Prologue
1. Tucson Citizen, May 21, 1882; San Francisco Exchange, March 17, 1881.
2. Tombstone Epitaph, August 14, 1880; The Law in Tombstone. Ordinances Relevant in the Preliminary Hearing in the Earp/Holliday Case, Heard before Judge Wells Spicer, November 1881; http//law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/trials/earp/ordinances.html.
3. New York Times, December 14, 1989; Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1994; Tombstone publicity kit, Author’s collection.
Chapter One
1. Oregon Historical Quarterly, Vol. 87, No. 4 (Winter, 1986), 371–72.
2. Lucius Morris Beebe and Charles Clegg, The American West: The Pictorial Epic of a Continent; William Henry Bishop, Mexico, California and Arizona, 488; Ed Schieffelin, Marilyn F. Butler, ed., Destination Tombstone: Adventures of a Prospector, 80–84; www.mininghalloffame.org/inductee/schieffelin.
3. John Myers Myers, The Last Chance: Tombstone’s Early Years, 18, 29.
4. Oregon Historical Quarterly, Vol. 87, No. 4 (Winter, 1986). Moore, 371–72; Casey Tefertiller, Wyatt Earp: The Life Behind the Legend, 35; Jeff Guinn, The Last Gunfight: The Real Story of the Shootout at the O.K. Corral—And How It Changed the American West, 63; Alice E. Love, The History of Tombstone to 1887, unpublished thesis in University of Arizona library, 1933, 9; Myers, 32.
5. Los Angeles Times, April 22, 2011; True West, October 4, 2011.
6. True West, October 4, 2011.
7. Roger Ebert, “Glory,” January 12, 1990, www.rogerebert.com; Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1990.
8. Duncan Bowles, “Cary Elwes Interview: Saw 3D, Glory and The Princess Bride,” October 25, 2010, www.denofgeek.com/movies/saw/16540/cary-elwes-interview-saw-3d-glory-and-the-princess-bride#ixzz4G7BtG3SV.
9. Variety, December 13, 1989.
10. Tom Lisanti, Dueling Harlows: Race to the Silver Screen, 207; The San Bernardino County Sun, April 16, 1993; Variety, August 22, 1994; Variety, May 7, 1997.
11. Entertainment Weekly, January 8, 1993, December 24, 1993; “Hannah’s Law film review,” June 4, 2012, http://henryswesternroundup.blogspot.com/2012/06/hallmarks-hannahs-law-saturday.html; The Hollywood Reporter, December 17, 1992; Peter Sherayko interview.
12. Peter Sherayko interview.
13. Variety, April 8, 1993; The Hollywood Reporter, January 12, 1993.
14. http://elenasandidge.com/2014/01/27/behind-the-scenes-of-tombstone-an-interview-with-peter-sherayko/; Michael F. Blake, Hollywood and the O.K. Corral: Portrayals of the Gunfight and Wyatt Earp, 155–56; http://www.angelfire.com/ga/napalousa/tomb.html; Howard Hughes, Stagecoach to Tombstone: The Filmgoers Guide to the Great Westerns, 240; Jeff Morey interview.
15. Jim Dunham interview; Jim Dunham letter to author, May 16, 2017.
16. Peter Sherayko interview; Jim Dunham interview; Jeff Morey letter to author, May 10, 2017.
17. www.elenasandidge.com/2014/01/27/behind-the-scenes-of-tombstone-an-interview-with-peter-sherayko/; www.examiner.com/westerns-in-national/making-tombstone-the-movie; http://henryswesternroundup.blogspot.com/2012/06/hallmarks-hannahs-law-saturday.html; Peter Sherayko interview.
18. http://henryswesternroundup.blogspot.com/2012/06/hallmarks-hannahs-law-saturday.html; Film Review, October 1994; Entertainment Weekly, January 8, 1993; The Oklahoman, June 24, 1994; Los Angeles Times, August 5, 1994; Robert Palmquist interview; Jeff Morey interview.
19. Meredith Borders, “Showdown at Two O.K. Corrals,” March 31, 2016, http://birthmoviesdeath.com/2016/03/31/showdown-at-two-ok-corrals; The Oklahoman, June 24, 1994; Variety, April 29, 1993; Jeff Morey interview.
20. Kevin Jarre, November 5, 1992, second draft of Tombstone script.
21. Ibid.
22. Jarre, November 5, 1992, Tombstone script, 1–8.
23. Ibid., 11–17.
24. Ibid., 27–29; Lonnie E. Underhill, The Bird Cage Theater, Tombstone, Arizona, 5, 8; Claire E. Willson, Mimes and Miners, 9–10, 13; The Smoke Signal, Spring 1966, 52.
25. Jarre, November 5, 1992, Tombstone script, 38–45; Arizona Historical markers; The Tombstone Epitaph, September 9, 1880; Ben Traywick, This Is Tombstone: The Town Too Tough to Die, 26.
26. Arizona Historical markers; Jarre, November 5, 1992, Tombstone script, 45.
27. Jarre, November 5, 1992, Tombstone script, 49–54; www.americancowboychronicles.com.
28. Jarre, November 5, 1992, Tombstone script, 54–55.
29. Ibid., 56–62.
30. Ibid., 70–76.
31. Ibid., 76–78.
32. Ibid., 82–83.
33. Ibid., 85.
34. Ibid., 93–98.
35. Ibid., 98–110.
36. Ibid., 110–113.
37. Ibid., 114–115.
38. Ibid., 122.
39. Ibid., 127–130.
40. Ibid., 130–132; Blake, 160.
41. Ibid., 132–135.
42. Blake, 160, 163, 173; Films in Review, Vol. XLV, No. ?, Issue 2; Los Angeles Times, December 31, 1993; Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1994; Los Angeles Times, April 23, 2011; True West, October 1, 2006; True West, October 4, 2011; cdn2-b.examiner.com/article/making-tombstone-the-movie; Peter Sherayko interview; http://www.armchairgeneral.com/forums/showthread.php?t=109425.
43. Los Angeles Times, August 5, 1994; http://birthmoviesdeath.com/2016/03/31/showdown-at-two-ok-corrals.
44. The Hollywood Reporter, December 17, 1992; The Hollywood Reporter, January 12, 1993; The Hollywood Reporter, February 12, 1993; The Hollywood Reporter, April 13, 1993; Variety, December 7, 17, 1992; Blake, 162n240; Jeff Morey letter to author, December 2, 3, 2016; Arizona Republic, July 18, 1993.
45. Los Angeles Times, February 4, 1990; Los Angeles Times, July 26, 1990; Variety, July 12, 1990.
46. Entertainment Weekly, July 15, 1994.
47. Variety, July 12, 23, 25, 1990; Los Angeles Times, July 24, 1990; Los Angeles Times, August 7, 1990.
48. MovieMaker, December 1, 1996; People, May 29, 1995; Variety, January 15, 1994.
49. http://birthmoviesdeath.com/2016/03/31/showdown-at-two-ok-corrals; Peter Sherayko interview; Entertainment Weekly, January 8, 1993.
50. Variety, August 17, 1994.
51. True West, October 1, 2006; Blake, 161; Esquire, October 25, 2015.
52. The Hollywood Reporter, February 12, 1993.
Chapter Two
1. Guinn, 63–64; Alice E. Love, History of Tombstone to 1887, unpublished thesis (Tucson: The University of Arizona, 1933), 11; Myers, 35, 69–70, 93.
2. http://www.tombstoneweb.com/history.html; Guinn, 60; Thomas Peterson, “The Tombstone Stagecoach Lines, 1878–1903: A Study in Frontier Transportation,” thesis, University of Arizona, Department of History, 1968, 5; Eric Clements, After the Boom in Tombstone and Jerome, Arizona: Decline in Western Resource Towns, 25; Arizona Weekly Citizen, September 28, 1878; Arizona Weekly Citizen, March 7, 1879; Arizona Weekly Citizen, July 18, 1879; Arizona Weekly Citizen, September 27, 1879.
3. Tombstone historical marker.
4. Jane Eppinga, Tombstone: Images of America, 95.
5. Chicago Tribune, January 5, 1878; Historic Resources Inventory and Report of Tombstone, Arizona. Johns & Strittmatter Inc., 1996 (tDAR id: 399349); doi:10.6067/XCV8G162MJ; Arizona Weekly Citizen, October 26, 1878; The Arizona Sentinel, December 14, 1878; The Arizona Sentinel, January 11, 1879; Weekly Republican, December 21, 1878; Arizona Weekly Star, December 9, 1879; Chicago Daily Tribune, January 5, 1879; Los Angeles Herald, October 29, 1879; Arizona Daily Star, January 21, 1879; Arizona Daily Star, August 23, 1879; San Francisco Chronicle, November 28, 1879; Ben T. Traywick, 1879 Census Tombstone as Taken by Pima County Sheriff Charles A. Shibell on September 18, 19, and 20, 1879, 19, 21; Daily Arizona Citizen, November 3, 1879; Clements, 35.
6. The Sacramento Daily Record-Union, March 11, 1880; The Sacramento Daily Record-Union, April 21, 1880; The Sacramento Daily Record-Union, May 3, 1880; The Sacramento Daily Record-Union, July 2, 14, 1880; http://bignosekates.info/history1.html; Tombstone Epitaph, September 29, 1880.
7. Ron Fischer, The Tombstone Business Directory 1880–1884, 2–5; Arizona Weekly Citizen, December 4, 1880.
8. Cowboys & Indians, June, 2010; Jeff Morey letter to author December 2, 2016; http://henryswesternroundup.blogspot.com/2012/06/hallmarks-hannahs-law-saturday.html; Peter Sherayko interview; True West, October 2006; Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994; Lisa Zane letter to author, November 22, 2017; http://rheaven.blogspot.com; Trail Dust, Winter 1994; letter from Lisa Zane to author, September 12, 2017.
9. Chris Mitchum interview; Variety, February 22, 1993; Variety, March 1, 1993; Variety, May 6, 1993; Variety, June 29, 1993; Tombstone publicity kit, Author’s collection; Trail Dust, Fall/Winter 2008, Vol. VII, no. 1; Frank Stallone interview; Stephen Lang letter to author, April 7, 2017; Lisa Zane letter to author, November 22, 2017; Gary Roberts response to Wild West letter to editor, June 2017.
10. John Philbin interview.
11. J. Nathan Simmons interview; Los Angeles Times, December 25, 1993.
12. Time-Life, 100 Years of Hollywood, Our American Century, 109.
13. www.collider.com.
14. Tombstone press book, Author’s collection; Paul Lawton, Images of America, Old Tucson Studios, 99–101; Matt Marich interview; Catherine Hardwicke interview, “The Making of Tombstone … Making an Authentic Western,” Buena Vista, 2002; Chris Swinney interview; Catherine Hardwicke interview; Production Cost Report, 09/18/93, BFC.
15. Catherine Hardwicke interview, “The Making of Tombstone…”; Matt Marich interview; letter from Mark Worthington, Catherine Hardwicke, Tombstone Productions to Dan Aylward, Nicola Hartmann, Old Tucson, April 27, 1993; Jeff Morey interview.
16. Catherine Hardwicke interview.
17. Tucson Daily Citizen, July 7, 1967; Tucson Daily Citizen, October 19, 1967; Tombstone Art Department memo, April 26, 1993.
18. Tombstone Art Department memo, April 26, 1993.
19. Contract between Tombstone Productions and Old Tucson studios; draft letter between Daniel Aylward and Terry Collis, BFC; Paul, Allen, Paul. “Earps ride into Tucson: Filming on the movie ‘Tombstone’ will begin May 17 in southern Arizona,” Undated; Tombstone Production Cost Report, 05/29/93, BFC; Tombstone Art Department memo, April 26, 1993.
20. Old Tucson/Cinergi rental agreement, Various, May–July 1993; Joanne Gammon interview; Brian Stewart letter to author, December 15, 2016.
21. Joanne Gammon interview; Matt Marich letter to author, February 18, 2017.
22. Kasdan, 18–19; Matt Marich interview.
23. Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1994; John Peel interview.
24. Robert Burke interview.
25. Blake, 165; Joseph Porro interview.
26. Peter Sherayko interview; Peter Sherayko, Tombstone: The Guns and Gear, 145; Blake, 163.
27. Peter Sherayko interview; Sherayko, 105–6; True West, July 9, 2013.
28. Joseph Porro interview; Peter Sherayko letter to author, June 6, 2017; Trail Dust, Winter 1994.
29. Joseph Porro interview; Tombstone History Discussion Forum, Jeff Morey, February 2, 2011; Paula Mitchell Marks, And Die in the West: The Story of the O.K. Corral Gunfight, 139; Dickie Stanley interview.
30. Old Tucson/Cinerig rental agreement, Various, May–July 1993.
31. Rick Terry interview.
32. Tom Hirt interview; Tom Hirt Facebook page, “The hats of Tombstone.”
33. Tom Hirt interview.
34. Ibid.
35. Peter Sherayko interview.
36. Renee Clothier interview.
Chapter Three
1. Jeff Guinn, The Last Gunfight, The Real Story of the Showdown at the O.K. Corral—And How It Changed the American West, 10–12.
2. Louis L’Amour, How the West Was Won, 14; American Experience, Wyatt Earp: Hero, Outlaw, Legend, Paul Hutton, historian, PBS, 2010; Roger Lax and Frederick Smith, The Great Song Thesaurus, 377; Margaret Bradford Boni, ed., The Fireside Book of Favorite American Songs, 307.
3. Guinn, 89.
4. Glenn Frankel, The Searchers: The Making of an American Legend, 31–2; www.dps.texas.gov/TexasRangers/HistoricalDevelopment.htm; Handbook of Texas Online, Ben Procter, “Texas Rangers.” www.tshaonline.org/handbook/nline/articles/met04; Christina Claridy, Indians and Rangers in 19th Century Texas.
5. Marshall Trimble, Arizona Outlaws and Lawmen: Gunslingers, Bandits, Heroes and Peacekeepers, 10.
6. http://online.nmartmuseum.org/nmhistory/growing-new-mexico/tourism/history-tourism.html; Arizoniana, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 1961).
7. Arizoniana, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 1961); Rangelands, 14(5), October 1992.
8. Arizona Daily Star, January 20, 2008; Eddie Perez interview; Charles Schneider interview; Glen Gold interview.
9. John Peel interview; Jerry Crandall interview; Kane Rubalcaba interview; Tom Ward interview.
10. Forrie Smith interview; Jerry Crandall interview; Judy Crandall letter to author, February 1, 2017; Judy Crandall letter to author, May 15, 2017; Peter Sherayko letter to all Buckaroos, April 21, 1993; John Peel interview; Reggie Byrum interview; Tom Ward Facebook post, October 31, 2017; Tom Ward interview; Chris Ramirez interview; Charley Ward interview.
11. Arizona Republic, May 12, 1993; Variety, April 29, 1993; Variety, May 6, 1993; Variety, May 12, 1993.
12. Tony Bill, Movie Speak: How to Talk Like You Belong on a Film Set, 23.
13. Karie Lord interview; Robert Palmquist interview; Nancy Sosa interview; Catherine Hardwicke interview.
14. Arizona Daily Star, December 25, 1993.
15. Bill Getzwiler interview.
16. Larry Zeug interview; July 14, 1993, list of motel rooms/housing accommodations; Elly McFadden interview.
17. John Peel interview.
18. Chris Ramierez interview; Jerry Tarantino interview.
19. May 8, 1993, Tombstone final budget #2, BFC; May 14, 1993, memo from Tombstone AD’s to cast and crew, BFC.
20. True West, August 25, 2017.
21. Robert Burke interview.
22. John Philbin interview.
23. Ben Traywick interview; Stephen Lang letter to author, April 7, 2017.
24. www.bradleydpettit.blogspot.com/2011/06/my interview with actor Michael Biehn.
25. Gary Gang interview; Robert Burke interview; Larry Zeug interview.
26. Gary Gang interview; Robert Burke interview; Gary Gang letter to author, November 18, 2017; Lisa Zane letter to author, November 22, 2017.
27. Red Wolverton interview; Western Horseman, November 2004; The Morgan Horse, July 2014; Tom Ward, Facebook post, November 16, 2017.
28. Bobby Vincent interview; Larry Zeug interview.
29. May 10, 1993, master shooting schedule, BFC; Tombstone maps given to cast and crew.
30. Larry Zeug interview.
31. www.armchairgeneral.com; wn.com; Dave Cox letter to author, March 30, 2017; Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994.
32. Tom Ward interview.
33. Charley Ward interview.
34. Nikki Pelley interview.
35. Arizona Republic, June 13, 1993; Forrie Smith interview.
36. Dana Loraine Goodge interview.
37. Terry Leonard interview.
38. Jerry Crandall interview.
39. Ibid.
40. Terry Leonard interview.
41. Chris Swinney letter to author, June 22, 2017.
42. Letter to author from Billy Lang, January 9, 2018.
43. Kane Rubalcaba interview; James Danicic interview; Tom Hirt interview.
44. Forrie Smith interview; Chris Ramirez interview.
45. Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994.
46. Jennifer Van Sijll, Cinematic Storytelling: The 100 Most Powerful Film Conventions Every Filmmaker Must Know, 154; Matt Marich interview; Larry Zeug interview.
47. Jeff Dolan interview.
48. Chris Mitchum interview.
49. Jeff Dolan interview; Sam Dolan letter to author, May 22, 2017.
50. B. Alan Orange, “Michael Biehn Revisits Johnny Ringo in Tombstone,” https://movieweb.com/exclusive-michael-biehn-revisits-johnny-ringo-in-tombstone/
51. Eddie Perez interview; Matt Marich interview; Grant James interview; Victor Vizcarra interview; Tombstone memorandum, July 31, 1993; Arizona Republic, July 16, 1993; True West, August 25, 2017; Chris Swinney interview.
52. Victor Vizcarra interview; James Brooks interview; Elly McFadden interview.
53. Robert Burke interview; Elly McFadden interview; Donna Cline interview.
54. Chris Ramirez interview; Kane Rubalcaba interview.
55. Chris Swinney interview.
56. Peter Sherayko interview.
57. Greg Poulos interview.
58. Forrie Smith interview.
59. www.deadline.com; Anne Taylor interview.
60. Anne Taylor interview.
Chapter Four
1. Paula Mitchell Marks, And Die in the West: The Story of the O.K. Corral Gunfight, 25–29.
2. Arizoniana, Vol. 2, No.1 (Spring 1961).
3. Joyce Aros, Murdered on the Streets of Tombstone, 12–13, 48.
4. About William “Curly Bill” Brocius, Eagle Free Enterprises, http://www.pictures.eaglefreeenterprises.com/william_brocius.htm, retrieved October 17, 2011.
5. True West, September 2017.
6. https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fri51; Arizona Capital Times, March 23, 2012; David Johnson, “Johnny Ringo: King of the Cowboys. www.johnnyringo.com.
7. Bob Boze Bell, The Illustrated Life & Times of Wyatt Earp, 12–23; Tom Clavin, Dodge City: Wyatt Earp, Bat Masterson, and the Wickedest Town in the American West, 32, 56–7, 73–4.
8. Ephraim Katz, The Film Encyclopedia, 490; Joseph Musso interview; John Peel interview; www.jwayne.com.
9. www.digitalwriting101.net, “Guide—Composing Shots and Scenes for Cinematic Storytelling.”
10. http://dictionary.tdf.org/line-reading/; True West, August 2013; Lisa Zane to author, November 22, 2017.
11. Peter Sherayko interview.
12. www.computerstories.net; Blake, 194.
13. Letter from Bob Misiorowski to Andy Vajna, June 7, 1993, BFC; undated letter from Andy Vajna and Buss Feitshans to Kevin Jarre, BFC; www.informit.com.
14. Tombstone script, March 18, 1993, fourth draft.
15. Michael Blake letter to author, July 19, 2017; Entertainment Weekly, December 24, 1993; James Danicic interview; Michael Walker interview; Peter Sherayko interview.
16. www.movieweb.com; Grant James interview; Entertainment Weekly, December 24, 1993; Chris Mitchum interview; True West, October 2006.
17. Stephen Lang letter to author, April 7, 2017; Catherine Hardwicke interview.
18. Jake Johnson interview.
19. Bob Boze Bell interview; True West, October, 2006; Jeff Dolan interview; Mark Rainsford interview.
20. Billy Lang interview.
21. Jeff Dolan interview.
22. Entertainment Weekly, December 24, 1993; avclub.com; Bob Boze Bell interview; True West, October 2006.
23. Bob Palmquist interview.
24. Jerry Tarantino interview; Kathy Tarantino interview.
25. Reggie Byrum interview.
26. Rick Terry interview.
27. Jeff Dolan interview; Michael Blake letter to author, July 19, 2017; www.rheaven.blogspot.com.
28. Bob Boze Bell interview; Jeff Morey letter to author, January 7, 2017.
29. Bob Boze Bell interview.
30. www.starpulse.com; Peter Sherayko, Tombstone: The Guns and Gear, 8; Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994; www.northhollywoodfilms.com; www.slashfilm.com; August 24, 1994, letter from Guy McElwaine to John Fasano; Quad-City Times, January 2, 1994; Edie Fasano interview; John Fasano letter to Andy Vajna, July 16, 1994.
31. Tombstone call-sheets June 10–15, 1993, BFC; Daily production report, June 15, 1993, BFC; Michael Blake letter to author, July 21, 2017; Peter Sherayko letter to author July 21, 2017.
32. Interoffice memorandum from Erick Feitshans to Andrew Vajna, June 22, 1993, BFC; Feitshans to Terry Collis, June 15, 1993, BFC; Revised overage calculation, Bob Misorowski, June 16, 1993, BFC.
33. Reggie Byrum interview; Michael Blake letter to author, October 13, 2017; Anne Taylor letter to author, October 5, 2017; Tom Ward interview.
34. Sherayko, The Guns and Gear, 8; Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1994; Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994.
35. Quad-City Times, January 2, 1994.
36. Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994; www.aintitcool.com.
37. Quad-City Times, January 2, 1994.
38. www.movieweb.com.
39. Michael Walker interview.
40. Los Angeles Times, April 27, 2005; The Guardian, April 26, 2005.
41. True West, October 2006; Glen Gold interview; John Peel interview; Hamilton, 62; Tomas Arana interview; Entertainment Today, December 24–30, 1993; The Age, January 27, 1994.
42. Val Kilmer blog, posted August 10, 2017.
43. Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994; Val Kilmer blog, posted August 10, 2017; Sherayko, The Guns and Gear, 8; American Cowboy, January 19, 2015; John Philbin interview.
44. Robert Burke interview.
45. Sherayko, The Guns and Gear, 9; www.movieweb.com; True West, August 1, 2008; Edie Fasano interview.
46. John Philbin interview; Larry Zeug interview; Peter Sherayko interview; Forrie Smith interview; Tomas Arana interview.
47. Matt Marich interview; Lisa Zane letter to author, November 22, 2017.
48. American Cowboy, January 19, 2015; www.starpulse.com; Frank Stallone interview; Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994; The New Yorker, January 14, 2008; The New York Review of Books, November 6, 2008; Billy Lang interview.
49. Steven Melton interview.
50. Catherine Hardwicke interview.
51. Chris Swinney interview.
52. Bo Gray interview; John Philbin interview.
53. Jeff Dolan interview.
54. Lee McKechnie interview.
55. Robert Burke interview.
56. John Philbin interview; James Danicic interview.
57. Blake, 172; Sabino Canyon recreation area brochure, September 2016, RG-R3-05-21; Blumes Tracy interview.
58. Dickie Stanley letter to author, December 12, 2017; Dickie Stanley interview; Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
59. Larry Zug interview; Jeff Dolan letter to author, October 11, 2017.
60. John Pell interview; Peter Sherayko Facebook post, November 2, 2017.
61. Rick Terry interview.
62. Jerry Tarantino interview; Garrett Roberts Facebook post, November 3, 2017.
63. Larry Zeug interview; Blake, 173.
64. Rick Terry interview.
65. Letters from Jeff Morey to author, January 5, 7, 2017.
66. Larry Zeug interview.
67. Jake Johnson, Peter Sherakyo, Samuel Kilborn Facebook post, October 10, 2017.
Chapter Five
1. Robert Vincent Facebook post, March 13, 2018.
2. Kane Rubalcaba interview; Larry Zeug letter to author, June 2, 2017.
3. Arizona Capital Times, May 2, 2014; Tombstone Epitaph, December 28, 1881.
4. Charles Schneider interview.
5. Ibid.
6. Lisa Zane letter to author, November 22, 2017; Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
7. Tombstone script, June 24, 1993, fifth draft; Cindy Wykes interview; Matt Marich interview; J. Nathan Simmons interview.
8. Charles Schneider interview.
9. Larry Zeug interview.
10. Donna Cline interview.
11. Donna Cline interview; James Danicic interview; Billy Getzwiler interview.
12. Sam Dolan interview.
13. Michael Walker interview; Getzwiller interview; Blake, 174; www.fdtimes.com/2011/02/15william-a-fraker; Anne Taylor letter to author, November 6, 2016.
14. James Danicic interview; Dickie Stanley letter to author, December 12, 2017.
15. Lee McKechnie interview.
16. Glen Gold interview.
17. Steve Melton interview; Jan Robinson interview.
18. Bobby Vincent interview.
19. Paul Lawton letter to author, October 19, 2017; Jake Johnson letter to author, October 19, 2017; Larry Jensen Facebook post, October 19, 2017; Larry Jensen, Hollywood’s Railroads: Volume one, Virginia & Truckee, 67; Sam Dolan Facebook message, October 18, 2017.
20. Sam Dolan interview.
21. Gary Gang interview; Greg Poulos interview; Dana Loraine Goodge interview.
22. Frank Magill, Magill’s Cinema Annual 1994, 370–73; Tombstone press booklet, 17; The New York Times, December 24, 1993.
23. Kane Rubalcaba interview.
24. Walter Noble Burns, Tombstone: An Iliad of the Southwest, 138; www.trend-chaser.com.
25. Mark Tovsen interview.
26. Sam Dolan letter to author, May 22, 2017; Santa Cruz Sentinel, September 12, 1995.
27. Catherine Hardwicke interview.
28. Ibid.
29. Matt Marich interview.
30. www.angelfire.com.
31. Frank Stallone interview; Eddy McFadden interview; Chris Mitchum interview.
32. John Peel interview; Greg Poulos interview; Chris Swinney interview; Catherine Hardwicke interview.
33. Peter Sherayko interview; Frank Stallone interview, John Peel interview; Blake, 175; Letter from Terry Collis to Randy Paul, September 20, 1993. BFC.
34. www.Lebeau’sLeBlog.com; www.denofgeek.com; The Ultimate Michael Biehn interview, Duncan Bowles, August 31, 2011; www.hollywoodnews.com; Exclusive: Michael Biehn Digs Up Details about the Making of “Tombstone,” Todd Gilchrist, April 23, 2010; Bo Gray interview; Steve Melton interview.
35. Greg Poulos interview.
36. Lawton, Old Tucson Studios, 76; Nicola Hartmann memorandum to all OTS departments, July 8, 1993; American King James Version bible, Revelation 6: 7–8; www.slackerwod.com/node/2929; www.movieweb.com/person/Michael-biehn; www.ign.com/articles/201/05/01; Stephen Lang letter to author, April 15, 2017.
37. Variety, June 29, 1993; James Danicic interview; Blake 194; Steve Melton interview; John Peel interview; Blumes Tracy interview.
38. Jeff Ramsey interview.
39. Jeff Dolan interview.
40. Sam Dolan interview; letter from Sam Dolan to author, May 18, 2017; J. Nathan Simmons interview.
41. Donna Cline interview.
42. Steve Melton interview.
43. Sam Dolan interview; Stephen Lang letter to author, April 15, 2017; Greg Poulos interview; David Russell letter to author, January 4, 2017; Larry Zeug interview.
44. James Danicic interview.
45. Peter Sherayko interview; Chris Ramirez interview.
46. Jeff Dolan interview; Steve Melton interview; www.angelfire.com; John Peel interview; Bobby Vincent interview; Michael Walker interview; Mark Rainsford interview.
47. James Danicic interview; Tombstone shooting schedule, BFC.
48. Chris Swinney interview.
49. Tombstone Daily Production Reports, BFC; August 21, 1993, letter to Andy Vajna from George Cosmatos, BFC; August 21, 1993, letter from Bob Misiorowski to Andy Vajna, BFC; Greg Poulos interview.
50. Catherine Hardwicke interview.
51. Reggie Byrum interview; John Peel interview.
52. Chris Swinney interview; Josh Swinney interview.
53. Rick Terry interview; http://www.angelfire.com/ga/napalousa/val.html.
Chapter Six
1. Emily Blanton interview; Billy Lang interview.
2. Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
3. Terry Leonard interview.
4. Reggie Byrum interview.
5. Reggie Byrum interview; Blake, 179; Chris Ramierez interview.
6. John Peel interview; Billy Lang interview; Reggie Byrum interview.
7. Chris Swinney interview; Josh Swinney interview; Michael Walker interview; Larry Zeug interview; James Brooks interview.
8. John Philbin interview.
9. Rick Terry interview; Reggie Byrum interview.
10. James Danicic interview.
11. Lee McKechnie interview.
12. Dana Loraine Goodge interview.
13. Glen Gold interview.
14. Sam Elliott interview, “Dobe and a Company of Heroes,” SCHOT Productions, Inc., 2002.
15. Terry McGahey interview.
16. Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
17. Terry McGahey interview; Dickie Stanley interview.
18. Jim Dunham letter to author, May 16, 2017.
19. https://nextooze.com/peter-sherayko-takes-us-behind-the-scenes-of-the-movie-tombstone/.
20. Red Wolverton interview; The Morgan Horse, July 2014; E-mail from Kip Wolverton to author, March 2, 2018.
21. American Cowboy, January 19, 2015; Director’s commentary Vista Tombstone DVD.
22. Chris Swimmey letter to author, January 7, 2018.
23. Rick Terry interview.
24. John Philbin interview; Sam Dolan interview; letter from Jeff Morey to author, April 4, 2017.
25. The San Bernardino County Sun, January 5, 1994.
26. Sam Dolan interview; John Peel interview; Robert Burke interview.
27. Jay Gammons interview; John Peel interview; Washington Times, December 19, 1993; Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
28. Eddie Perez interview; Los Angeles Times, August 11, 1993.
29. David Russell letters to author, December 15, 2016, January 4, 2017; Larry Zeug interview.
30. Jake Johnson interview; The Washington Times, December 19, 1993; Tombstone publicity kit, author’s collection; Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
31. Eddie Perez interview; Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
32. Lee McKechnie interview.
33. Donna Cline interview; The Washington Times, December 19, 1993.
34. Josh Swinney interview.
35. Rick Terry interview; American Humane Association movie review, November 24, 1993, BFC.
36. Robert Burke interview.
37. Dickie Stanley interview.
38. Guns & Ammo, December, 1997; www.therpf.com.
39. Jake Johnson interview.
40. Bo Gray interview.
41. American Cowboy, Jan 19, 2015.
42. Peter Sherayko, John Peel, Facebook posts.
43. American Cowboy, January 19, 2015; Sherayko, Tombstone: The Guns and Gear, 17, 22; Forrie Smith interview; The Westerner, Vol I, No. I; Trail Dust, Winter 1994; True West, July 9, 2013; www.bradleydpettit.blogspot.com/2011/06/my interview with actor Michael Biehn.
44. Jake Johnson interview.
45. Dana Loraine Goodge interview.
46. Frank Stallone interview.
47. Katie Lord interview; Tombstone, George Cosmatos commentary, Vista Series, Director’s cut, 2002.
48. John Peel interview; Stephen Lang letter to author, April 7, 2017; Sam Dolan letter to author, December 27, 2017.
49. J. Nathan Simmons interview.
50. Grant James interview.
51. John Philbin interview; Stephen Lang letter to author, April 7, 2017; Jeff Morey letter to author, January 5, 2017; William Hamilton, Blessed, Life and Films of Val Kilmer, 64; Tombstone, George Cosmatos commentary, Vista Series, 2002.
52. Greg Poulos interview; Elly McFadden interview.
53. Eddie Perez interview.
54. Greg Poulos interview.
55. Sam Dolan Facebook post, June 24, 1993, fifth draft Tombstone script.
56. Ibid.
57. Ibid.
58. Donna Cline interview.
59. Sam Dolan letter to author, May 22, 2017.
60. Emily Blanton interview.
61. Facebook message from John Peel to author, February 2, 2018.
62. Tom Ward interview; Mark Rainsford interview.
63. Charley Ward interview.
64. Kathy Tarantino interview.
65. Michael Walker interview.
66. Kathy Tarantino interview; August 11, 1993, letter from Terry Collis to Buzz Feitshans, BFC; Director’s commentary, Vista Tombstone DVD.
67. Kathy Tarantino interview; Jerry Tarantino interview.
68. Peter Sherayko interview; Blake, 181–2.
69. Letter from Sam Dolan to author, May 22, 2017; Larry Zeug Facebook post, December 29, 2017; Sam Dolan Facebook post.
Chapter Seven
1. True West, July 2003, August 2005, September 2005, May 2010; www.policeone.com; www.legendsofamerica.com; https://archive.is/20120713003618; Arizona Daily Star, May 30, 1882; www.pbs.org/wgh/americanexperience; Paula Mitchell Marks, And Die in the West: The Story of the O.K. Corral Gunfight; Casey Tefertiller, Wyatt Earp: The Life Behind the Legend; Tom Clavin, Dodge City: Wyatt Earp, Bat Masterson, and the Wickedest Town in the American West; Bob Boze Bell, The Illustrated Life and Times of Doc Holliday; Bob Boze Bell, The Illustrated Life and Times of Wyatt Earp; Gary L. Roberts, Doc Holliday: The Life Behind the Legend; www.confederateamericanpride.com/OldWest/DocHolliday; Victoria Wilcox, Gone West, The Last Decision, The Saga of Doc Holliday, Books two and three; William Brechenridge, Helldorado; John Richard Stephens, Wyatt Earp Speaks.
2. John Philbin interview; Larry Zeug interview.
3. www.express.co.uk/dayandnight/69210.
4. Cowboy Legends: Outlaws & Lawmen, August 2013.
5. Reggie Byrum interview; Larry Zeug interview; Blake, 175.
6. Larry Zeug interview; Sam Dolan interview; Mark Rainsford interview; Larry Zeug letter to author, February 23, 2018.
7. www.moveiweb.com; Robert Burke interview; The San Bernardino County Sun, December 30, 1993.
8. Hamilton, 65; Arizona Republic, November 7, 1993.
9. August 18–November 4, 1993, post-production schedule and notes, post production schedule, August 30, 1993, December 21 release, February delivery, Tombstone 09/18/93 Production Cost Report, BFC; The Lincoln Star, January 16, 1994; Entertainment Today, December 24–30, 1993.
10. www.indiewire.com/2015/04/attention-filmmakers-heres-why-you-should-make-medium-length-films-62586/; True West, September 2017; Trail Dust, Winter 1994.
11. November 5, 1993, letter from Sean Daniel to Andy Vajna.
12. Trail Dust, Winter 1995; Bo Gay interview.
13. Bo Gray interview.
14. June 18, 1993, letter from Tania Steele to Andy Vajna, BFC; June 28, 1993, letter from Michael Werner to Andy Vajna, BFC; undated from Patti Hawn to all cast and crew, BFC; August 26, 1993, letter from Cirina Kay to Nancy Griffen, BFC; September 14, 1993, letter from Patt/Mory Hobin to Janet Stoudt, BFC.
15. Bruce Broughton letter to author, February 22, 2018; liner notes, Tombstone CD, Intrada, 2006.
16. R. Sadoff, “The Role of the Music Editor and the ‘Temp Track’ as Blueprint for the Score and Source Music of Films,” Popular Music, 25(2) (2006), 165–183, doi:10.1017/S0261143006000845.
17. Broughton letter to author, February 23, 2018.
18. American Humane Association film review, November 24, 1993, BFC; Buena Vista Marketing memorandum, from Denise Greenawalt to all concerned, November 30, 1993, BFC; Arizona Republic, December 22, 1993; Entertainment Weekly, December 24, 1993; Los Angeles Times, February 6, 1994.
19. Sam Elliott interview schedule, December 13, 1993, BFC; letter from Denise Greenawalt to Esme Chandlee, December 9, 1993, BFC; Buena Vista Pictures Marketing memorandum, from Denise Greenawalt to those concerned, December 15, 1993, BFC; letter from Denise Greenawalt to Arlene Ludwig/Terry Greenberg, December 17, 21, 29, 1993, BFC; The Hollywood Reporter, November 24, 1993.
20. www.minyanville.com.
21. Daily Variety, December 23, 27, 1993.
22. The Hollywood Reporter, December 23, 1993.
23. The New York Times, December 24, 1993; www.ibj.com.
24. Entertainment Today, December 24, 1993.
25. Arizona Republic, December 24, 25, 1993; Arizona Daily Star, December 25, 1993.
26. Los Angeles Times, December 25, 1993; Los Angeles Village View, December 31, 1993–January 6, 1994; Santa Cruz Sentinel, December 31, 1993.
27. Variety, December 22, 1993.
28. The Monitor, December 31, 1993.
29. Films in Review, Vol XLV, No. 3/4, issue 2; Drama-Logue, January 13–19, 1994; The Courier, December 31, 1993; Ukiah Daily Journal, January 7, 1994; The Petaluma Argus-Courier, January 7, 1994; Screen International, January 23, 1994.
30. The Orlando Sentinel, January 14, 1994; The Philadelphia Inquirer, February 5, 1994; Siskel and Ebert review of Tombstone, undated.
31. Film Review, March 1994; The Desert Sun, June 24, 1994; Kasdan, 107; Entertainment Weekly, June 17, 1994.
32. The Press Democrat, June 26, 1994; Entertainment Weekly, June 17, July 15, 1994; Film Review, October 1994; Virginian-Pilot, October 29, 1994; The Oklahoman, June 24, 1994; https://movieweb.com/exclusive-michael-biehn-revisits-johnny-ringo-in-tombstone/.
33. The Los Angeles Times, July 2, 1995; The Desert Sun, June 24, 1994; Film Reviews, October 1994; The Signal, June 24, 1994; www.rogerebert.com/reviews/wyatt-earp-1994.
34. Variety, August 16, 1994; Entertainment Weekly, July 15, 1994; Statesman Journal, June 3, 1994; Asheville Citizen-Times, July 6, 1994.
35. The Dispatch, July 20, 1994.
36. Tony Malanowski interview.
37. Kevin Reems interview.
38. Tony Malanowski interview.
39. Arizona Daily Star, December 31, 1993.
40. Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1994.
41. True West, September 2017.
42. Vista Series, Tombstone, Director’s Cut, “Making of” featurette, Michael Biehn, 2002.
43. https://cinapse.co/i-am-legend-tombstone-the-cinematic-perfection-of-wyatt-earp-and-doc-holliday-490267f15acc; www.angelfire.com; Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1994; True West, October 2006.
44. http://www.aintitcool.com/node/44840; American Cowboy, January 19, 2015.
45. True West, August, 2013; http://northhollywoodfilms.com/2016/06/14/interview-gridlocked-villain-stephen-lang-talks-cable-via-deadpool-2-avatar-sequels-and-one-long-career-in-film/.
Appendix
1. KGUN interview, June 29, 2018; Tombstone News, July 6, 2018.
2. Frank Stallone letter to author, June 13, 2018; https://www.myheraldreview.com/news/community/tombstone-actors-help-community-celebrate-th-anniversary-of-popular-movie/article_e367ae02-7cc5-11e8-bef5-b7826b972e7b.html.
3. Tombstone panel discussion, June 30, 2018.
4. Ibid.
5. You Tube, Interview: Michael Biehn (Aliens, The Terminator, Tombstone), August 6, 2017.
6. Tombstone panel discussion, June 30, 2018; letter from Billy Zane to author, July 15, 2018.
7. Zane letter to author, July 15, 2018.
8. Tombstone panel discussion, June 30, 2018.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. You Tube, interview, Val Kilmer.
13. Joanna Pacula interview.
14. Tombstone, Hardwicke Q&A.
15. Bill Holmquist interview.
16. Tombstone, Porro Q&A.
17. Conversation with Joseph Porro, June 30, 2018.