. 93 37. Rose, Napoleon I p. 392 38. TLS 3/2/2012 p. 4 39. Atteridge, Marshal Ney pp. 71–2 40. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 21 41. Cobban, Modern France II pp. 49–52 42. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 132 43. Cobban, Modern France II p. 49 44. Cobban, Modern France II p. 51 45. Burrows,French Exile Journalism p. 109 46. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 308, CG3 no. 6749 pp. 899–900, February 2, 1802 47. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 308 48. Burrows, French Exile Journalism pp. 110–11 49. PRO FO 27/66 28 August 1802 50. Darnton, The Devil in the Holy Water pp. 43–5 51. CG3 no. 5490 p. 326, July 4, 1800, Englund,Napoleon pp. 258–9 52. Bryant, ‘Graphic Warriors’ p. 17 53. Champfleury, Histoire de la caricature IV pp. 247–397, Buhl MSS 110 Box 1 fol. 3 frontispiece 54. Ashton, English Caricature passim 55. Plumptre, Narrative, p. 245 56. Yale Center, ‘Nelson and Anti-Napoleon Verse’ passim 57. Moniteur of 8/8/1802, 9/10/1802, 6/11/1802, 1/1/1803, 9/1/1803, 28/2/1803, 3/3/1803 58. Burrows, French Exile Journalism p. 117 59. CG3 no. 6294 p. 988, June 1, 1802, CG4 no. 7503 p. 62, March 3, 1805 60. eds. Carpenter and Mansel, French Émigrés p. 56, Ashton, English Caricature I p. 174, Welschinger, La censure p. 86, Peltier, Trial of John Peltier p. xviii 61.Welschinger, La censure p. 14362. CG4 no. 7425 p. 30, January 15, 1803 63. CG3, no. 7173 pp. 1104–5, September 22, 1802 64. CG3 no. 7386 p. 1199, December 28, 1802 65. Grainger, Amiens Truce p. 210 66. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 35 67. Thibaudeau, Bonaparte and the Consulate p. 119 68. Cobban, Modern France II p. 41 69.Aubry, St Helena p. 214 70. ed. Bingham,Selection II p. 5 71. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 6 72. Wilson, War, Society and State p. 25 73. Mowat, Diplomacy of Napoleon pp. 108–9 74. CG4 no. 7515 p. 68, March 11, 1803 75. ed. Browning, England and Napoleon p. 116 76. Madelin, Consulate and the Empire p. 182 77. Rovigo, Mémoires II p. 457 78. ed. Browning, England and Napoleon p. 116 79. Alison, History of Europe V p. 109 80. ed. Browning, England and Napoleon p. ix 81. CG4 no. 7521 p. 74, March 13, 1803 82. CG4 no. 7516 p. 69, March 11, 1803 83. CG4 no. 7573 p. 100, April 14, 1803 84. CG4 no. 7629 p. 127, May 10, 1803 85. ed. Bingham, Selection II pp. 11–1286. Brooks’s Club Betting Book 87.Hozier, Invasions of England p. 312 88. ed. Malmesbury, Diaries IV p. 253 89. ed. Malmesbury, Diaries IV p. 258 90. CG4 nos. 7778, 7793 p. 193, July 3, 1803, p. 200, July 7, 1803 91. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 175 92. CG4 no. 7683 p. 151, May 29, 1803 93. Simms, Europe p. 159 94. Barbé-Marbois, History of Louisiana pp. 270–75 95.Rose, Napoleon I p. 372 96. DeConde, This Affair of Louisiana p. 162 97. DeConde, This Affair of Louisiana p. 166 98. TLS 20/2/2004 p. 10 99. Ziegler, Sixth Great Power p. 71, Mowat, Diplomacy of Napoleon p. 142 n. 1 100. DeConde, This Affair of Louisiana p. 173

15. CORONATION

Napoleon on the Duc d’Enghien comes from eds. Forrest and Wilson, The Bee and the Eagle p. 117 Napoleon to the Conseil d’État comes from ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 240 1. CG4 no. 7813 p. 209, July 11, 1803 2. CG4 no. 8217 p. 426, November 5, 1803 3. Hughes, Forging Napoleon’s Grande Armée p. 10 4. Wheeler and Broadley,Napoleon and the Invasion I p. x 5. Peter Mandler in TLS 7/7/2006 p. 9, Pelet Napoleon in Council p. 39, Anon, ‘Descente en Angleterre’ pp. 43–4 6. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 87, Ségur, Memoirs pp. 101–3 7. Hozier, Invasions of England p. 313 8. Ségur, Memoirs p. 124 9. SHD GR2.C/571 10. Pelet Napoleon in Council p. 39, ed. Bingham,Selection II p. 32 11. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 81, Knight, Britain Against Napoleon p. 251 12. Desbrière, Projets et tentatives IV p. 3, Jenkins, French Navy p. 245 13. Jenkins, French Navy p. 240 14. CG4 no. 9025 p. 779, July 27, 1804 15. Ségur, Memoirs p. 128 16. CG4 no. 7847 p. 223, July 22, 1803 17. CG4 nos. 8285, 7988 p. 452, November 17, 1803, p. 317, September 1, 1803 18. CG4 no. 7914 p. 258, August 8, 1803 19. ed. Bingham, Selection II pp. 32–3 20. CG4 no. 8096 p. 369, October 1, 1803 21. CG4 no. 8251, p. 439, November 11, 1803 22. CG4 no. 8457 p. 557, January 3, 1804 23. CG4 no. 8313 p. 463, November 23, 1803 24. CG4 no. 8347 p. 478, November 29, 1803 25. CG3 no. 7259 p. 1145, November 2, 1802 26. CG4 no. 8253 p. 440, November 12, 1803 27. CG4 no. 8273 p. 448, November 16, 1803 28. CG4 no. 8614 p. 583, January 24, 1804 29. CG4 no. 8593 p. 575, January 13, 1804 30. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 69 31. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 70 32. Knight, Britain Against Napoleonpp. 251–61 33. ed. Lloyd, Keith Papers III p. 31, Pocock, Terror Before Trafalgar p. 106 34. Rovigo, Mémoires II p. 25 35. Ségur, Memoirs p. 100 36. Pocock, Terror Before Trafalgar pp. 110–11 37. Sparrow, Shadow of the Guillotine p. 164 38. NYPL Napoleon I folder 1 39. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 106 40. Pocock,Terror Before Trafalgar p. 131 41. CG4 no. 8717 p. 628, 8 March, 1804 42. Pocock, Terror Before Trafalgar pp. 132–3, Ségur, Memoirs p. 99 43. Ségur, Memoirs p. 100 44. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 87, Ségur, Memoirs pp. 101–3 45. CG4 no. 8679 p. 614, February 19, 1804 46. CG4 no. 8681 p. 615, February 20, 1804 47. Pocock, Terror Before Trafalgar pp. 133–4 48.Ségur, Memoirs p. 104 49. Ségur, Memoirs p. 105 50. Bourrienne, Memoirs p. 289 51. CG4 no. 8718 p. 629, March 9, 1804 52. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 110, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 146, ed. Chatel de Brancion, Cambacérès: Mémoires I pp. 710–11 53. Rovigo, Mémoires II pp. 52–3 54. Ségur, Memoirs p. 10655. Rémusat, Memoirs I pp. 126–31, Ségur, Memoirs p. 117 56. Welschinger, Le duc d’Enghien pp. 219–39 57. Pocock, Terror Before Trafalgar p. 135 58. Bertaud, Le duc d’Enghien p. 320 59. eds. Forrest and Wilson, The Bee and the Eagle p. 117 60. CG4 no. 8751 p. 649, March 20, 1804 61. Las Cases, Le Mémorial II pp. 622, Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 177–8, Ségur, Memoirs pp. 118–19, 122 62. Ebrington, Memorandum p. 16, Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 122 63. Cole, The Betrayers p. 43 64. CG4 no. 8749 p. 648, March 20, 1804 65. Ségur, Memoirs p. 112 66. Ségur, Memoirs p. 112 67. Ségur, Memoirs p. 121 68. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 30 69. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 45 70. CG4 no. 8870 p. 704, May 13, 1804 71. Pelet, Napoleon in Council pp. 46–7 72. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 49 73. Ségur, Memoirs p. 122 74. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 54 75. Ségur, Memoirs p. 122 76. Sparrow, Secret Service p. 293 77. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 55 78. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 32 79. CG4 no. 9100 p. 817, August 14, 1804 80. CG5 no. 10845 p. 716, September 19, 1805 81. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 58 82. Ségur, Memoirs p. 124 83. Pelet, Napoleon in Council pp. 59–60 84. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 55, eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 14 n. 7 85. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 66 86. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 71 87. Tissot, Souvenirs historiques pp. 34–5 88. CG4 no. 8804 p. 672, April 14, 1804 89. Lentz, Napoléon et la conquête p. 50 90. CG4 no. 8938 p. 738, June 14, 1804 91. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 211 92. CG4 no. 9039 p. 785, July 30, 1804 93. CG5 no. 10037 p. 300, May 13, 1805 94. CG5 no. 9877 p. 224, April 22, 1805 95. Fraser, Venus of Empire pp. 102–3 96. CG4 no. 8789 p. 666, April 6, 1804 97. Fraser, Venus of Empire p. 119 98. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 236 99. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 114 100. Gallaher, ‘Davout and Napoleon’ p. 3 101. Currie, The Bâton p. 11, ed. Chandler, Napoleon’s Marshals p. xxxix 102. Jourquin, Dictionnaire des Marechaux pp. 54–5 103. ed. Chandler, Napoleon’s Marshals p. 442 104.Jourquin, Dictionnaire des Marechaux p. 116 105. Jourquin, Dictionnaire des Marechaux p. 116 106. Rose, Napoleon I p. 24 107. Moreau, Bonaparte and Moreau p. 25 108. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 87 109. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 53 110. Ségur, Memoirs p. 100111. Pocock, Terror Before Trafalgar p. 143 112. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 80 113. ed. Lentz, Le Sacre de Napoléon p. 105 114. Fraser, The War Drama p. 3 115. Fraser, The War Drama p. 9 116. MacCulloch, History of Christianity p. 811 117. Cobban, Modern France II p. 16 118. eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 14 n. 11119. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 65 120. Gonneville,Recollections I p. 59 121. Paris, Napoleon’s Legion p. 13 122. Hughes, Forging Napoleon’s Grande Armée p. 3 123. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 131 124. Paris, Napoleon’s Legion pp. 17–18, Thibaudeau, Mémoires ch. 26 125. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 134 126.D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 248 127. CG4 no. 9015 p. 775, July 21, 1804 128. CG4 no. 9223 p. 874, September 15, 1804 129. CG4 no. 9310 p. 917, October 6, 1804 130. CG4 nos. 9318–34 pp. 920–27, October 7, 1804 131. CG4, no. 8473 p. 529, December 19, 1803 132. CG4 no. 8924 p. 729, May 30, 1804 133. ed. Tulard, Cambacérès: lettres inédites I p. 190 134. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 48 135. Rose, Personality of Napoleon p. 130 136. ed. Bingham, Selection III pp. 5–6 137. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 112 138. Nester, ‘Napoleon, Family Values’ p. 106 139. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 108 140. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 113 141. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 114 142. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait p. 114 143. CG4 nos. 9007, 9009 pp. 772–3, 17 July, 1804, p. 773, 18 July 1804 144. CG5 no. 10342 p. 452, June 24, 1805 145. ed. Castle, Stanley Kubrick’s Napoleon p. 197 146. CG5 no. 9973 p. 266, May 4, 1805 147. Masson, Napoleon and his Coronation p. 225 148. Masson, Napoleon and his Coronation p. 220 149. Thiard, Souvenirs p. 5 150. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 27151. Masson, Napoleon and his Coronation p. 230 152. Knapton, Empress Josephine p. 151 153. Parker, ‘Why Did Napoleon’ p. 136 154. Masson, Napoleon and his Coronation p. 310 155. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 263 156. Knapton, Empress Josephinep. 228 157. Brookner, Jacques-Louis David p. 153 158. Anon., Description des cérémoniesp. 5 159. Prat and Tonkovich, David, Delacroix p. 28, Brookner, Jacques-Louis David p. 153 160. Knapton, Empress Josephine p. 229 161. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 31 162. Masson, Napoleon and his Coronation p. 230 163. ed. Yonge, Marshal Bugeaud p. 22 164. Sudhir Hazareesingh in TLS 12/2/2005 p. 11

16. AUSTERLITZ

Napoleon’s quote from Caesar’s Wars comes from CN32 p. 82 Napoleon’s letter to Decrès comes from CG5 no. 10618 p. 594 1. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict pp. 215–16 2. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 120 3. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 139 4. Hughes, Forging Napoleon’s Grande Armée p. 20 5. CG4 no. 8731 pp. 637–8, March 12, 1804 6. Sherwig, Guineas and Gunpowder pp. 345, 368 7. CG5 nos. 9485, 10200 p. 22, 2 January, 1805, p. 375, 3 June, 1805 8. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 103 9. CG5 no. 9536 p. 50, January 30, 1805 10. CG5 no. 9566 p. 63, February 16, 1805 11. CG5 no. 10009 p. 287, May 9, 1805 12. CG5 no. 10163 p. 358, May 30, 1805 13. Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 184–5 14. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 429 15. CG5 no. 9700 pp. 136–7, March 17, 1805 16. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 289 17. Hibbert, Napoleon p. 296 18. CG5 no. 10137 p. 348, May 27, 1805 19. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 34 20. Schneid, Soldiers p. 7 21. CG5 no. 10224 p. 386, June 7, 1805 22. Connelly, Satellite Kingdomsp. 2 23. CG5 no. 10303 p. 433, June 19, 1805 24. ed. Hinard, Dictionnaire-Napoleon p. 200 25. CG5 no. 10427 pp. 495–6, July 20 1805 26. CG5 no. 10474 p. 520, July 28, 1805 27. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 155 28. CG5 no. 10412 pp. 489–90, July 16, 1805 29. CG5 no. 10493 p. 530, August 3, 1805 30. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 45 31.Ségur, Memoirs p. 146 32. CG5 no. 10554 p. 561, August 13, 1805 33. CG5 no. 10561 pp. 565–7, August 13, 1805 34. Ibid. 35. CG5 no. 10562 p. 568, August 13, 1805 36. Ségur, Memoirs p. 146 37. Ségur, Memoirs p. 147 38. Muir, Tactics and the Experience of Battle p. 146 39. eds. Olsen and van Creveld, Evolution of Operational Art pp. 22–340. Abel, ‘Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte’ p. 37, Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 28 41. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 60 42. CG5 no. 10661 p. 620, August 25, 1805 43. Ségur, Memoirs p. 154, Schneid, Napoleon’s Conquest of Europe p. 93 44. Ségur, Memoirs p. 148 45. CG5 no. 10629 pp. 598–600, August 22, 180546. ed. Bingham, Selection II, p. 147 47. CG5 no. 10516, pp. 541–2, August 6, 1805 48. CG5 no. 10729 p. 659, September 1, 1805 49. CG5 no. 10786 p. 685, September 12, 1805 50. CG5 no. 10756 p. 673, September 7, 1805 51. eds. Kagan and Higham, Military History of Tsarist Russia p. 110 52. CG5 no. 10775 p. 680, September 10, 1805 53.CG5 no. 10887 p. 742, September 28, 1805 54. Pelet, Napoleon in Council pp. 282–3 55. Ségur, Memoirs p. 153 56. Ségur, Memoirs p. 154 57. CG5 no. 10917 pp. 757–8, October 2, 1805 58. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 75 59. CG5 no. 10561 pp. 565–7, August 13, 1805 60. CG5 no. 10960 p. 778, October 4, 1805 61. Ségur, Memoirs p. 161 62.ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 11 63.ed. Davis, Original Journals II p. 6 64. ed. Davis, Original Journals II p. 19 65. CG5 no. 10998 p. 797, October 12, 1805 66. Ségur, Memoirs p. 172 67. Ségur, Memoirs p. 173 68. ed. Davis, Original Journals II p. 10 69. Ségur, Memoirs p. 175 70. Rapp, Memoirs p. 34 71. CG5 no. 11018 p. 808, October 19, 1805 72. ed. Davis, Original Journals II p. 10 73. Rapp, Memoirs p. 37, Smith, Data Book p. 205 74. Rapp, Memoirs p. 38 75. CG5 no. 11018 p. 808, October 19, 1805 76. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 20 77. Ségur, Memoirs p. 188, ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 159 78. Rovigo, Mémoires II p. 153 79. Rapp, Memoirs p. 38 80. ed. Markham,Imperial Glory p. 20 81. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe p. 113 82. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 236 83. Rodger, Second Coalition p. 227 84. CG5 no. 11067 p. 830, November 2, 1805 85. Ségur, Memoirs p. 196 86. ed. Davis, Original Journals II p. 29 87. ed. Davis, Original Journals II p. 29 88. Rapp, Memoirs pp. 59–62 89. Ségur, Memoirs p. 20290. Ségur, Memoirs p. 205 91. CG5 no. 11101 p. 850, November 15, 1805 92. Billings, ‘Napoleon’ p. 79, ed. Jennings, Croker Papers I pp. 340–41 93. Ségur, Memoirs p. 207 94. Ségur, Memoirs p. 208 95. Ségur, Memoirs p. 208 96. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 154 97. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 154 98. Ségur, Memoirs p. 208 99. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 149 100. CG5 no. 11148 p. 875, December 5, 1805 101. Rovigo, Mémoires II p. 196, Ségur, Memoirs p. 210 102. Rovigo, Mémoires II p. 198 103. CG5 no. 11138 p. 869, November 30, 1805 104. Muir, Tactics and the Experience of Battle p. 155 105. ed. Yonge, Memoirs of Bugeaud I p. 38 106. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 15 & n 107. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 54 108. ed. Bell, Baron Lejeune I pp. 27–8 109. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 151 110. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 152 111. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 153 112. Ibid. 113. Ibid. 114. Haythornthwaite, Napoleonic Cavalry p. 119 115. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 56 116. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 57 117. Thiard, Souvenirs p. 231 118. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot, p. 58, ed. Garnier, Dictionnaire p. 104 119. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 58 120. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 222 121. Bourne, History of Napoleon p. 360 122. Smith, Data Book p. 217 123. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 149124. CG5 no. 11144 p. 873, December 3, 1805

17. JENA

The quote about Prussia comes from Gray, In the Words p. 188 Napoleon to Joseph comes from CG6 no. 12758 p. 734, August 20, 1806 1. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 60 2. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 62 3. CG5 no. 11146 p. 873, December 4, 1805 4. ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale p. 69 5. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 64 6. ed. Wilson, Diary p. 42 7. CG5 no. 11149 p. 876, December 5, 1805 8. ed. Bertrand, Lettres de Talleyrand pp. 209–12 9. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 183 10. Horne, Age of Napoleon p. 57 11. Pelet, Napoleon in Council pp. 283–4 12. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 302 13. CG5 no. 11186 p. 892, December 15, 1805 14. CG5 no. 11223 p. 910, December 25, 1805 15. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 209 16. Dwyer, Talleyrand p. 100 17. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 213 18. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 54 19. Connelly, Satellite Kingdoms p. 9 20. Connelly, Satellite Kingdoms p. 10 21. CG6 no. 12235 p. 491, June 6, 1806 22.CG5 no. 11241 p. 920, December 31, 1805 23. CG6 no. 12823 p. 768, August 31, 1806 24. CG7 no. 14927 p. 471, March 27, 1807 25. Schneid, Conquest of Europe p. 143 26. Schneid, Conquest of Europe p. 143 27. Branda, ‘Did the War’ p. 132 28. Branda, ‘Did the War’ p. 132 29. Branda, ‘Did the War’ pp. 135–7 30. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 27531. Branda, ‘Did the War’ p. 135 32. Gates, ‘The Wars of 1812’ p. 45 33. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 64 34. CG6 no. 11335 p. 63, January 27, 1806 35. CG5 no. 11161 p. 880, December 12, 1805 36. CG6 no. 12223 p. 484, June 5, 1806 37. CG6 no. 12785 p. 752, August 23, 1806 38. Israel, The Dutch Republic pp. 1127–9 39.Israel, The Dutch Republic p. 1130 40. Connelly, Satellite Kingdoms p. 13 41. CG6 no. 13871 pp. 1284–5, December 15, 1806 42. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 339 43. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 144 44. CG6 no. 11815 p. 289, April 1, 1806 45. CG6 no. 11833 p. 297, April 8, 1806 46. AN AF/IV/1231 47. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 57, ed. Castle, Stanley Kubrick’s Napoleonp. 195 48. CAD P11778/16–18 49. CAD P11778 50. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 255 51. CG6 no. 12748 p. 729, August 18, 1806 52. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 258 53. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 272 54. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 272 55. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 273 56. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 20557. CG6 no. 11655 p. 213, March 12, 1806 58. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 263 59. CG6 no. 11898 pp. 325–6, April 14, 1806 60. CG6 no. 12023 p. 388, April 30, 1806 61. CG6 no. 12206 p. 475, May 31, 1806 62. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 226 63. Markham, ‘Was Napoleon an Anti-Semite?’ passim, eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 296 64.Moniteur May 22, 1799 65. eds. Brenner et al., Jewish Emancipation Reconsidered p. 80 66. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 251 67. Benbassa, The Jews of France p. 88 68. Weider, ‘Napoleon and the Jews’ p. 3 69. Weider, ‘Napoleon and the Jews’ p. 2 70. Schwarzfuchs, Napoleon, the Jews pp. 125–30 71. Lentz, La France et l’Europe pp. 254–8, eds. Brenner et al., Jewish Emancipation Reconsidered p. 196 72. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 299 73. Mauduit, Les derniers jours II p. 39 74. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 277 75. Hazareesingh, The Saint-Napoleon pp. 3–4 76. Koebner, Empire p. 282 77. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 303 78. Simms, The Impact of Napoleon p. 291 79.Simms, The Impact of Napoleon p. 292 80. Simms, The Impact of Napoleon p. 295 81. CG6 no. 12643 pp. 684–5, August 2, 1806 82. CG6 no. 12642 p. 684, August 2, 1806 83. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 270 84. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 271 85. CG6 no. 12646 p. 686, August 5, 1806 86. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 301 87. ed. Summerville,Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 67 88. ed. Handel, Leaders and Intelligence p. 42 89. CG6 no. 12897 p. 816, September 10, 1806 90. Lentz, Napoléon et la conquête p. 327 91. Maude, Jena Campaign pp. 118–19 92. Maude, Jena Campaign p. 121 n. 1 93. Rapp, Memoirs p. 73 94. Napoleonic Historical Society Newsletter (Berthier Supplement) May 2014 p. 13 95. Rapp, Memoirs p. 74 96. CG6 no. 13259 p. 999, October 12, 1806 97. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 305 98. Hayman, ‘France Against Prussia’ p. 188 99. Hayman, ‘France Against Prussia’ p. 194 100. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 306 101. Hayman, ‘France Against Prussia’ p. 188 102. Paret,Cognitive Challenge of War p. 21 103. Paret,Cognitive Challenge of War p. 21 104. Gallaher, Iron Marshal, p. 26 105. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 135 106. Jomini, Summary p. 73 107. Smith, Data Book pp. 225–6 108. Cook, ‘Bernadotte 1806’ (unpaged) 109. Rapp, Memoirs p. 86 110. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 123–4 111. CG6 no. 13312 p. 1023, October 23, 1806, Palmer, Bernadotte p. 135, Cook, ‘Bernadotte 1806’ (unpaged) 112. CG6 no. 13267 pp. 1003–4, October 15, 1806

18. BLOCKADES

Captain Blaze quote comes from Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 183 Napoleon’s maxim comes from ed. Chandler, Napoleon’s Military Maxims p. 204 1. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 125 2. Butterfield, Peace Tactics of Napoleon p. 7 3. CG6 no. 12684 p. 701, August 8, 1806 4. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 64 5. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 76 6. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 263 7. CG6 no. 13318 p. 1028, October 23, 1806 8. CG6 no. 13915 p. 1303, December 31, 1806 9. Rovigo, Mémoires II pp. 287–8 10. Rapp, Memoirs p. 94 11. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 307, ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 97, ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 267 12. Rapp, Memoirs pp. 107–8 13.Rovigo,Mémoires II p. 317 14. CG6 no. 13355 p. 1037, October 25, 1806 15. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 97 16. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 97 17. CG6 no. 13482 p. 1106, November 6, 1806 18. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 101 19. Coignet, Captain Coignet p. 133 20. ed. Sage, Private Diaries of Stendhal p. 253 21. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 57 22. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 308 23. CG6 no. 13426 p. 1076, November 3, 1806 24. CG6 no. 13413 p. 1070, November 2, 1806 25. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 10 26. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 49 27. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 230, Melvin, Napoleon’s Navigation System p. 5 n. 6 28. Rudé,Revolutionary Europe p. 250 29. CG6 no. 13743 p. 1222, December 3, 1806 30. CN28 11010, 11064, 11093, 11217 and 11271 31. Melvin, Napoleon’s Navigation System p. 14 32. Mollien, Mémoires II p. 444 33. Edinburgh Review No. 23 April, 1808 p. 228 34. TLS 15/2/1923 p. 99, ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 329 n. 1 35. TLS 15/2/1923 p. 9936. Melvin,Napoleon’s Navigation System p. 11 n. 13 37. Rapp, Memoirs pp. 158–61 38. CG7 no. 16785 p. 1310, November 13, 1807 39. eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 7 40. Knight, Britain Against Napoleon pp. 402–4, ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 113 41. Knight, Britain Against Napoleon p. 403 42. Gates, ‘The Wars of 1812’ p. 46, Knight, Britain Against Napoleon p. 404 43. Lentz, Napoléon et la conquête p. 265 44. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 7 45. CG8 no. 17215 p. 165, February 18, 1808 46. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 45 47. Gray, Spencer Perceval pp. 45–6 48. Conservative History Journal II, Issue 1, Autumn 2012 p. 40 49. Summerville,Napoleon’s Polish Gamblep. 36 50. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 124 51. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 38 52. CG6 no. 13719 p. 1213, December 2, 1806 53. Ibid. 54. Rapp, Memoirs p. 119 55. Rapp, Memoirs p. 120 56. Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 23 57. Ibid. 58. CG6 no. 13739 p. 1220, December 3, 1806 59. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 47 60. Rapp,Memoirs p. 128 61. Esdaile, ‘Recent Writing on Napoleon’ p. 211 62. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 136 63. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 57 64. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble pp. 56–7 65. Percy, Journal des Campagnes p. 137 66. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 21 67.Howard, Napoleon’s Doctorsp. 69 68. Howard, Napoleon’s Doctors pp. 68–71 69. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 161 70. Cate, War of the Two Emperors p. 170 71. Howard, Napoleon’s Doctors pp. 70–71 72. Howard, Napoleon’s Doctors p. 251 73. Muir, Tactics and the Experience of Battle p. 9 74. Sutherland, Marie Walewska p. 61 75.ed. Stryjenski, Mémoires p. 125 76.CG7 no. 13938 p. 27, January 3, 1807 77. CG7 no. 13988 p. 52, January 8, 1807 78. Rapp, Memoirs p.129 79. CG7 no. 14001 p. 58, January 10, 1807 80. Arnold and Reinertsen, Crisis in the Snows p. 1295 81. CG7 no. 14211 p. 152, January 29, 1807 82. CG7 nos. 14134, 14139, p. 116, between January 17 and 24, 1807, p. 119, January 21 or 22, 1807 83. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 57 84. CG7 no. 16323 p. 1100, September 7, 1807 85. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 63 86. CG7 no. 14270 p. 174, February 5, 1807 87. Blond, La Grande Armée p. 121 88. Smith, Data Book p. 241 89. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 10 90. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 8491. ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale p. 123 92. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 79 93. Muir, Tactics and the Experience of Battle p. 147 94. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 87 95. Uffindell, Napoleon's Immortals p. 245 96. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 138 97.Smith, Data Book, p. 242 98. CG7 no. 14280 pp. 177–8, February 9, 1807 99. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 294

19. TILSIT

Napoleon on Eylau comes from ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 292 Napoleon to Josephine comes from CG7 no. 14930 p. 472, March 27, 1807 1. CG7 no. 14277 pp. 176–7, February 9, 1807 2. Saint-Chamans, Mémoires p. 59 3. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 144 4. CG7 no. 14312 p. 191, February 14, 1807 5. CG7 no. 15240 p. 608, April 13, 18076. SHD GR2/C 66 7. SHD GR2/C 66 8. SHD GR2/C 66 9. CG7 no. 14448 pp. 249–50, March 1, 1807 10. CG7 no. 15743 p. 837, May 27, 1807 11. CG7 no. 15224, pp. 600–601, April 12, 1807 12. CG7 no. 15947 p. 926, July 4, 1807 13. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 118 14. Gonneville, Recollections I p. 50 15. Kiley, Once There Were Titans p. 200 16. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 133 17. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 134 18. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 134 19. Wilson, Campaigns in Poland p. 157 20. CG7 no. 15874 p. 898, June 19, 1807 21. Smith, Data Book pp. 250–51 22. Woloch, The French Veteran p. 199 23. de la Bédoyère, Memoirs of Napoleon II p. 481 24. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 308 25. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 174 26. CG12 no. 31068 p. 787, July 1, 1812 27. Ibid. 28. CG7 no. 15868 p. 895, June 16, 1807 29. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 308 30. Summerville, Napoleon’s Polish Gamble p. 141 31. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 314 32.Hobhouse,Recollections I p. 185 33. ed. Wilson, A Diary p. 84 34. Ebrington, Memorandum p. 11 35. Fox, The Culture of Science p. 305 36. eds. Larichev and Ostarkova, , Paris-St Petersburg p. 18 37. Wesling, Napoleon p. 3 38. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 124 39. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey pp. 239–45, Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 313 40. Butterfield,Peace Tactics passim 41. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 62–3 42. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 317 43. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 91 44. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 151 45. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 125 46. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 125, Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 87 47. Connelly, Satellite Kingdoms p. 15 48. CG7 no. 16812 p. 1321, November 15, 1807 49. CG7 no. 15499 p. 730, May 2, 1807 50. CG7 no. 15528 p. 743, May 4, 1807 51. CG7 no. 15982 p. 939, July 7, 1807 52. CG7 no. 15972 p. 936, July 6, 1807 53. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 157 54. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 327 55. CG7 no. 16072 p. 987, July 29, 1807

20. IBERIA

The Duke of Wellington to Lord Castlereagh comes from ed. Wellington, 2nd Duke of, Despatches, Correspondence and Memoranda I p. 117 Napoleon on the Peninsular War comes from Tone, Fatal Knot p. 3 1. Montesquiou, Souvenirs p. 113 2. Blaufarb, ‘The Ancien Régime Origins’ p. 408 3. CN32 p. 84 4. Bergeron, France Under Napoleonp. 106 5. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 344 6. Simms, Europe p. 165, Tulard, Napoléon et la noblesse p. 97 7. Ellis, The Napoleonic Empire p. 77 8. Ellis, The Napoleonic Empire p. 114 9. Tulard, Napoléon et la noblesse p. 93 10. Ellis, The Napoleonic Empire p. 114 11. ed. Chatel de Brancion, Cambacérès II p. 141 12. Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 23613.CG7 no. 14909 p. 457, March 26, 1807 14. SHD GR2/C 66 15. Tulard, Napoleon: The Myth of the Saviour p. 185 16. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 57 17. CG7 no. 16560, p. 1208 18. Stuart, Rose of Martinique p. 284 19. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I pp. 125–6 20. ed. Park, Napoleon in Captivity p. 238 n. 3, Bruce, Napoleon and Josephine p. 305 21.Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 208 22. Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 29 23. Mansel, Eagle in Splendour p. 67 24. Sudhir Hazareesingh in TLS 3/2/2012 p. 4 25. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 338 26. Woolf, Napoleon’s Integration p. vii 27. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 174 28. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 118 29. Bausset, Private Memoirsp. 15 30. Markham, ‘The Emperor at Work’ p. 584 31. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 17 32. Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes p. 140, ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 17, D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 156 33. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 51 34. Roederer, Bonaparte me disait pp. 85–6 35. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 189 36. ed. Jones,Napoleon: How He Did It p. 184 37. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 122 38. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 261 39. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 135 40. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 92 41. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 354 42. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 107 43. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 101 44. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 301, Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 348 45. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 348 46. Branda,Napoléon et ses hommes p. 271 47. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I pp. 125–6 48. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I pp. 121–2 49. ed. Méneval, Memoirs I p. 123 50. CG3 no. 5751 p. 438, November 8, 1800 51. Esdaile, Peninsular War p. 5 52. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 349 53. CG7 no. 16336 p. 1106, September 8, 1807 54. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 78 55.Esdaile, Peninsular War p. 7 56. Lipscombe, Peninsular War Atlas p. 23 57. CG7 no. 16554 p. 1204, October 17, 1807 58. ed. Woloch, Revolution and Meanings of Freedom p. 68 59. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 352 60. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 349 61. Broers, Europe under Napoleon p. 156 62. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 349 63. CG8 no. 17350 pp. 236–7, March 9, 1808 64. ed. Woloch, Revolution and Meanings of Freedom p. 70 65. Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 251 66. ed. Woloch, Revolution and Meanings of Freedom p. 71 67. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 50 68. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 50 69. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 118 70. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 125 71. ed. Woloch, Revolution and Meanings of Freedom p. 73, Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 255 72. CG8 no. 17699 p. 423, April 25, 1808 73. ed. Woloch, Revolution and Meanings of Freedom p. 73 74. Gates, ‘The Wars of 1812’ p. 50 75. Gates, ‘The Wars of 1812’ p. 51 76. Sarrazin, The War in Spain p. 33 77. Esdaile, ‘Recent Writing on Napoleon’ p. 211, ed. Tulard, Bibliographie critique p. 175, Anon., ‘The Unpublished Letters of Napoleon’ p. 358 78. CG8 no. 17759 pp. 451–4, May 2, 1808 79. Lipscombe, The Peninsular War Atlas p. 23 80. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 57 81. Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 352, Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 180 82. CG8 no. 17829 p. 489, May 10, 1808 83. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 130 84. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Baron de Marbot p. 283 85. CG8 no. 17699 p. 423, April 25, 1808 86. CG8 no. 17826 p. 487, May 9, 1808 87. CG8 no. 18480 p. 831, July 4, 1808 88. Tulard, Le grand empire p. 146 89. Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 358 90. ed. Woloch, Revolution and Meanings of Freedompp. 75–6 91. eds. Kafker and Laux, Napoleon and His Times p. 220 n. 9 92. Bausset, Private Memoirs pp. 188–9 93. Vaughan, Siege of Zaragoza p. 5, Bell, First Total War p. 281 94. Vaughan, Siege of Zaragoza p. 22 95. CG8 no. 18401 p. 797, June 25, 1808, CG9 no. 18659 p. 930, July 25, 1808 96. Lipscombe, Peninsular War Atlas p. 52 97.ed. Latimer, Talks p. 257 98.Dumas, Memoirs II p. 186, CG8 no. 18835 p. 1036, September 6, 1808 99. CG8 no. 18685, p. 945, August 3, 1808 100. CG8 no. 18797 p. 1007, August 30, 1808 101. CG8 no. 18619 p. 909, July 19, 1808 102. CG8 no. 18707 p. 957, August 16, 1808 103. Aldington, Wellington p. 48 104. CG8 no. 18951 pp. 1090–91, September 18, 1808 105.CG8 no. 18869 p. 1055, September 9, 1808 106. Rovigo, Mémoires III p. 450 107. CG8 no. 18685 p. 945, August 3, 1808 108. Grimsted, Foreign Ministers p. 166 109. Grimsted, Foreign Ministers p. 166 110. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 300 111. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 212 112. Chevallier, Empire Style p. 64 113.Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 213 114.ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 145, Rapp, Memoirs p. 133 115. Dwyer, Talleyrand pp. 99, 116, ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 413 116. ed. Bingham, Selection II pp. 413–14 117. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 212 118. eds. Larichev and Ostarkova, Paris-St Petersburg p. 18 119. eds. Larichev and Ostarkova,Paris-St Petersburg p. 18 120. TLS12/5/1927 p. 325, Florange and Wunsch, L’Entrevue pp. 12ff, Brown, Life of Goethe II p. 547 n. 1 121. Florange and Wunsch, L’Entrevue pp. 12ff 122. Brown, Life of Goethe II pp. 546–7 123. Brown, Life of Goethe II p. 547 124. CG8 no. 19042 p. 1126, October 9, 1808 125. Brown, Life of Goethe II p. 547 126.Williams, Life of Goethe p. 39 127.Brown, Life of Goethe II p. 546, Florange and Wunsch, L’Entrevue pp. 12ff 128. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 223 129. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 217 130. CG8 no. 19050 p. 1130, between October 11 and 13, 1808 131. CG8 no. 19053 p. 1131, October 12, 1808 132. CG8 no. 19056 p. 1133, October 13, 1808133. CG8 nos. 19184, 19270, p. 1186, November 4, 1808, p. 1225, November 14, 1808 134. CG8 no. 19327 pp. 1248–9, November 19, 1808 135. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe p. 18 136. Esdaile, ‘Recent Writing on Napoleon’ pp. 217–18 137. Tone, Fatal Knot p. 4 138. Tone, Fatal Knot p. 182 139. Sherwig, Guineas and Gunpowder pp. 367–8 140. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Armypp. 58–9, Bell, First Total War p. 290, Gonneville, Recollections I p. 61 141. CG8 no. 19197 p. 1192, November 5, 1808 142. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 180 143. Chlapowski, Polish Lancer p. 45 144. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 233 145. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 235 146. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 232 147. The Nation, 16/7/1896 p. 45 148.Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 239 149. Gonneville, Recollections p. 65 150. CG8 no. 19650 pp. 1388–9, December 31, 1808 151. ed. Jennings, Croker Papers I p. 355 152. CG8 no. 19675 p. 1402, January 2, 1809 153. Bonaparte, Napoleon, Confidential Correspondence II p. 4n 154. Chlapowski,Polish Lancer p. 72 155. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 242 156. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 242 157. CG8 no. 19855 p. 1497, January 15, 1809 158. Cobban, Modern France II p. 56, Tone, Fatal Knot p. 4 159. Alexander, ‘French Replacement Methods’ p. 192 160. Alexander, ‘French Replacement Methods’ p. 192 161. Lipscombe, Peninsular War Atlas p. 23, Alexander, ‘French Replacement Methods’ p. 193, Fraser, Napoleon’s Cursed War passim 162. Lentz, Savary p. 188

21. WAGRAM

Napoleon’s Military Maxim comes from ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 199 Napoleon to Bertrand comes from Bertrand, Cahiers II p. 344 1. CG8 no. 19856 p. 1498, January 15, 1809 2. CG7 no. 15264 p. 617, April 14, 1807 3. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 244 4. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 241, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 131, ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 78 n. 22 5. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 187 6. ed. Bingham. Selection, III p. 130 7. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier pp. 76–80, Dwyer, Talleyrand p. 120, Mollien, Mémoires II pp. 334ff, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 89 8. Dwyer, Talleyrand p. 120, ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 80 9. Arnold, Crisis on the Danubepp. 25–6 10. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 46 11. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 47 12. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 301, Adams, Napoleon and Russia p. 288 13. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 448 14. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 132 15. Chlapowski, Polish Lancer p. 56 16. CG9 no. 20869 p. 510, April 18, 1809 ed. Bell, Baron Lejeune I p. 218 17. Arnold, Crisis on the Danubep. 106 18. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 233 19. Smith, Data Book p. 291 20. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 233 21. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 143 22. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 252 23. ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale p. 204 24. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Marbot p. 126, Muir, Tactics and the Experience of Battle p. 152, Chlapowski,Polish Lancer p. 60 25. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 223 26. CG9 no. 20975 p. 569, May 6, 1809 27. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Marbot p. 137 28. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army pp. 181–2 29. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict pp. 220–21 30. Chlapowski, Polish Lancer p. 64 31. Chlapowski, Polish Lancer p. 6432. ed. Markham,Imperial Glory p. 199 33. Rothenberg, Art of Warfare p. 130 34. Smith, Data Book p. 310 35. Smith, Data Book p. 310 36. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 205 37. Musée de la Préfecture de Police, Paris 38. Blond, La Grande Armée p. 242, ed. Summerville, Exploits of Marbot p. 167, Dumas, Memoirs II p. 196, Rovigo,Mémoires IV p. 125 39.Martin, Napoleonic Friendship p. 40 40. Martin, Napoleonic Friendship p. 43 41. CG9 no. 21105 p. 634, May 31, 1809 42. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 145 43. Markham, ‘The Emperor at Work’ p. 588 44. Rapp, Memoirs p. 140 45. Caulaincourt, Mémoires I p. 368 46. Arnold, Crisis on the Danube p. 122 47. Esdaile, ‘Recent Writing’ p. 21, Gill,Thunder on the Danube III p. 223 48. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 102, Arnold, Napoleon Conquers Austria p. 128 49. ed. Summerville, Exploits of Marbot p. 172 50. Arnold, Napoleon Conquers Austria pp. 135–6 51. Rothenberg, Emperor’s Last Victory p. 181, ed. Summerville, Exploits of Marbot pp. 172–3 52. Arnold, Napoleon Conquers Austria p. 155 53. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 223 54. Arnold, Napoleon Conquers Austria p. 147 55. Gill, Thunder on the Danube III p. 239 56. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 206 57. Lachouque and Brown, Anatomy of Glory p. 163 58. Rothenberg, Emperor’s Last Victory p. 193 59. Blond La Grande Armée p. 254 60. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 131 61. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 187 62. Eidahl, ‘Oudinot’ p. 11 63. CG9 no. 21467 p. 833, July 7, 1809 64. CG9 no. 21739 p. 975, August, 1809 65. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 96

22. ZENITH

Napoleon to Tsar Alexander comes from CG8 no. 18500 p. 840–41, July 8, 1808 Napoleon on St Helena comes from ed. Latimer, Talks p. 151 1. Simms, Europe p. 166 2. Woolf, Napoleon’s Integration p. 10 3. Fisher, Bonapartism p. 84 4. Fisher, Bonapartism p. 84 5. Parker, ‘Why Did Napoleon Invade Russia?’ pp. 142–3 6. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe p. 19 7. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe pp. 16–17 8. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe pp. 8–9, Broers, Europe under Napoleon pp. 88, 126–7, Hales, Napoleon and the Pope p. 105, Davis, Conflict and Control p. 23 9. eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 9, Jordan, Napoleon and the Revolution p. 1, ed. Dwyer,Napoleon and Europe p. 17 10. eds. Laven and Riall, Napoleon’s Legacy p. 1 11. Davis, Conflict and Control p. 23 12. Woolf, ‘The Construction of a European World-View’ p. 95 13. eds. Dwyer and Forrest, Napoleon and His Empire p. 204 14. ed. Dwyer, Napoleon and Europe p. 11 15. CG7 no. 16057 p. 979, July 22, 1807 16. Hales,Napoleon and the Pope p. 120 17. CG9 no. 22074 p. 1179, September 14, 1809 18. Hales, Napoleon and the Pope pp. 114–19 19. CG9 no. 21717 p. 959, August 6, 1809 20. CG9 no. 21865 p. 1052, August 21, 1809 21. CG9 no. 21971 p. 1116, September 4, 1809 22. CG9 no. 21865 p. 1052, August 21, 1809 23. The Nation, 16/7/1896 p. 46, Hazareesingh, The Saint-Napoleon p. 4 24. CG9 nos. 21801–21807 pp. 1009–12, August 15 and 16, 1809 25. Lanfrey, History of Napoleon the First IV p. 218 26. ed. Kerry, The First Napoleon p. 7 27. ed. Kerry, The First Napoleon p. 7 28. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 217 29. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 304 30. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey pp. 290–9431.ed. Caisse, Mémoires et correspondance VI pp. 557–79 32. Eyck, Loyal Rebels p. 191 33. Eyck, Loyal Rebels p. 194, ed. Caisse, Mémoires et correspondance VI p. 277 34. Adams, Napoleon and Russia p. 240 35. Tulard, Napoléon: une journée pp. 140, 172 36. CG7 no. 15867 p. 894, June 16, 1807 37. Wright, Daughter to Napoleon p. 21338.CG7 no. 15619 p. 782, May 14, 1807 39. Rapp, Memoirs p. 142 40. Rapp, Memoirs p. 145, Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 221 41. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 84 42. Hibbert, Napoleon: His Wives and Women pp. 183, 296 43. ed. Hanoteau, Memoirs of Queen Hortense I p. 289 44. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 253 45. Blaufarb, ‘The Ancien Régime Origins’ p. 409 46. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 138 47. Rapp, Memoirs p. 152 48. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 241 49. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 138 and n. 1 50. Cobban, Modern France II p. 57 51. BNF NAF 4020 pp. 9–10 52. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 99 53. ed. Cerf, Letters p. 17 54. Swanson, Napoleon’s Dual Courtship pp. 6–7 55. Mowat, The Diplomacy of Napoleon p. 252 56. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 2, Mowat, The Diplomacy of Napoleon p. 252 57. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 2 58. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 305 59. Schroeder, ‘Napoleon’s Foreign Policy’ p. 154 60. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 210 61. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 304 62. CG9 no. 22761 p. 1554, December 31, 1809 63. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 310 64. ed. Lentz,1810 p. 311 65. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 3, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 139 66. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 6 67. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 135 68. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 99 69. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise pp. 19–20 70. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 24 71. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 33 72. Chevallier,Empire Style p. 60 73.Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 279 74. Palmer, Napoleon and Marie Louise p. 99 75. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 279 76. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 136–7 77. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 137 78. Clary-et-Aldringen, Trois mois à Paris pp. 70–71 79. Woloch, French Veteran p. 314 80. Branda, Le prix de la gloire, p. 52, Philip Mansel inTLS 16/1/2004, p. 23 81.NYPL Napoleon I folder 3 82. Palmer, Alexander I p. 189 83. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 108 84. CG5 no. 10517 p. 543, August 6, 1805 85. Jordan, Napoleon and the Revolution p. ix 86. Masson, Napoleon and his Coronation p. 313 87. Gildea, Children of the Revolution p. 183 88. Stourton and Montefiore, The British as Art Collectors p. 153 89. O’Brien, ‘Antonio Canova’s Napoleon’ pp. 354–5 90. O’Brien, ‘Antonio Canova’s Napoleon’ p. 358 91. Chevallier, Empire Style p. 8 92. Wilson-Smith, Napoleon and His Artists p. xxix 93. Chevallier, Empire Style passim, Wilson-Smith, Napoleon and His Artists passim 94. CG8 no. 18931 p. 1083, September 15, 1808 95.Horward, ‘Masséna and Napoleon’ p. 84 96. Horward, Napoleon and Iberia p. 29 97. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 304 98. Johnson, Napoleon’s Cavalry p. 94 99. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 472 100. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 141 101. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 42 102. Woolf, Ouvrard p. 115 103. ed. Bingham,Selection III p. 42 104. Pelet,Napoleon in Council p. 96, Brice, Riddle of Napoleon p. 139 105. Woolf, Ouvrard pp. 116–18 106. Knight, Britain Against Napoleon p. 404 n 107. Mollien, Mémoires II p. 444 108. CN23 no. 18636, p. 359 109. Melvin, Napoleon’s Navigation System pp. 238–9 110. Palmer, Alexander I p. 195 111. Schmitt, ‘1812’ pp. 326–7 112. ed. Roncière,Letters to Marie-Louise p. 63 113. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 346 114. CN21 no. 16762 pp. 12–29 115. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 50

23. RUSSIA

Tsar Alexander to Caulaincourt comes from Promyslov, ‘The Grande Armée’s Retreat’ p. 131 n. 34 Napoleon on St Helena comes from ed. Latimer, Talks p. 210 1. Faber, Sketches pp. 187–8 2. Faber, Sketches p. 191 3. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 69 4. CN21 nos. 17179 and 17187 pp. 297–302 5. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 353, Méneval, Napoléon et Marie Louise I p. 342, Palmer, Alexander I p. 199n 6. Cate, Two Emperors p. xiii 7. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 202 8. Riehn, Napoleon’s Russian Campaign p. 33 9. Riehn, Napoleon’s Russian Campaign pp. 34–5 10. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 317 11. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 306 12. ed. Chatel de Brancion, Cambacérès II p. 387 13. Thiers, History of FranceXII p. 477 14. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 6, Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 290 15. Rudé, Revolutionary Europe p. 251, Knight, Britain Against Napoleon ch. 13 16. Cobban, Modern France II p. 52 17. Schroeder, ‘Napoleon’s Foreign Policy’ p. 156 18. Gates, ‘The Wars of 1812’ p. 48 19. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I pp. 3–420. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 9 21. Knight, Britain Against Napoleon p. 412 22. Knight, Britain Against Napoleon pp. 410–12 23. ed. Gielgud, Prince Adam Czartoryski II p. 214 24. ed. Gielgud, Prince Adam Czartoryski II p. 216 25. ed. Gielgud, Prince Adam Czartoryski II p. 221 26. Lieven, Russia against Napoleon passim 27. eds. Kagan and Higham, Military History of Tsarist Russia pp. 115–16, Palmer, Alexander I p. 201 28. Méneval, Napoléon et Marie Louise I pp. 341–2 29. Palmer, Alexander I p. 199 30. Nafziger, Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia p. 85 31. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 84 32. Mowat, The Diplomacy of Napoleon p. 253 33. Palmer, Alexander I p. 202 34.ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 89 35. ed. Lentz, 1810 pp. 307–8, ed. Chatel de Brancion, Cambacérès II p. 391 36. ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 309 37. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 290 38. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 102 39. Rovigo, Mémoires V p. 147 40. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 152–3 41. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 102 42. Musée de la Préfecture de Police 43. ed. Cerf,Letters to Josephine p. 231 44. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 360 45. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 153 46. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 98 47. Esdaile, ‘Recent Writing’ p. 219, Lipscombe, Peninsular War Atlas p. 25 48. Alexander, ‘French Replacement Methods’ p. 196 49. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 135 50. Parker, ‘Why Did Napoleon Invade Russia?’ p. 132 51. Whitcomb, Napoleon’s Diplomatic Service pp. 152–8 52. Palmer, Alexander I p. 203 53. Palmer, Alexander I p. 203 54. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 110 55. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 112 56. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 114 57. CN23, no. 18568 p. 302 58. Bergeron, France Under Napoleon pp. 102–3 59.Palmer, Alexander I pp. 204–5 60. Palmer, Alexander I p. 205 61. AN AF IV 1656 62. McLynn, Napoleon p. 499 63. SHD GR 4.C/73 64. Cate, Two Emperors p. 70 65. Palmer, Alexander I p. 207 66. Palmer, Alexander I p. 207, Arboit, ‘1812: Le Renseignement Russe’ p. 86, ed. Lentz, 1810 p. 310, Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 27, Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 289 67. ed. Chatel de Brancion, Cambacérès II p. 391 68. Buckland, Metternich p. 219 69. Palmer, Alexander I p. 208, Mowat, Diplomacy of Napoleon p. 254 70. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I pp. 81–2 71. AN AF IV 1654 72. CN23 no. 18420, p. 160 73. CN23 no. 18523 p. 253 74. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I pp. 16–1975. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I pp. 49–50 76. Pradt, Histoire de l’Ambassade p. 122 77. CG12 no. 30343 p. 429, March 30, 1812 78. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 32 79. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 310 80. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 311 81. CN12 no. 30225 p. 374 82. Dague, ‘Henri Clarke’ pp. 2–3 83. Simms, Europe p. 170, Fain, Manuscrit de1812 I pp. 57–8 84.CN23 no. 18652 p. 371 85. CG12 no. 30492 p. 517, April 25, 1812 86. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 119 87. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 118 88. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 122 89. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 49 90. Cate, Two Emperors p. 127 91. ed. Ernouf, Souvenirs pp. 232–3 92.CG12 nos. 30799–30827 pp. 666–77, June 4, 1812 93. Rapp, Memoirs pp. 168–9 94. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I pp. 88–9 95. Forrest, Napoleon p. 199, Evstafiev, Resources of Russia p. 6 96. CN23 no. 18855 p. 528 97. TLS 10/4/1959 p. 206, ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 68, Soltyk, Napoléon en 1812 pp. 8–10 98. ed. Summerville,Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 15 99. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 15 100. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 1, Weigley, Age of Battles p. 443, ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 136, Gill, With Eagles to Glory p. 9 101. Schroeder, ‘Napoleon’s Foreign Policy’ p. 153 102. Gill, With Eagles to Glory p. 9 103. ed. Raeff,Foot Soldier p. xxiii 104. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 12 105. Lochet, ‘Destruction of the Grande Armée’ passim, Rothenberg, Art of Warfare p. 128 106. Lochet, ‘Destruction of the Grande Armée’ passim 107. Lochet, ‘Destruction of the Grande Armée’ passim, Nafziger, Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia p. 86 108. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 12 109. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 211

24. TRAPPED

Champagny’s quote comes from Champagny, Souvenirs p. 142 Lord Montgomery’s quote comes from Hansard Fifth Series House of Lords vol. ccxli col. 227 1. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 17 2. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 67 3. CG12 no. 31046 p. 775, June 25, 1812 4. CG12 no. 31066 p. 786, June 30, 18125.Soltyk, Napoléon en 1812 pp. 35–8 6. Davies, Vanished Kingdoms p. 293 7. Zamoyski, 1812 pp. 161–3 8. CN24, no. 18962 p. 61 9. Coignet, Captain Coignet p. 201 10. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 53 11. AN 400AP/81/pp. 22–5 12. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 I p. 188 13. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 232 14. AN 400AP/81/p. 30 15. CG12 no. 31077 p. 793, July 1, 1812 16. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 75 17. CG12 no. 31068 p. 787, July 1, 1812 18. CG12 no. 31068 pp. 787–90, July 1, 1812 19. Chaptal, Souvenirs p. 302 20. Lieven, Russia against Napoleon p. 219 21. ed. Castellane, Journal I p. 113 22. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 25 23. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 26 24. Cartwright and Biddiss, Disease and History p. 91 25. ed. Hanoteau, With Napoleon in Russia pp. 66–7 26. CG12 no. 51150 p. 829, July 8, 1812 27. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 47 28. Cartwright and Biddiss, Disease and History pp. 83ff 29. Cartwright and Biddiss, Disease and History p. 91 30. CG12 no. 31201 p. 858, July 12, 1812 31. Rose, Napoleon’s Campaign in Russia pp. 101–2 32. Rose, Napoleon’s Campaign in Russia p. 182 33. Cobb, Police and the People p. 111 n. 1 34. Prinzing, Epidemics Resulting from Wars p. 106 35. Kerckhove, Histoire des maladies p. 405 36. Kerckhove, Histoire des maladiespp. 406–737. Gourgaud, Napoleon and the Grand Army p. 12 38. ed. Castellane, Journal I p. 113 39. CG12 no. 31184 p. 847, July 10, 1812 40. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 51 41. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 53 42. Austin, 1812 p. 160 43. Saint-Denis, Napoleon from the Tuileries p. 66 44. Rossetti, ‘Journal’ pp. 217–1945. CG12 no. 31261 p. 889, July 19, 1812 46. Rossetti, ‘Journal’ pp. 217–19 47. ed. Hanoteau, With Napoleon in Russia p. 634 48. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory p. 262, Smith, Data Book p. 382 49. CG12 no. 31335 p. 926, July 26, 1812 50. CG12 nos. 31291, 31337 p. 904, July 22, 1812, p. 927, July 26, 1812 51. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 34 52. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 35 53. Labaume, The Crime of 1812 p. 80 54. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 36 55. CG12 no. 31396 p. 952, August 2, 1812 56. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 38 57. Nicolson, Napoleon: 1812 p. 99 58. ed. Roncière,Letters to Marie-Louise p. 86 59. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 40 60. CG12 no. 31435 p. 971, August 7, 1812 61. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 44 62. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 45 63. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia pp. 41–4 64. Fain, Manuscrit de1812 I pp. 321–4 65. ed. Castellane, Journal I p. 112 66. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 50, ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 223 67. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 284 n. 5 68. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 67 69. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 159 70. Rossetti, ‘Journal’ pp. 232–371. Rapp, Memoirs p. 193 72.ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia pp. 61–2 73. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 61 74. Lochet, ‘The Destruction of the Grande Armée’ passim 75. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 68 76. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 265 77. CG12 no. 31608 pp. 1046–7, August 26, 1812 78. ed. Kerry, The First Napoleon p. 20 79. Girod de l’Ain, Dix ans pp. 252–4 80. CG12 no. 31610 p. 1047, August 26, 1812 81. Wesling, Napoleon p. 154 82. CG12 no. 31659 p. 1071, September 2, 1812 83. CG12 no. 31666 p. 1075, September 3, 1812 84. CG12 no. 31671 pp. 1076–7, September 3, 181285. Cartwright and Biddiss, Disease and History p. 94 86. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 8 87. Castelot, La Campagne p. 143. 88. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 315, Weigley, Age of Battles p. 449, Cartwright and Biddiss, Disease and History p. 94, Forrest, Napoleon p. 308 89. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 82, TLS10/4/1959 p. 206, Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 131 90. ed. Bell, Baron Lejeune II pp. 216–18 91. Rapp, Memoirs p. 201, ed. Bell, Baron Lejeune II pp. 205–6, Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 11 92. CN24 no. 19182 p. 207 93. Rapp, Memoirs p. 202 94. Rapp, Memoirs p. 203 95. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 19 96. ed. Summerville,Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 75 97. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 82 98. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 41 99. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 73 100. Headley, Imperial Guard p. 127 101. Headley, Imperial Guard p. 127 102. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 320 103. Rapp, Memoirs p. 208 104. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russiapp. 82, 84 105. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 73 106. Smith, Data Book pp. 389–90 107. CG12 no. 31678 p. 1080, September 8, 1812 108. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 319 109. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 158 110. Dumas, Memoirs II p. 440 111. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 45 112.Pawly, Red Lancers pp. 37–8 113. ed. North, With Napoleon’s Guard p. 61 114. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 70

25. RETREAT

Napoleon’s military maxim comes from ed. Chandler, Napoleon’s Military Maxims p. 57 1. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 319 2. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 86 3. CG12 no. 31708 p. 1091, September 10, 1812 4. Palmer, Napoleon in Russia p. 132 5. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 144, Merridale, Red Fortress p. 2116. Vaskin, ‘Three Mistakes of Napoleon’ p. 1, Soltyk, Napoléon en 1812 pp. 26–70 7. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 90 8. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 172 9. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 90, Olivier, Burning of Moscow p. 43 10. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 212 11. ed. Summerville,Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 90 12. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 211 13. Olivier, Burning of Moscow p. 189, Rostopchine, L’Incendie de Moscou p. 103 14. Rapp, Memoirs p. 210, ed. Kerry, The First Napoleon p. 24, Merridale, Red Fortress p. 216 15. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 18 16. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 216 17. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 96 18. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 94 19. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 97 20. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 211 21. ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale p. 266 22. Peyrusse, Mémorial et Archives p. 97 23. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 211 24. Ebrington,Memorandum p. 12 25.Ebrington, Memorandum p. 12 26. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 211 27. SHD GR C2/167 28. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II pp. 93–94 29. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 95 30. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 96 31. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 97 32. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 100 33. ed. Latimer, Talksp. 158 34. eds. Kagan and Higham, Military History of Tsarist Russia p. 118 35. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 99 36. CG12 no. 31731 p. 1101, September 18, 1812 37. CG12 no. 31736 p. 1103, September 20, 1812 38. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 176 39. ed. North, With Napoleon’s Guard p. 37 40. SHD GR C2/524, Austin, 1812 pp. 156–7 41.ed. Castellane, Journal I p. 16142. Bausset, Private Memoirs pp. 330–31 43. Rapp, Memoirs p. 210 44. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 215 45. Lieven, Russia against Napoleon pp. 89, 134–5 46. CG12 no. 31411 p. 959,August 5, 1812 47. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 199 48. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 109 49. CG12 no. 31862 pp. 1160–61, October 6, 181250. CG12 no. 31863 p. 1161, October 6, 1812 51. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 55 52. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II pp. 151–2 53. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 152 54. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 336 55. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 115 56. Adlerfeld, King Charles XII III p. 96n 57. Fain,Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 152 58. Labaume, Crime of1812 p. 168 59. Smith, Data Book p. 395, ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 123, Rothenberg, Art of Warfare p. 130 60. ed. Castellane, Journal I p. 171 61. CG12 nos. 31938, 31941 pp. 1201–3, October 18, 1812 62. Merridale, Red Fortress p. 215 63. CG12 no. 31958 p. 1211, October 21, 1812 64. Austin, 1812 p. 184 65.Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 183 66. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia pp. 132–5, Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 33, Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 250 67. ed. Hanoteau, With Napoleon in Russia p. 298 68. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 253 69. CG12 no. 32019 p. 1240, November 6, 1812 70. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia pp. 136–8 71. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia pp. 136–8 72. ed. Summerville, Napoleon’s Expedition to Russia p. 138 73. CG12 no. 31971 p. 1219, October 26, 1812 74. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 159 75. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 185 76. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 186 77. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 189 78. Labaume,Crime of 1812 p. 193 79. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 195 80. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 218 81. Wilson, Narrative of Events pp. 225–60 82. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 163 83. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 206 84. Bell, First Total War p. 261 85. The Nation, 16/7/1896 p. 45 86. ed. Tulard,Cambacérès: lettres inédites p. 14 87. Emsley, Gendarmes and the State p. 62, Rovigo, Mémoires VI pp. 4, 53, Lavalette, Memoirs pp. 105–9, Lentz, La conspiration du Général Malet p. 271n, Cobban, Modern France II p. 60, ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier pp. 120–21, eds. Dwyer and McPhee, The French Revolution and Napoleon p. 188 88. Dague, ‘Henri Clarke’ p. 10 n. 25 89. ed. Noailles,Count Molé p. 129 90. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 109 91. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 285 92. Guérard, Reflections p. 91 93. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts pp. 233–9 94. Langeron, Mémoires de Langeron p. 93 95. Wilson, Narrative of Events pp. 255–60 96. eds. Hennet and Martin,Lettres interceptées p. 319 97. CG12 no. 32026 p. 1242 98.Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 224 99. Rose, Napoleon’s Campaign in Russia p. 105 100. Smith, Data Book p. 404 101. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 184 102. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 349 103. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 207 104. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 350 105.Langeron, Mémoires de Langeron p. 89 106. ed. Cisterne, Journal de marche pp. 140–45 107. Mikaberidze, The Battle of the Berezina passim 108. Rossetti, ‘Journal du Général Rossetti’ p. 33 109. CG12 no. 32071 p. 1270, November 24, 1812 110. Saint-Cyr, Mémoires III pp. 230–31 111. ed. Cisterne, Journal de marche pp. 140–45 112.Rossetti, ‘Journal du Général Rossetti’ p. 37 113. Fain, Manuscrit de 1812 II p. 329 114. ed. Cisterne, Journal de marche pp. 140–45 115. ed. Cisterne, Journal de marche pp. 140–45 116. ed. Cisterne, Journal de marche pp. 140–45 117. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 256 118. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts pp. 256–7 119.Rossetti, ‘Journal du Général Rossetti’ p. 39 120. Rossetti, ‘Journal du Général Rossetti’ p. 38 121. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 258 122. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 246 123. ed. Raeff, Napoleonic Foot Soldier p. 81 124. Kiley, Once There Were Titans p. 196 125. CG12 no. 32079 p. 1276, November 27, 1812 126. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 260 127. Langeron, Mémoires de Langeron p. 218 128. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 262 129. CG12 no. 32084 p. 1278, November 29, 1812 130. ed. Markham, Imperial Glory pp. 310–13 131. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 356 132. Namier, Vanished Supremacies pp. 1–3 133. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 164 134. Clark, Iron Kingdom pp. 358–90 135. CN24 no. 19490, p. 430 136. ed. Hanoteau, With Napoleon in Russia I p. 203 137. Cartwright and Biddiss, Disease and History p. 98 138. Schneid, ‘The Dynamics of Defeat’ pp. 7–8 139. Labaume, Crime of 1812 p. 205 140. The Nation 16/7/1896 p. 46 141. Rapp, Memoirs p. 250 142. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 195 143. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 I p. 8 144. Rapp, Memoirs p. 24145. SHD GR21.YC/679 146. SHD GR21.YC/36 147. Kiley, Once There Were Titans p. 293 n. 3 148. ed. Raeff, Napoleonic Foot Soldier p. xxvi 149. Schneid, ‘The Dynamics of Defeat’ p. 12 150. Eidahl, ‘Marshal Oudinot’ p. 14, Labaume, Crime of1812 p. 233 151. ed. Brett-James, Eyewitness Accounts p. 282

26. RESILIENCE

Molé to Napoleon comes from ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 193 Metternich on Napoleon comes from ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 283 1. Saint-Cyr, Mémoires IV p. 2 2. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 138 3. ed. Hanoteau, Memoirs of Queen Hortense II p. 51 4. Bowden, Napoleon’s Grande Armée pp. 27–8, CN25 no. 19689 p. 51 5. ed. Noailles,Count Molé p. 147, Lamy, ‘La cavalerie française’ p. 40 6. Schroeder, ‘Napoleon’s Foreign Policy’ p. 152 7. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 373 8. Blaze, Life in Napoleon’s Army p. 3 9. ed. Chandler, Napoleon’s Marshals pp. 30–32 10. CN24 no. 19388 p. 341 11. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 209 12. Evstafiev, Memorable Predictions p. 71 13.Fain,Manuscrit de 1813 I p. 8 14. CN24 no. 19462 p. 402 15. CN24 no. 19424 p. 368 16. CN24 no. 19402 p. 354 17. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 I pp. 193–5 18. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 373 19. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 168 20. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 156 21. CN25 no. 19910 p. 232 22. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 161 23. ed. Noailles,Count Molé p. 161 24. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 162 25. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 163 26. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 172 27. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 I pp. 77, 219–23 28. CN24 no. 19581 p. 520 29. Schmidt, ‘Idea and Slogan’ pp. 610–13 30. McPhee, Social History p. 87, Woloch, New Regime pp. 152–3 31. CN24 no. 19608 p. 539 32.CN24 no. 19457 p. 397 33. CN24 no. 19625 p. 556 34. Simms, Struggle for Mastery pp. 75–82 35. Simms, Europe p. 173 36. Leggiere, Napoleon and Berlin passim 37. CN27 no. 21231 pp. 150–51 38. CN25 no. 19664 p. 30 39. CN25 no. 19688 pp. 46–51 40. CN25 no. 19706 pp. 70–72 41. CN25 no. 19659 p. 25 42. CN25 no. 19632 p. 5 43.CN25 no. 19640 p. 9 44. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 193 45. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 194 46. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 195 47. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 15 48. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 140 49. CN25 no. 19647 p. 15 50. CN25 no. 19914 pp. 235–6 51. Johnson, Napoleon’s Cavalry p. 22 52. CN25 no. 19941 p. 253 53.CN25 no. 19977 p. 276 54. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 375 55. Wood, ‘Forgotten Sword’ p. 81 56. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 I p. 349 57. Brett-James, Europe Against Napoleon p. 23 58. CN25 no. 19951 pp. 258–62 59. Brett-James, Europe Against Napoleon p. 24 60. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 149 61. CN25 no. 19963 pp. 268–9 62.ed. Markham, Imperial Glory pp. 33–7 63. CN25 no. 19899 pp. 222–3 64. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 152, Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 I pp. 374–7 65. CN25 no. 19994 p. 285 66. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 154 67. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 240 68. CN25 no. 20017 pp. 299–300 69. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 157 70. CN25 no. 20029 and 20030 pp. 307–8 71. Rovigo, Mémoires VI p. 102 72. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 158 73. CN25 no. 20042 pp. 321–2 74. Ebrington, Memorandum pp. 18–19 75. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 160 76. CN25 no. 20096 p. 368 77. CN25 no. 20070 pp. 346–7 78. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 365 79.CN25 no. 20140 pp. 393–7 80. CN25 no. 20070 p. 347 81. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 I p. 449 82. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 250 83. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 26–31 84. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 26–31 85. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 26–31 86. CN25 no. 20119 p. 382 87. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 383 88.ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 169 89. Price, ‘Napoleon and Metternich in 1813’ pp. 482–503 90. Price, ‘Napoleon and Metternich in 1813’ p. 503, CN25 no. 20175 pp. 423–6, Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 36–42, Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 15, ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 413 n. 67 and II pp. 538–40 91. Price, ‘Napoleon and Metternich in 1813’ p. 501 92. CN25 no. 20175 pp. 423–6 93. Price, ‘Napoleon and Metternich in 1813’ pp. 494, 503 94. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I pp. 185–8 95. ed. Metternich, Memoirs I p. 190 96. CN25 no. 20175 pp. 423–6 97. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 169 98. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 171 99.ed. Latimer, Talks p. 143 100. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise pp. 171–2 101. Sked, Radetsky p. 41 102. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 79–80 103. CN26 no. 20327 pp. 2–3 104. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II p. 93

27. LEIPZIG

Le Moniteur statement comes from CN10 no. 8237 p. 116 Military Maxim No. 25 comes from ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 145 1. ed. Walter, Las Cases p. xv 2. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative II p. 189 3. Lamy, ‘La cavalerie française’ pp. 42–3 4. Menzl, Germany IV p. 1585 5. CN26 no. 20375 pp. 48–9 6. CN26 no. 20360 pp. 34–67.Chandler, Campaigns of Napoleon pp. 900–902 8. Gallaher, ‘Political Considerations and Strategy’ p. 68 n. 2 9. Gallaher, ‘Political Considerations and Strategy’ p. 68 10. CN26 nos. 20381 and 20390 pp. 71–2, 80–82 11. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 184 12. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 186 13. Eidahl, ‘Marshal Oudinot’ p. 15 14. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 186 15. CN26 no. 20445 pp. 118–19 16. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 262 17. Karlen, Napoleon’s Glands p. 11 18. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 165 19. TLS 12/5/1927 p. 325 20. Smith, Data Book pp. 443–5 21. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 254 and n. 1 22. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 266 23. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 190 24. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise pp. 190–91 25. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 191 26. CN26 no. 20482 p. 147 27. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 267 28. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 367, Nafziger, Napoleon at Leipzig p. 70 29. Chandler, On the Napoleonic Wars p. 112 30. Smith, Data Bookpp. 446–7 31. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 423, Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II p. 312 32. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itineraire p. 423, Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II p. 312 33. CN26 no. 20546 p. 190 34. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 381 35. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 351–2 36. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 277 37. Shoberl, Narrative p. vii38.CN26 no. 20791–3 pp. 349–52 39. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative II p. 312 40. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative II pp. 315–16 41. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative I p. 187, CN26 no. 20809 pp. 361–2 42. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 367 43. Smith, Data Book pp. 461–70, Lamy, ‘La cavalerie française’ p. 43 44. ed. Fleischmann,L’Épopée Imperiale p. 323 45. Nafziger, Napoleon at Leipzig p. 113 46. ed. Pope, Cassell Dictionary p. 299 47. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II pp. 410–11 48. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II p. 412 49. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 426 50. Brett-James, Europe Against Napoleon p. 164 51. Bruyere-Ostells, Leipzig p. 177 52. Nafziger, Napoleon at Leipzig p. 189 53. eds. Nafziger et al., Poles and Saxons pp. 244–5 54. Smith, 1813 Leipzig p. 188 55. Smith, 1813 Leipzig p. 189 56. Fain, Manuscrit de 1813 II p. 432 57. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative II p. 42n 58. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative II p. 43 59. ed. Davis, Original Journals p. 400, CN26 no. 20830 p. 378 60. Clark, Iron Kingdom p. 371 61. ed. Brindle, With Napoleon’s Guns p. 187n 62. Odeleben, Circumstantial Narrative II p. 45n 63. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 300 64. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 17 65. CN26 no. 20830 pp. 374–9 66. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 200 67. ed. Barrès, Memoirs p. 193 68. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 1 69.ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 139 70. Koebner, Empire p. 284, Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 6 71. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 8 72. CN26 no. 20886 p. 424 73. CN26 no. 20895 p. 429 74. CN26 no. 20902 pp. 434–5 75. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 139 n. 10 76. Rovigo, Mémoires VI p. 239 77.Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 11 78. Watson, Reign of George III p. 560 79. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 286, Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 12 80. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 286 81. Cobban, Modern France II p. 62 82. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 1 83. Rovigo, Mémoires VI p. 262

28. DEFIANCE

Napoleon’s maxim comes from ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 114 Napoleon on Pompey comes from CN32 p. 47 1. Crouzet, ‘The Second Hundred Years War’ p. 441 2. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 183 3. Elting, Swords p. 329 4. CG7 no. 15830 p. 875, June 4, 1807 5. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 4 6. Dziewanowski, ‘Napoleon’ p. 91 7. Las Cases, Memorial I p. 232 8. Richardson, French Prefectoral Corps pp. 44–6, Cobban, Modern France II p. 25 9. Daly, Inside Napoleonic France p. 255 10. Pigeard, La Conscription pp. 269–70 11. Price, ‘Napoleon and Metternich’ p. 500 12. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 261 13. Pelet, Napoleon in Council p. 26714.Markham, Awakening of Europe p. 174 15. Guérard, Reflections p. 94 16. D’Abrantès, At the Court p. 21 17. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 293 18. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 298 19. Rovigo, Mémoires VI p. 289 20. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 313 21. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 48 22. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 145, Rovigo, Mémoires VI p. 301 23. Boigne, Mémoires pp. 280–81 24. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 138 25. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 301 26. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 39 27. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion pp. 77–80 28. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 301 29. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba, p. 63 30. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 79, ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale pp. 346–7 31. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 206 32. Stanhope, Notes of Conversations p. 6 33. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 302 34. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 302 35. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 94 36. ed. Gallatin, Diary of James Gallatin p. 53 37. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 320 38. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 207 39. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 209 40. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 209 41. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 302 42. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 306 43. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 212 44. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 213, Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 9745.ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 214 46. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 102 47. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 215 48. Smith, Data Book p. 496 49. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise pp. 216–17 50. Innocenti, ‘Souls Not Wanting’ p. 56 51. Cobban, Modern France II p. 62, ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 20452. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 315 53. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 116 54. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 317 55. ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale p. 358 56. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 317 57. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 316 58. ed. Bingham, Selection III p. 325 59. ed. Bingham, Selection III pp. 322–3 60. ed. Bingham, SelectionIII p. 321 61.Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 570 62. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 233 63. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 234 64. Foch, ‘La Battaille de Laon’ p. 11 65. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise pp. 236–7 66. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 237 67. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 238 68. AN 440 AP 1269. Ross,Reluctant King p. 228 70. Marmont, Memoirs p. 69 71. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 241 72. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 241 73. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 425, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 27, McLynn, Napoleon p. 584, Anon., ‘More about Napoleon’ p. 228 74. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 245, ed. North,Napoleon on Elba p. 64 75. Chardigny, L’Homme Napoléon pp. 154–5 76. Ashby, Napoleon against Great Odds p. 272 77. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 87–8 78. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 245 79. ed. Lacour-Gayet, Chancellor Pasquier p. 146, Bausset, Private Memoirs pp. 398–402 80. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 249 81.Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 405 82. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 249 83. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 121, Mikaberidze, ‘Russian Eagles over the Seine’ pp. 155–6 84. eds. Tulard and Garros, Itinéraire p. 444 85. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 122 86. ed. Gallatin, Diary of James Gallatin p. 53, Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 22687. INV AA 1751–1758, 1761 88. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 123, Mikaberidze, ‘Russian Eagles over the Seine’ p. 158 89. Bourrienne, Memoirs IV p. 230 90. Waresquiel, Talleyrand p. 125 91. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 568 92. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 569 93. Innocenti, ‘Souls Not Wanting’ p. 51 94. Houssaye, Campaign of 1814 p. 502 95. ed. Rousset,Recollections of Marshal Macdonald II pp. 246–7 96. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 572 97. Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 183, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 65 98. Cronin, Napoleon p. 554, Raguse, Mémoires VI p. 274 99. Houssaye, Campaign of 1814 p. 499

29. ELBA

Metternich on 1815 comes from ed. Metternich, Memoirs III pp. 338–9 Napoleon on board HMS Northumberland comes from Warden, Letters Written on Board HMS Northumberland p. 58 1. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 570, ed. Cisterne, Journal de marche p. 250, ed. Park, Napoleon in Captivity p. 36 2. Houssaye, The Campaign of 1814 p. 507, Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 573, Fain Memoirs of the Invasion p. 212 3. Houssaye, The Campaign of 1814 p. 507 4. Houssaye, The Campaign of 1814 p. 508 5. SHD GR6.YD/1 6. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 191 7. Houssaye, The Campaign of 1814 p. 508 8. Houssaye, Campaign of 1814 p. 511 9. Kauffmann, Black Room at Longwood, p. xvii 10. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 32 n. 31 11. ed. Rousset, Recollections of Marshal Macdonald II p. 197 12. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 17 13. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 258 14. Bausset, Private Memoirs p. 423 15. Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 258; Philip Dwyer dates it to April 7 in eds. Dwyer and McPhee, The French Revolution and Napoleon p. 191; Wairy says April 11 in ed. Jones, Napoleon: An Intimate Account p. 420 16. Saint-Denis, Napoleon from the Tuileries to St Helena p. 66 17. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam pp. 196–7, ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 262 18. Montholon, History of the Captivity III p. 135, Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 259 19. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 263 20. Lentz, L’Effondrement p. 574, Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 259 21. ed. Rousset, Recollections of Marshal Macdonald II p. 199 22. ed. Rousset, Recollections of Marshal Macdonald II p. 199 23. ed. Cottin, Souvenirs de Roustam p. 198 24. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 1425.Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 264 26. Kerry, First Napoleon pp. 71–2 27. ed. Jones, Napoleon: An Intimate Account p. 420 28. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 30 29. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 18 30. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 19 31. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 37–8, 46 32. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 20 33. ed. North,Napoleon on Elba p. 27 34. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 25 35. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 27 36. Montholon, History of the Captivity I p. 1 37. Wolff, Island Empire pp. 158–9 38. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 167 39. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 31–2 40. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 32 41. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 33 42.Wolff,Island Empire p. 159, Fain, Memoirs of the Invasion p. 267 43. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 34–5, Wolff, Island Empire pp. 159–60, Rovigo, Mémoires VII pp. 212–13, AN 400AP/5 44. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 269 45. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 39 46. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 47 47. BNF NAF 20071 p. 2 48.ed. Rose, Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 32 49. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 47 50. ed. Rose, Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 36 51. ed. Rose, Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 46 52. ed. Rose, Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 51 53. ed. Rose, Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 52 54. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 62 55. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 64, ed. Rose,Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 52 56. ed. Bingham, Selection II p. 4, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 31 57. ed. Rose, Napoleon’s Last Voyages p. 52, ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 62, Wolff, Island Empire pp. 8–9, Houssaye, The Return of Napoleon p. 4 58. ed. Tarbell, Napoleon’s Addresses p. xvii 59. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 74 60. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 81 61. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 138 n. 2 and p. 56 62. ed. Cerf, Letters to Josephine p. 234 63. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 99 64. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 105 65. Christophe, Napoleon on Elba p. 138 66. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 277 67. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 277, ed. Palmstierna,Dearest Louise pp. 222–3 68. Saint-Amand, Marie-Louise and the Decadence of Empire p. 2 69. ed. Palmstierna, Dearest Louise p. 223 70. Pocock, Stopping Napoleon pp. 211–12, Sutherland, Marie Walewska pp. 218ff 71. Kissinger, A World Restored passim 72. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 82, Ebrington, Memorandum p. 27 73. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 95 74. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 105 75. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 95, ed. Gallatin, Diary of James Gallatin p. 54 76. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 140 77. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 95 78. ed. Rowe, Collaboration and Resistance p. 22 79. Forrest, Napoleon p. 280. Some priests even refused the sacrament to purchasers ofbiens nationaux. Alexander, Bonapartism and Revolutionary Tradition p. 3 80. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters pp. 28–42, CN28 no. 21714 p. 30 81. Daly, Inside Napoleonic France p. 256, McPhee, Social History p. 88 82. Ebrington, ‘Conversation’ passim 83. Bodleian MS Curzon e.1. p. 18 84. Fleischmann, En Écoutant Parler p. 3185. Alexander, Bonapartism and Revolutionary Tradition p. 4 86. Cobban, Modern France II p. 65 87. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 167 88. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 14, 159 89. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 140 n. 75, 165, Holland, Foreign Reminiscences p. 196 90. Hobhouse, Recollections I pp. 178–83 91. Hobhouse,Recollections I p. 18392. Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 187 93. Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 188 94. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 166 95. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 177 96. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 177 n. 86 97. Fleury de Chaboulon, Memoirs I pp. 55–6 98. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 172, Pocock, Stopping Napoleon p. 216 99.Kircheisen,Napoleon p. 685 100. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 172 101. ed. Hanoteau, Queen Hortense II p. 213 102. Fraser, Venus of Empire p. 216 103. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 225 104. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 66 n. 2 105. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba pp. 188–9, Mudford, An Historical Account p. 56 106. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 55 107. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 55 108. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 172 109. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 178 110. CN28 no. 21682 p. 3 111. CN28 no. 21681 p. 1 112. eds. Dwyer and McPhee, The French Revolution and Napoleon pp. 195–6 113. Jarrett, Congress of Vienna p. 158 114. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 57115. ed. North, Napoleon on Elba p. 179 116. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 17 117. CN28 no. 21684–6 pp. 6–7 118. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage pp. 41–2, Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 58 119. Rovigo, Mémoires VII pp. 351–2 120. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 55 121. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 183 122. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 175 123. ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena p. 90 124. Houssaye, The Return of Napoleon p. 66, Reiset, Souvenirs III p. 75 125. Waresquiel, Les cent jours p. 241 126. Houssaye, The Return of Napoleon p. 67, BNF Micr D71/86, Le Moniteur 9/3/1815 127. Thornton, Napoleon after Waterloo p. 54 128. Atteridge, Marshal Ney p. 170 129. Atteridge, Marshal Ney p. 170130.Houssaye, Return of Napoleon p. 110 131. Houssaye, Return of Napoleon p. 108 132. Atteridge, Marshal Ney p. 172 133. ed. Fleischmann, L’Épopée Impériale pp. 390–91, ed. Routier, Récits d’un soldat pp. 175–6 134. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II pp. 418–19 135. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 154 136. Villemain, Souvenirs II p. 48 137.Lavalette,Memoirs p. 150

30. WATERLOO

Napoleon on Waterloo comes from Field, Waterloo p. 22 Napoleon’s Maxim comes from ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 109 1. Rapp, Memoirs p. 13 2. ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 281 3. AN 286 AP3 dossier 32 4. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 213 5. BNF Micr D.71/86 Le Moniteur 21/3/1815 6. Rapp, Memoirs p. 4 7. ed. Cottin,Souvenirs de Roustam, p. xxxv 8. BNF Micr D.71/86 9. ed. Schlumberger, Lettres p. 245 10. CN28 no. 21696 p. 20 11. CN28 no. 21711 p. 29 12. Gallaher, ‘Davout and Napoleon’ p. 7 13. CN28 no. 21896 p. 177 14. SHD GR16/C21 and SHD GR 15.C/39 15. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 187 16. CN28 no 21987 p. 241 17. Marshall-Cornwall,Marshal Masséna p. 259 18. Jourquin, Dictionnaire des Marechaux pp. 70–71 19. SHD GR6.YD/1, ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 420, Macirone, Interesting Facts pp. 146–8 20. Chandler, On the Napoleonic Wars p. 112 21. ed. Stiegler, Récits de guerre p. 307 22. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters pp. 116–17 23. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 118 24. CN28 nos. 21813, 21948 pp. 102, 214 25. Mudford, An Historical Account p. 193 26. CN28 no. 21761 p. 66 27. CN28 no. 21876 p. 162 28. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 73 29. Charvet, Literary History p. 57 30. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 72 31. Beslay, Souvenirs p. 50, Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters pp. 88, 122–4, McPhee, Social History p. 88, CN28 nos. 21743 and 21753 pp. 51, 60 32. CN28 no. 21769 p. 76 33. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 160 34. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 126 35. CN28 no. 21713 p. 29 36. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 87 37. ed. Palmstierna, Dearest Louise p. 226 38. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 18 39. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 18 40. Bluche, Le plébiscite p. 36 n. 109, ed. Fontana, Benjamin Constant pp. 11–13, eds. Dwyer and McPhee, The French Revolution and Napoleon p. 199 41. Daly, Inside Napoleonic France p. 257, ed. Rowe, Collaboration and Resistance p. 29 42. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 15043.Emsley, Napoleon p. 116, Daly, Inside Napoleonic France p. 258 44. Alexander, Bonapartism and Revolutionary Tradition p. 284 45. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 225 46. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 189 47. ed. Butler, Baron Thiébault II p. 420 48. BNF Micr D.71/86, CN28 no. 21997 p. 246 49. Le Moniteur 2/6/1815 50.Hobhouse,Substance of Some Letters pp. 190–94, Williams, A Narrative p. 160 51. Williams, A Narrative p. 166 52. CN28 no. 22030 p. 265 53. CN28 no. 22030 p. 265 54. Thornton, Napoleon after Waterloo p. 56 55. CN28 no. 21733 p. 44 56. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage pp. 45–6 57. CN28 no. 22052 p. 281 58. Davies, Wellington’s Warsp. 226 59.CN28 no. 21999 p. 249 60. Houssaye, 1815 III p. 48 61. Chandler, Campaigns of Napoleon p. 1040 62. Muir, Tactics and the Experience of Battle p. 147 63. Hayman, Soult p. 227 64. Field, Waterloo p. 29 65. Rose, Napoleon I p. 88 66. Gardner, Quatre Bras p. 127 67. Macbride, With Napoleon at Waterloo p. 182 68. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 117 69. Field, Waterloo p. 31 70. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 189 71. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 150 72. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 128 73. Fantin des Odoards, Journal p. 431 74. Albermarle, Fifty Years II p. 21, Quarterly Review July 1875 p. 225, Forrest, Napoleon p. 308 75. CG7 no. 15797 p. 862 76. Adkin, Waterloo Companion p. 79 77.Albermarle, Fifty Years II p. 23 78. Pétiet, Souvenirs Militaires pp. 195–6 79. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 125 80. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 120 81. Forsyth, History of the Captivity I p. 140 82. Germain, Drouët d’Erlon pp. 175–6, Field, Waterloo p. 32, D’Erlon, Vie militaire p. 96 83. D’Erlon, Vie militaire, pp. 96–7 84.Balcombe, To Befriend p. 117 85. D’Erlon, Vie militaire pp. 96–7, ed. Maricourt, Général Noguès p. 270 86. Field, Waterloo p. 33, Macbride, With Napoleon at Waterloo p. 183 87. Saint-Denis, Napoleon from the Tuileries to St Helena p. 113 88. Mauduit, Les derniers jours II p. 231 89. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 143 90. Gardner, Quatre Bras p. 37 n. 18 91. SHD GR15/C5/18 June 1815 92. Hayman, Soult p. 228, Houssaye 1815 III pp. 244ff 93. ed. Girod de l’Ain, Vie militaire pp. 278–9 94. Macbride, With Napoleon at Waterloo p. 183 95. Gardner, Quatre Bras p. 222 96. Adkin, Waterloo Companion p. 79 97. Gardner, Quatre Bras p. 236 n. 148, Albermarle, Fifty Years p. 21, Quarterly Review July 1875 p. 225 98. SHD GR15/C5/18 June 1815, Houssaye, 1815 III pp. 191–2, Hayman, Soult p. 230 99. Field, Waterloo p. 43 100. SHD GR15/C5/18 June 1815 101. ed. Jennings, Croker Papers I p. 340 102. Bonaparte, Jérôme, Mémoires et Correspondance VII p. 95, Boudon, Le roi Jérôme p. 442 103. ed. Lévi, Mémoires du Capitaine Duthilt pp. 391ff 104. ed. Chandler, Military Maxims p. 187 105. Linck, Napoleon’s Generals p. 62 106. Davies, Wellington’s Wars p. 239 107. Roberts, Waterloo pp. 126–8 108. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 126 109. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon pp. 126, 129 110. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 129 111. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 189 112.D’Erlon, Vie militaire pp. 96–8 113. ed. Brett-James, Hundred Days p. 139 114. Ropes, Campaign of Waterloo p. 337 115. Levasseur, Souvenirs Militaires pp. 303–4 116. Fuller, Decisive Battles p. 204 117. Williams, A Narrative p. 184 118. Smith, ‘General Petit’s Account’ 119. ed. Kerry, First Napoleon p. 131 120. Macbride, With Napoleon at Waterloo pp. 184–5 121. Smith, Data Book, p. 539 122. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 187, Lancesseur, L’Enigme de Waterloo p. 146

31. ST HELENA

Napoleon to Marie Louise comes from ed. Roncière, Letters to Marie-Louise p. 60 Napoleon on Themistocles comes from ed. Frayling, Napoleon Wrote Fiction p. 37 1. ed. Lecestre, Lettres inédites II pp. 357–8 2. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 191 3. SHD GR17.C/193 4. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 2 5. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 2406. Montholon, History of the Captivity I p. 4 7. CN28 no. 22062 p. 299 8. Villepin, Les cent jours p. 450 9. Williams, A Narrative pp. 189–91 10. Hobhouse, Substance of Some Letters p. 244, Unger, Lafayette p. 345 11. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 25 12. CN28 no. 22061 p. 293, Le Moniteur 21/6/1815, BNF Micr D.71/86 13. ed. Calmettes,Général Thiébault V pp. 373–4 14. Montholon, History of the Captivity I p. 7 15. CN28 no. 22063 p. 299, BNF Micr D.71/86, Le Moniteur 23/6/1815 16. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 3, Lavalette, Memoirs p. 172 17. Lavalette, Memoirs p. 171 18. BNF Micr D.71/86, Le Moniteur 24/6/1815 19. ed. Jennings, Croker Papers I p. 62 20. Rovigo,Mémoires VIII pp. 175–6 21. ed. Jennings, Croker Papers I p. 328 22. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 264 23. ed. Jennings, Croker Papers I p. 68 24. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 12 n. 2 25. Markham, ‘Napoleon’s Last Hours’ p. 39 26. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 48 27. Markham, ‘Napoleon’s Last Hours’ p. 42 28. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon pp. 175–6, Bodleian MS Curzon d.2 passim 29. CN28 no. 22066 p. 301 30. Sherwig, Guineas and Gunpowder pp. 345, 368 31. Rovigo, Mémoires IV p. 161 32. The Times 15 July 1830 33. Smith, Data Book pp. 535–60 34. Markham, ‘Napoleon’s Last Hours’ p. 47 35. ed. Jones, In Napoleon’s Shadow pp. 285–6 36. Markham, ‘Napoleon’s Last Hours’ p. 48, Home, Memoirs of an Aristocrat p. 212 37. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 77 38. Home, Memoirs of an Aristocrat p. 227 39. Markham, ‘The Emperor at Work’ p. 587 40. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 85 41. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 98 42. ed. Londonderry, Memoirs and Correspondence X p. 415 43. Maitland,Surrender of Napoleon p. 10744. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 118 45. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 137 46. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 25, Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 130 47. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 141 48. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 154 49. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 173 50. Cockburn,Buonaparte’s Voyage pp. 15–16, ed. Kemble, St Helena pp. 7–8, Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 12, 80, Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 40 51. Maitland, Surrender of Napoleon p. 189, Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 15 52. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 51 53. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage pp. 17–18 54. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage passim, Latimer, Talks pp. 29–3155. Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 60 56. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 29, Cockburn, Buonaparte’s Voyage p. 40 57. Palmer, Napoleon and Marie Louise p. 201 58. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 31 59. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 1, ed. Latimer, Talks p. 33 60. Blackburn, The Emperor’s Last Island p. 5 61.Tulard, Dictionnaire amoureux p. 505 62.Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 11 63. ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena p. 13 64. Interview with Michel Dancoisne-Martineau at Longwood 4/5/2013 65. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 37 66. Tyrwhitt MSS Osborn fc112 no. 22 67. Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 34, 135 68. Balcombe, To Befriendpp. 42–3 69. Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 43–470. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 55 71. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 56 72. Balcombe, To Befriend pp. 83–5, 166 73. Bodleian MS Curzon e1. p. 12, ed. Kemble, St Helena p. 2, Giles, Napoleon Bonaparte p. 111 74. Montholon, Journal secret p. 8 75. Vernon, Early Recollections p. 168 76. Rosebery, Last Phase p. 62 77. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helenap. 22 78. Brunyee, Napoleon’s Britons p. 81 79. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 142 80. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 191 81. ed. Park, Napoleon in Captivity p. 36 82. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 221 83. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 145 84. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 259 85. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 245 86. Forsyth, History of the Captivity I p. 137 87. BL Add. MS 56088 fols. 89–90 88. BL Add. MS 56088 fols. 97ff 89. BL Add. MS 56088 fol. 101 90. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena pp. 55–6 91. Albermarle, Fifty Years II p. 103 92. Rosebery, Last Phase p. 68 93. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 17, BL Add. MS 80775 fol. 143, 20202 fol. 42, Balcombe, To Befriend p. 115 94.BL Lowe Papers 20202 fol. 20 95. Unwin, Terrible Exile pp. 184–5, Forsyth, History of the Captivity III pp. 224–5 96. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 188 97. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 199 98. ed. Walter, Las Cases p. viii 99. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 240–42 100. Branda, Le prix de la gloire p. 77 101. Forrest, Napoleon p. 304 102. Balcombe,To Befriend pp. 67–9 103. ed. Park, Napoleon in Captivity pp. 149, 153–5 104. ed. Park, Napoleon in Captivity p. 161 105. ed. Park, Napoleon in Captivity pp. 166–7 106. ed. Arnold, Documentary Survey p. 138 107. Bertrand, Cahiers II p. 344 108. Tulard, Napoleon: The Myth of the Saviour p. 346, ed. Woloch, Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom p. 36 109. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 286 110. Rouart, Napoléon ou la destinée p. 9 111. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 208 112. ed. Haythornthwaite, Final Verdict p. 301 113. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 207, 210, 218 114. Grouchy, Doubts of the Authenticity pp. 3–4 115. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 39 116. ed. Haythornthwaite,Final Verdict p. 197 117. Martineau, Napoleon’s St Helena p. 49 118. Healey, Literary Culture p. 82 119. ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena p. 7 120. ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena pp. 29, 31–2, Bodleian MS Curzon e.1. p. 17, O’Meara, Napoleon in Exile I pp. 284–6 121. ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena p. 50 122. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 163 123.Balcombe, To Befriend p. 182, ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena p. 103 124. BL Lowe Papers 20156 fol. 2 125. BL Lowe Papers 20156 passim 126. Bertrand, Cahiers I p. 118, AN 390/AP/32 127. Jackson, Notes and Reminiscences p. 153 128. Forrest, Napoleon p. 309, ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 258–60 129. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 276, Constant, Memoirs of Constant I p. 162 130. CN31 p. 579, Browning,Napoleon pp. 283–4 131. Griffin, ‘Philosophy, Cato and Roman Suicide’ p. 1 132. ed. Bingham, Selection I p. 392 133. CN32 p. 70 134. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 245 135. ed. Wilson, Diary of St Helena p. 152 136. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 265 137. ed. Latimer, Talks pp. 201–3 138. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 154 139. Balcombe, To Befriend p. 182 140.Richardson, The Apocalypse of Napoleon p. 223, Weider and Hapgood, Murder of Napoleon pp. 175–6, ed. Jones, Napoleon: An Intimate Account p. 425, Forrest, Napoleon p. 310 141. Hobhouse, Recollections I p. 185 142. BL Lowe Papers 20156 fols. 30ff 143. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 5 144. Bruce, Napoleon and Josephine p. 500, Fraser, Venus of Empire, p. 250, Hibbert, Napoleon: His Wives and Women p. 331 145. ed. Noailles, Count Molé p. 124 146. Richardson, The Apocalypse of Napoleon p. 229 147. Bodleian MS Curzon e1. pp. 2–3 148. Bodleian MS Curzon c.2. pp.1–2 149. My thanks for Drs Guy O’Keeffe and Michael Crumplin 150. Richardson, Napoleon’s Deathp. 166, Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 10 151. NYPL Napoleon I folder 3 152. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 10 153. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 10 154. ed. Latimer, Talks p. 139 155. eds. Chevallier et al., Sainte-Hélène p. 70 156. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 5, Masson, Napoleon at St Helena p. 246 157. Masson,Napoleon at St Helena p. 247 158. Masson, Napoleon at St Helena p. 248 159. Masson, Napoleon at St Helena p. 248 160. BL Lowe Papers 20157 fol. 3 Arnott 161. BL Lowe Papers 20157 fol. 3 162. AN 400AP/5 163. ed. Jonge, Napoleon’s Last Will p. 78 164. ed. Jonge,Napoleon’s Last Will p. 36 165. ed. Jonge, Napoleon’s Last Will p. 46 166.ed. Jonge, Napoleon’s Last Will p. 36 167. ed. Jonge, Napoleon’s Last Will p. 46 168. ed. Jonge, Napoleon’s Last Will p. 36 169. Richardson, Napoleon’s Death p. 163 170. ed. Marchand, Précis des Guerres de César p. 3 171. ed. Marchand, Précis des Guerres de César p. 15, Richardson, Napoleon’s Death pp. 163–4, Antommarchi, Last Days of Napoleon II p. 152 172. ed. Marchand, Précis des Guerres de César p. 14 173. Albermarle, Fifty Years II p. 105 174. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 7, Richardson, Napoleon’s Death p. 164, Antommarchi, Last Days of Napoleon II p. 105 175. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 11 176. Henry, Trifles from My Portfolio II p. 11 177. Balcombe,To Befriend p. 116 178. BNF NAF 25548