Complete citations can be found within the bibliography.
CHAPTER ONE
1 Madge Old, A Short History to Celebrate the Centenary of Rosslyn Church.
2 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
3 Will Grant, Rosslyn: Its Castle, Chapel and Scenic Lore.
4 Revd John Thompson, The 1893 Guide to Rosslyn Chapel, Castle and Hawthornden.
5 Ibid.
6 Ibid.
7 George F Black PhD, The Surnames of Scotland: Their Origin, Meaning and History.
8 Revd John Thompson, The 1893 Guide to Rosslyn Chapel, Castle and Hawthornden.
CHAPTER TWO
1 Glyn S Burgess (trans.), The History of the Norman People: Wace’s Roman de Rou. Part II.
2 Gabriel Ronay, The Lost King of England: The East European Adventures of Edward the Exile.
3 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
4 Niven Sinclair, notes provided.
5 David McRoberts, St Margaret of Scotland.
CHAPTER THREE
1 Terry Jones and Alan Ereira, Crusades.
2 Ibid.
3 Lionel Smithett Lewis, St Joseph of Arimathea at Glastonbury.
4 Samuel W Mitcham Jnr, Hitler’s Field Marshals: The men ordered to conquer the world.
5 John Calvin, Traites des Reliques.
6 Terry Jones and Alan Ereira, Crusades.
CHAPTER FOUR
1 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Account of the Templars together with an Account of the Joannites or Knights of St John.
2 Helen Nicholson, The Knights Templar: A New History.
3 Evelyn Lord, The Knights Templar in Britain.
4 John Martine, Reminiscences and Notices of the Parishes of the Counties of Haddington.
5 Evelyn Lord, The Knights Templar in Britain.
6 M Barber, The Trial of the Templars.
7 Helen Nicholson, The Knights Templar: A New History.
8 Evelyn Lord, The Knights Templar in Britain.
CHAPTER FIVE
1 From the list of names published by the Bannatyne Club of Edinburgh in 1834.
2 John Ritchie, ‘Battle of Roslin 1303’, (www.sinclair.quarterman.org/history and www.thesonsofscotland.co.uk), and ‘The Battle of Roslin’, Gems of Midlothian (local marketing initiative).
3 Isabel Carton-Downs and Egan-Oldfield, The Carlton: Marlatts Descendants of De Marle.
4 Edinburgh City Libraries, The Battle of Roslin fought on the Plains of Roslin 1303.
5 Lloyd Laing, The Picts and the Scots.
6 CH Lawrence, Mediaeval Monasticism.
7 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
8 JG Lockhart, Curses, Lucks and Talismans.
CHAPTER SIX
1 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn. He says that he was Sir William’s prisoner, not Sir Henry’s, but the dates do not ring true.
2 Andrew Sinclair, The Sword and the Grail.
3 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
4 Ibid.
5 Revd John Thompson, The 1893 Guide to Rosslyn Chapel, Castle and Hawthornden.
CHAPTER SEVEN
1 Helge and Anne Ingstad, The Norse Discovery of America.
2 The author-explorer Tim Severin sailed a leather boat across the Atlantic Ocean in the wake of St Brendan the Navigator.
3 Wallace Clark, ‘The Lord of the Isles Voyage’.
4 Andrew Sinclair, The Sword and the Grail.
5 ‘Dello Scoprimento dell isole Frislanda, Eslanda, Engroulanda, Estotilanda e icario fatto sotto ile Polo artico da due fratelli Zeni. M. Nicolo il K. e M. Antonio.’ (Venice 1558). In 1998, the Zeno Map was republished along with a booklet entitled Sinclair’s Exploration of America by the Prince Henry Project Committee in Massachusetts, USA, to celebrate the six-hundredth anniversary of his voyage.
6 The Money Pit on Oak Island has fascinated generations of treasure hunters from American President Franklin D Roosevelt to the Hollywood actor Errol Flynn. Treasure hunters while excavating during the mid 1860s encountered soggy ground. This was not too surprising because the pit was only 500 feet from the coastline and high tide of the ocean was about at the 32 foot level. At 98 feet they struck an extra-hard surface. They took the rest of the day off and the next morning found that the shaft of the pit was filled with sea water to the 32-foot level. They had inadvertently opened a series of channels to the beach that had been installed as a booby trap. This is yet another possible resting place for the lost wealth of the Knights Templar.
7 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
CHAPTER EIGHT
1 TS Muir, ‘Descriptive Notices of some Ancient Parochial and Collegiate Churches of Scotland’ in Gazeteer of Scotland, 1885.
2 Ibid.
3 David Hume of Godscroft (c.1560–1630) was secretary to the 8th Earl of Angus. He wrote histories of the House of Douglas and of the House of Wedderburn.
4 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
5 Revd Michael Fass, Faith and Place: Six centuries of Christian Witness.
6 AJ Stewart, Falcon.
7 AJ Stewart, Died 1513; Born 1929.
8 Hugh Pesketh, Family tree of the St Clairs, privately commissioned by Baron Bonde and family.
9 Agnes Mure Mackenzie, The Kingdom of Scotland.
CHAPTER NINE
1 Since the Holy Rude had been brought back to Scotland for the first time by his ancestor, Sir Henry St Clair, it seems likely, given the emotional attachment involved, that Prince William would have requested it when he too attended the English Court as Scottish Ambassador.
2 Incensed at the Scots’ refusal to betroth the infant Queen Mary to Prince Edward of England, his father, Henry VIII of England, in 1544 ordered the Earl of Hertford to invade Scotland and to ‘Sack Leith and burn and subvert it and all the rest, putting man, womanand child to fire and sword without exception.’ The entire Old Town and Edinburgh Castle was destroyed, excepting St Margaret’s Chapel, which still stands today. This period became known as the ‘Rough Wooing’.
3 The Battle of Pinkie, fought along the banks of the River Esk near Musselburgh on 10 September 1547, was the last battle to be fought between the Scottish and the English Royal armies and the first ‘modern’ battle to be fought in the British Isles. It was a catastrophic defeat for the Scots, caused by poor discipline and weak command. In Scotland it is known as Black Saturday.
4 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
5 Philip Coppens, The Stone Puzzle of Rosslyn Chapel.
CHAPTER TEN
1 John Robertson and Edward Black, Scotsman, 11 Dec 2002.
2 James Maidment (c.1795–1879) was a lawyer and scholar who dedicated his life to antiquarian research. He was the principal editor of Kay’s Portraits (A&C Black, 1837).
3 Father Richard Augustine Hay, Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn.
4 George S Draffen, Pour la Foy.
5 5th Earl of Rosslyn, My Gamble with Life.
CHAPTER ELEVEN
1 Professor Geoffrey Barrow has been president of the Scottish History Society, the Scottish Record Society, and the Saltire Society (now Hon. President). He was Joint Literary Director, Royal Historical Society, 1964–74; Vice-President, 1980–85. He jointly edited the Scottish Historical Review, 1974–79. He was a member of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, 1983–90.
2 John, Master of St Clair, Autobiography, 1715. This extract is quoted in the editor’s notes for the 1805 edition of Scott’s Poetical Works.
CHAPTER TWELVE
1 Albert Krantz, Saxonia.
2 Gypsies have usually adopted the religion of their country of residence; probably the greater number are Roman Catholic or Orthodox Eastern Christian. Every May they gather in the south of France from all over the world for a pilgrimage to Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. Nowadays they make their living as metalworkers, singers, dancers, musicians, horse dealers, and auto mechanics.
3 The Golden Calf was a deity borrowed from the Egyptians to become an object of worship among Hebrews.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
1 Presbytery Notes of Dalkeith 1580–1600.
2 Revd John Thompson, The 1893 Guide to Rosslyn Chapel, Castle and Hawthornden.
3 Revd Prof. HJ Lawlor, DD, FSA Scot, ‘Notes on the Library of the Sinclairs of Rosslyn’ in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries in Scotland 1879–98.
CHAPTER FOURTEEN
1 Sir Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk, Royal Highness. See also Blood Royal (Sir Iain Moncreiffe and Don Pottinger).
2 Sir Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk, Introduction to Debrett’s Family Historian.
3 Arthur Herman, How the Scots invented the Modern World.
4 The Gospel of Mary Magdalene was found in the Akhmim Codex, a Gnostic text of the New Testament apocrypha acquired by Dr Rheinhardt in Cairo in 1896. It was not published until 1955. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
1 In his essay on St Margaret, Queen of Scotland, reprinted by St Margaret’s Dunfermline in 1993 to celebrate the saint’s ninth centenary, the historian David MacRoberts tells us that a Father James Carruthers claims to have seen the head-shrine at Douai, when he left France in 1785, which makes it being at Rosslyn unlikely. The essay can be seen online at www.ewtn.com/library/MARY/STMARG.HTM. Father Hay’s description, however, in which he suggests that some of the gemstones might have been fake, hints that it might have been copied.
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
1 Prior to his mysterious death at the age of thirty-five, Otto Rahn (1904–38) wrote two books about the Cathars of southern France: Kreuzzug gegen den Gral (Crusade Against the Grail), and Luzifers Hofgesinf (Lucifer’s Court).
2 Jean Cocteau (1889–1963) experimented audaciously in almost every artistic medium, becoming a leader of the French avant-garde in the 1920s. His first great success was the novel Les Enfants Terribles (1929), which he made into a film in 1950. His films included The Blood of a Poet (1933), Beauty and the Beast (1946), and Orphée (1949). Among his other works are ballets, sketches, monologues, whimsical drawings, and the text (written with Stravinsky) for the opera-oratorio Oedipus Rex (1927).
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
1 Horace Bleakley, The Story of the Beautiful Duchess.
2 Rosebank House has since been demolished. It was the birthplace in 1746 of the poet Hector MacNeill, editor of Scots Magazine, and author of such songs as ‘I loved ne’er a Lassie but Ane’, ‘Mary of Castlecary’ and ‘The Plaid among the Heather’.
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
1 Revd Michael Fass, Faith and Place.
2 VG Childe and John Taylor, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries in Scotland, 1938–39, National Library of Scotland.
CHAPTER NINETEEN
1 5th Earl of Rosslyn, My Gamble with Life.
2 Douglas Sutherland, The Yellow Earl.
3 7th Earl of Rosslyn, Rosslyn Chapel.
CHAPTER TWENTY
1 Revd John Thompson F.S.A., Chaplain to the Right Hon. Earl of Rosslyn, The 1893 Guide to Rosslyn Chapel, Castle and Hawthornden.
2 Angelo Maggi, ‘Poetic Stones: Roslin Chapel in Gandy’s Sketchbook and Daguerre’s Diorama’ and ‘Rosslyn Chapel: a pocket cathedral in an Earthly Paradise’.
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE
1 Dorothy Wordsworth (1771–1855) was the younger sister of the poet William Wordsworth. For nearly a century she was relegated to being a footnote in her brother’s life. Then, in 1931, Dove Cottage, the Lake District home where Dorothy and William lived for several years, was bought by Beatrix Potter, author of Peter Rabbit and other children’s books. In the barn, Potter found a bundle of old papers and realized that they were Dorothy’s journals. Her discovery was published in 1933 as The Grasmere Journal. The journal eloquently described her day-to-day life in the Lake District, long walks she and her brother took through the countryside, and detailed portraits of literary lights of the eighteenth century, including Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Sir Walter Scott and Charles Lamb.
2 Research into the names of Celtic gods and goddesses shows that one Celtic deity, Viridios, has a common meaning, ‘Green Man’, in both Celtic and Latin, the two languages being related.
3 Artichokes were a popular motif symbolising protection, strength and courage.
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO
1 5th Earl of Rosslyn, My Gamble with Life.
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE
1 Midlothian Strategic Surveys, Draft Report: Roslin Conservation Area.
2 Revd Michael Fass, Faith and Place.
3 Father Richard Hay returned to Scotland around 1719 and died in poverty approximately seventeen years later living in Edinburgh’s Cowgate. His complete writings are to be found in the National Library of Scotland. Otherwise, see the edited Genealogie of the Sainteclaires of Rosslyn published by the Grand Lodge of Scotland 2002.