Plate Section

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Sir Humphrey Gilbert.

PORTRAIT OF SIR HUMPHREY GILBERT (OIL ON BOARD), ENGLISH SCHOOL, (SIXTEENTH CENTURY)/COMPTON CASTLE, TORQUAY, DEVON, UK/NATIONAL TRUST PHOTOGRAPHIC LIBRARY/THE BRIDGEMAN ART LIBRARY.

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Facsimile of the first page of Plimouths Great Book of Deeds, in the handwriting of Governor William Bradford.

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Thomas Hobbes.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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The cover of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS RARE BOOK & SPECIAL COLLECTIONS.

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Sir William Petty.

SIR WILLIAM PETTY, FROM OLD ENGLAND’S WORTHIES BY LORD BROUGHAM AND OTHERS, PUBLISHED LONDON, C. 1880S (LITHO), ENGLISH SCHOOL, (NINETEENTH CENTURY)/PRIVATE COLLECTION/KEN WELSH/THE BRIDGEMAN ART LIBRARY.

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Adam Smith.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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John Locke.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Karl Marx.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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John Dee.

PORTRAIT OF JOHN DEE (1547–1608) (OIL ON CANVAS), ENGLISH SCHOOL, (SEVENTEENTH CENTURY)/ASHMOLEAN MUSEUM, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, UK/THE BRIDGEMAN ART LIBRARY.

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Sergei Eisenstein’s vision of Ivan the Terrible, the founder of the Russian autocracy.

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Peter the Great.

PAINTING BY ALEKSEY ANTROPOV.

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The Qianlong emperor.

BEIJING PALACE MUSEUM.

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Thomas Jefferson.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Gunter’s chain; twenty-two yards, one hundred links. The instrument that measured out the United States and the British Empire.

COURTESY OF WIKIMEDIA COMMONS, PHOTO BY USER ROSEOHIORESIDENT.

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Patent for land ownership in Ohio in 1805, signed by President Thomas Jefferson and Secretary of State James Madison.

NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION.

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A combine harvester in an Idaho wheat field.

COURTESY OF THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.

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Edward Gibbon Wakefield.

COURTESY OF THE WIKIMEDIA COMMONS AND THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA.

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Henry George.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Like a European feudal knight, a samurai owed his standing to the peasants who worked his land.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Che Guevara.

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The brutal march of collectivization that laid the foundations for the cold war.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Walt Rostow.

COURTESY OF THE LYNDON B. JOHNSON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY, PHOTO BY YOICHI R. OKAMOTO.

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Norman Borlaug.

COURTESY OF FLICKR USER CIMMYT, USED UNDER CREATIVE COMMONS 2.0 LICENSE.

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Friederich von Hayek.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.

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Yang Wu’s famous “nail house” in Chongqing.

AP PHOTO/EYEPRESS.

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