No matter how far in the future you plan to take the SAT World History Subject Test, the time to start preparing is now. And this part of the book is here to help. Here you will learn how to register for the test, how to make the most of your preparation time both in the classroom and outside of it, and how to manage the stress a test of this magnitude may bring. As you get closer to your test date, make sure you are using all of the materials provided in this book. That way, when the day of the test arrives, you'll be ready to earn your top score!
Step 1: Get Registered
The SAT World History Subject Test is offered twice a year, once in June and once in December. The College Board recommends taking the test as soon as possible after completing your course of study in the subject, because the material will be fresher in your mind.
Test locations and registration requirements vary by location, so visit the College Board website (go to www.collegeboard.org and search for SAT Subject Test in World History, or follow the links) as soon as possible to figure out how you should register for the test and where you will be able to take it. You also want to check admissions requirements with the colleges and universities you're interested in attending; if you plan to pursue a degree in the sciences, you may be required or recommended to take one test or the other, or to achieve a particular score.
Note that SAT subject tests are available to homeschooled students as well as those in traditional high schools. Advance registration is required, and you may need to pay a fee if you do not register far enough in advance. Check the College Board's website for the information that applies in your circumstances.
Here are some important points to keep in mind as you get started:
• Do you know what you need to know? We can't emphasize enough how important it is to make sure you have accurate information about this test. Refer to the College Board's official website (www.collegeboard.org) for current information about the test, including eligibility, late testing, special accommodations for students with disabilities, and reduced testing fees for low-income students. This site also allows you to register (and gives alternative registration options, such as how to register by phone or mail) and tells you how your score will be reported to the colleges and universities you're interested in attending. Don't depend on getting this information from anyone else! Since you purchased this book, obviously you're interested in doing well on the examination, so don't risk losing points by not knowing what you need to know. Time spent on early research can pay off for you down the road.
• It's all about the timing. The tricky thing about an examination like the SAT World History Subject Test is that you really don't want to take it more than twice, and you do want to take it somewhere close to your relevant coursework. You should try to take the test once in your junior year and a second time in your senior year. If you're worried about coordinating the testing date around your studies, don't be! The test is actually offered twice a year; as long as you do some advance planning, you should be able to get a test date that works for you.
• Be proactive. If you're not enrolled in a suitable class at school, take the initiative! Do some reading to refresh yourself on the topic. Borrow some suitable books from the library. Review the study guide carefully and determine exactly what you need to know.
• Remember, it's worth it! You might be worried about your anxiety level for this test. You might be thinking that in the overall scheme of senior year and college prep, this test is less important than others you need to worry about. You might be concerned about not doing well. If your thought process is running in this direction, slow down for a minute! Consider how little you have to lose if you score poorly on the test, and how much you have to gain if you do well. Plus, you may do better than you expect if you make the best use of study time and material at your disposal. (Consider especially the resources in this book!) Even if, after all is said and done, you don’t do well, remember, a low score doesn't have to be devastating—you can take the test again if you wish. Plus, if you're concerned, the Score Choice service allows you to choose the particular scores you want to share with the colleges of your choice.
Step 2: Become an Expert Student
To do well on the test, you must retain a ton of information both in and out of the classroom. You will have to work hard and study. Did you know that studying is a discipline in and of itself that many people just don't know how to do well? It's true. Even the smartest people need to learn how to study to maximize their ability to learn.
One of the most critical study skills involves notes. More specifically, it involves taking effective notes rather than just writing down everything your teacher says. Don't underestimate how important good note taking is both during class and while you're studying alone or with a partner. Good note taking serves several purposes. First (and most obviously), note taking is important for making sure you have recorded the key points being made by your teacher (or your study partner). Since this person is very familiar with the material and the test, he or she knows where you should focus your time, so you should glean as much knowledge as you possibly can. Second, effective note taking is important because the process of working on notes can actually help you retain the material. For example, the deceptively simple act of writing and rewriting reinforces your memory just from doing the activity. In addition, writing in conjunction with listening or reading helps reinforce the information, which makes it more likely that you will remember it.
Here are some tips for taking great notes:
• Listen actively. The first key to taking good notes is to practice active listening—that is, listening in a structured way to understand and evaluate what's being said. Active listeners are not distracted, thinking about other things or considering what they will say next (in the classroom, this means opening up your mind rather than thinking about some question you might ask your teacher). Active listening also does not involve writing down every single thing the teacher says. Rather, it means listening in a structured way so that you hear the main ideas, pay attention to cues that impart meaning, and keep your eyes on the speaker (not on your notebook).
• Listen for main ideas. Before you even begin the note-taking process, consider the topic under discussion and be ready to organize your notes around that topic. Is it a person, place, movement? Is it a particular era or concept? Do some thinking beforehand about the topic and work from that angle. Also listen for transitions into new topics as the teacher works his or her way through the material.
• Pay attention to cues. If you're taking notes in class, certain words and phrases tend to reflect the way the discussion is organized. For example, the teacher usually starts with an introduction, and this introduction generally provides the framework around how the topic will be treated. For example, “Today we will evaluate the results of the French Revolution and think critically about how it influenced the emergence of modern society.” Listen for transition words such as next and the following, and look out for numbered or bulleted lists.
• Don't just stare at your notebook. Information is conveyed by speakers in a number of ways, many of them nonverbal. Keep an eye on the instructor's body language and expressions. These are the types of nonverbal cues that will help you determine what's important and what's not.
• What do good notes look like? Good notes are not just a jumbled mass of everything. It's unrealistic and ineffective to try to write down everything there is to say about a topic. Instead, you should learn to focus on key words and main ideas. Here are some tips on how to proceed:
• Start with a clean sheet. Indicate today's date and the main or primary topic. This will jog your memory later on when you study these notes.
• If the instructor is using slides, don't just copy word for word what's on the slide. Instead, jot down the title of the slide and the key idea, concept, or overall topic under discussion (this should be apparent from either the title of the slide deck, the title of the slide itself, or the instructor's introduction).
• Listen actively to your instructor's treatment of the material and his or her points of emphasis. Try to really listen to what your instructor is saying. Then, as your teacher makes important points, write them down in bullet-point or summarized fashion. Don't worry too much about organization in the moment. Just do your best to capture the discussion in a way that makes sense to you.
• If you're confused about something, ask for clarification. Many students make the mistake of not asking for help when the teacher makes a statement that is confusing or unclear. Sometimes even the best teachers go too fast or fail to transition you through the material plainly. It's much better to ask for help than to write down a bunch of information that makes no sense to you later.
• This is an important and often-overlooked point: once class is over, rewrite or retype your notes, using the opportunity to also fold in information from your textbook or other resources. This is your opportunity to bring real organization, clarity, and understanding to the material. You should rewrite or retype your notes regularly (preferably daily, but if that's not possible, at least weekly). You'll be amazed at how much more sense the material makes if you take the time to look at it critically and rework it in a way that makes sense to you on a regular basis.
• Take notes from your books and other resources as well as your class notes—see the section later here on “reading to understand.” This test covers a lot of material. Paying attention to what gets attention in resources can help you focus.
• Review your notes before class every day. Doing so serves as a reminder of where you are chronologically and helps you transition from concept to concept and era to era. Work mindfully to make connections among the material that you're learning. Those connections will serve you well later.
• How do you read to understand? Material such as this book and your class textbook can make the difference between a passing and failing grade, or between a so-so and an excellent score. However, you need to understand what you're reading so that you can supplement your class notes:
• Do a complete read-through. Start with the objectives of the chapter. Review the questions at the end.
• Map out the main ideas. Once you've read through the material and have an overall understanding, write down the main ideas and leave space to fill in details. Wherever possible, find your own words. Avoid copying text exactly from the book. Paraphrasing the material in your own words helps you engage with the material and facilitates your learning.
• Reread the material. Once you have the main ideas mapped out, you should reread the material with an eye toward filling in details under each of the main ideas.
• Fill in the details. Now that you've reread, write details under each main idea—again, do not copy the words exactly from the book, but use your own words so that you retain the information. Use details from the book or other resource and from your class notes.
• Put the book aside, and read through your notes. Do you understand what you've written? Have you accurately represented the main ideas? Did you fill in the appropriate level of detail?
• Review, review, review. Read your notes over and over again. That's how you get the information to stick.
Step 3: create a Realistic Study Plan
If you're like many students with challenging classes, extracurricular activities, and other priorities, you may have only a limited amount of time to review for this test. This section will help you get the most out of your limited test preparation time and make it really count. You need a plan specifically for you—one that addresses your needs and considers the time you have available. No two people will have exactly the same plan or use this book in exactly the same way. To develop a personalized test prep plan, you'll need to identify your weak points and then allocate time to address them efficiently and effectively.
Here are the three basic steps to creating a personalized test prep plan:
1. Identify your weak points. Start by taking the Diagnostic Test
(page 53) in this book. This will show you what you're up against. It will also help you get a feel for the test and identify the subject areas in which you need to focus. On the basis of your performance, you can prioritize the subjects to review, starting with the areas in which you are weakest. If your time is limited or if you feel you're not ready to take a complete practice test, focus your review by skimming the diagnostic test and identifying those areas in which you have the most difficulty with understanding.
2. Develop a review plan and a schedule. Figure out how much time you can devote each week to test preparation and reserve specific blocks of time for this purpose. Create a written schedule that includes specific time slots and activities or content areas for review. This will help you pace yourself to get through all of the material you want to review. You'll likely find that there are content areas or question types you want to focus on more than others. Also make sure your plan includes time to master testtaking strategies and actually take the practice tests.
3. Marshal your self-discipline. The hard part about a plan for test prep is making yourself stick to it. Schedule your test prep time actively in your calendar. Don't let it get pushed aside by more seemingly urgent activities. You've come a long way; don't blow the test by failing to prepare for it. Develop a plan for your needs in the time you have available and then stick with it.
For some people, it helps to have a study partner. A partner may make it easier to hold to the schedule and it may also help you to study more effectively. You and your partner can quiz each other, share information, and exchange ideas. However, for other people, having a study partner makes it harder to stay on topic and focus on studying. Try to figure out, by thinking about past experience, how you can best enforce your study plan and most effectively use your time.
Step 4: Use All the Resources at Your Disposal
This book is an excellent way to prepare for this test. It includes not only the diagnostic test but also two full practice tests. Each test has unique questions so you get the opportunity to address all different areas of the content in all different ways.
In addition, another practice test is available to you free of charge at mymaxscore.com.
Check out the website for the College Board (www.collegeboard.org). At this site, you can find actual released tests that are no longer in circulation along with general information about the test and testing advice.
You'll also find lots of other test resources in your library, at the local bookstore, or online. Look around to see what's available and figure out ways to work that material into your study time if you can.
Good luck! Happy studying!
SAT World History Subject Test Practice Test 1
SAT Subject Test in World History
Time—60 minutes 95 questions
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements is followed by five answer choices. Choose the answer choice that best answers the question or best completes the incomplete statement.
Note: This test uses the chronological designations BCE (before the Common Era) and CE (Common Era). These designations correspond to BC (before Christ) and AD (anno Domini), which are used in some history texts.
1. The Mauryan emperor Ashoka's reign was characterized by
A. honest proclamations and positive behavior
B. incessant warfare and brutality toward citizens
C. oppressive and ascetic totalitarian government
D. construction of expansive monuments and buildings
E. drastic rejection of Buddhist principles
2. Socialists such as Friedrich Engels argued that
A. society is necessary to protect individuals from the chaotic brutality inherent to human nature
B. governments can be truly just only when they directly represent the people under their rule
C. nations must compete for power and fortune just as animals compete for supremacy in nature
D. financial wealth and resources should be distributed evenly among the citizens of a nation
E. every citizen has a duty to devote his or her life to the betterment of the nation or culture
3. In the map shown, the dotted line approximates the path of
A. the Spanish silver trade
B. Portuguese colonization
C. the Cortes conquest of the Aztec
D. Mayan expansionism
E. the Pizarro conquest of the Inca
4. Which of these describes Hammurabi's most significant contribution to civilization?
A. The defeat and destruction of Assyrian invasion armies around 675 BCE
B. A precedent of peaceful negotiations with the rulers of Southwest Asia
C. The ushering of Egypt into the period known as the Old Kingdom
D. The design and construction of the legendary Hanging Gardens of Babylon
E. A comprehensive system of laws by which a kingdom could be governed
5. What was Sigmund Freud's intent with his breakthrough publication Die Traumdeutung?
A. Reconciling taboo desires
B. Interpreting the meaning of dreams
C. Exploring societal and gender roles
D. Debunking theories of hypnosis
E. Treating emotional hysteria
6. The nomadic practices of the Mongols proved MOST beneficial to the conquering of other peoples in that these practices
A. helped the Mongols to amass great stores of riches, food, and weapons
B. encouraged toughness and endurance among the Mongols
C. improved Mongol horsemanship and mobility and allowed them to strike quickly
D. enhanced the Mongols' ability to survive in different environments
E. served to increase the Mongol population and its armies
7. The Green Revolution was important in modern times because it
A. raised global support for environmental preservation initiatives
B. encouraged the development and use of renewable energy sources
C. aggressively advocated for equal rights for women and children
D. brought greater political stability to the nations of Eastern Europe
E. increased crop yields to combat starvation in developing nations
8. Which event marked the first year in the Muslim calendar?
A. Muhammad completed the Koran.
B. Muhammad was born.
C. Muhammad joined a caravan to Syria.
D. Muhammad died.
E. Muhammad journeyed from Mecca to Medina.
9. Which of these is symbolically represented by the sculpture of a mother wolf feeding two children?
A. Founding of the city of Rome
B. Greek dominance of the ancient world
C. Myths of the demigod Hercules
D. Importance of ancient philosophy
E. Rise of neoclassicism in Europe
10. The South African policy of apartheid was specifically designed to
A. prevent the spread of communism into the region
B. limit foreign influence on internal political matters
C. encourage trade with Europe and the Americas
D. ensure Afrikaners political dominance of the country
E. stabilize the nation in its early years of independence
11. Which modern fields have been most affected by the accomplishments of the ancient Greeks and Romans?
A. Ethics and religion
B. Medicine and hygiene
C. Politics and government
D. Finances and trade
E. Science and technology
12. In European history, the term Lebensraum, or “living space,” most commonly refers to the
A German desire for expansion in the twentieth century
B forced relocation of ethnic minorities into ghetto towns
C rejection of industrialization and urbanization
D celebration of the bucolic ideal in art and literature
E immigration to North America in the twentieth century
13. Conflicts between which two religions resulted in the Edict of Nantes (1598)?
A. Jainism and Islam
B. Calvinism and Lutheranism
C. Roman Catholicism and Protestantism
D. Hinduism and Buddhism
E. Sikhism and Orthodox Judaism
14. What was the primary motivation for most Irish citizens who immigrated to North America in the nineteenth century?
A. Find freedom of religion
B. Locate support for Irish independence
C. Escape national famine
D. Avoid conscription in the British army
E. Protest British imperialism
15. In the Hindu caste system, members of the Shudra caste originally served as
A. servants and workers
B. kings and nobles
C. traders and merchants
D. soldiers and courtiers
E. priests and teachers
16. The Olmec civilization occupied the modern-day lands known as
A. Baja California Peninsula
B. Western Mexico's Pacific Coast
C. Guatemala and Northern Belize
D. Southern Mexico's Gulf Coast
E. Amazon basin and rainforest
“Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of war, where every man is enemy to every man, the same consequent to the time wherein men live without other security than what their own strength and their own invention shall furnish them withal. In such condition there is... continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”
17. The above statement expresses the views of which historical figure?
A. Thomas Hobbes
B. John Calvin
C. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
D. Niccolo Machiavelli
E. Thomas Aquinas
18. Japan underwent change during the Meiji Restoration that most closely resembled change in
A. Persia under the rule of the Hephthalites
B. Russia during the reign of Czar Peter I
C. Judea under Roman occupation
D. Sri Lanka prior to British colonization
E. France during the Revolutionary era
19. The Duma, active in Russia from 1906 to 1917, can BEST be described as a/an
A. revolutionary secret society
B. anticommunist political party
C. elected legislative body
D. secret government police force
E. union of industrial workers
20. The Byzantine Empire collapsed after more than one thousand years in existence primarily because of the
A. ascension of Frederick III to Holy Roman Emperor in 1452
B. Great Schism that began around 1378
C. Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453
D. end of Russian tributes to the Golden Horde in 1462
E. French victories that ended the Hundred Years' War in 1453
21. Books such as George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four and Aldous Huxley's Brave New World are major twentieth-century examples of what literary form?
A. Tragicomedy
B. Satirical fiction
C. Epistolary fiction
D. Dystopian novel
E. Feminist novel
22. The practice of offshoring by industrialized countries in the twentieth century generally values all of the following EXCEPT
A. increased availability of raw materials
B. domestic economic development
C. reduction of overall business costs
D. overall lowering of labor costs
E. less stringent labor and environmental laws
23. The introduction of agriculture most significantly affected formerly nomadic societies by
A. creating a gender-based separation of responsibilities
B. increasing the density of the population
C. necessitating the frequent migration of humans
D. decreasing the chance of food surpluses
E. eradicating the traditional specialization of labor
24. Which country claimed the colony of Madagascar as a possession until an ongoing freedom movement led to its independence in 1960?
A. France
B. Germany
C. United States
D. Portugal
E. Britain
25. When issued in 1215, the Magna Carta established the legal principle of
A. due process of law
B. burden of proof
C. statute of limitations
D. judicial deference
E. sovereign immunity
26. Which religion developed in India alongside Buddhism around the sixth century BCE in response to religious speculation over Hinduism?
A. Jainism
B. Rastafarianism
C. Shintoism
D. Sikhism
E. Zoroastrianism
27. In the Paraguayan War beginning in 1864, Paraguay fought against the combined forces of
A. Spanish and British colonizers
B. Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil
C. Chile, Peru, and Bolivia
D. Peru and British colonizers
E. Bolivia and Spanish colonizers
28. In what year were Upper and Lower Canada united?
A. 1755
B. 1776
C. 1813
D. 1841
E. 1913
29. The medieval African empire of Ghana thrived because of its intermediary position between the
A. intellectuals of Europe and Africa
B. traders of salt and traders of gold and ivory
C. Silk Roads and the spice routes
D. fishing towns and agricultural communities
E. Christian and Muslim settlements
30. The Chinese imperial palace used by rulers from the Ming through the Qing dynasties was known as the
A. Forbidden City
B. Wumen
C. Potala Palace
D. Xanadu
E. Outer City
31. The ziggurats of ancient Mesopotamia most closely resembled the
A. Vedas of the Aryans
B. pyramids of the Egyptians
C. aqueducts of the Romans
D. pueblos of the Native Americans
E. pagodas of the Chinese
32. A twentieth-century territorial dispute over control of the province of Kashmir resulted in conflict between India and
A. Russia
B. China
C. Pakistan
D. Japan
E. Bangladesh
33. Which of these was NOT true of the pharaohs of ancient Egypt?
A. They owned most of the kingdom's land.
B. They were said to become divine after death.
C. They typically delegated duties to viziers.
D. They were required to be male.
E. They were believed to control nature.
34. The opium trade between Britain and China arose primarily due to
A. lack of Japanese participation in trade
B. European interest in trading with China
C. the belief that opium was medicinally beneficial
D. Chinese desire for European manufactured items
E. the increasing scarcity of natural resources in Europe
35. How was the Great Schism in Roman Catholicism resolved in the fifteenth century?
A. Church electors installed a second and third pope.
B. The Council of Constance chose to recall popes.
C. Scholars translated the Bible into vernacular English.
D. Scholasticism changed belief systems in Europe.
E. The papacy temporarily relocated to Avignon in France.
36. The theology of Judaism MOST differed from other early religions due to its belief in
A. monotheism
B. Gnosticism
C. nihilism
D. divine right of monarchs
E. religious rites and rituals
37. What was the primary difference between the artistic movements of romanticism and classicism?
A. Romanticism alluded to the art and thought of ancient civilizations.
B. Romanticism stressed the importance of feelings and emotions.
C. Classicism was inspired by the forms and essences of nature.
D. Romanticism was founded on principles of reason and rationale.
E. Classicism rejected science and symmetry in its compositions.
38. Which of these was an important virtue in Daoism?
A. Focusing on secular advancement
B. Fostering community-mindedness
C. Separating spirituality from culture
D. Adhering to strict moral duties
E. Eliminating all earthly desires
39. The Rosetta stone was important in
A. understanding currency and trade rates in ancient North Africa
B. deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics using Greek translations
C. tracing the milestones of Roman occupation in Southwest Asia
D. translating written inscriptions in the Linear A and B forms
E. providing a written record of the laws of ancient Mesopotamia
40. Pope Benedict VIII made a lasting change to Roman Catholic doctrine in 1022 when he passed a declaration that
A. instituted a celibacy requirement for clergy
B. forbade the sale of indulgences to laymen
C. instituted the practice of selling church offices
D. forbade the use of torture during inquisitions
E. instituted the practice of electing multiple popes
41. Which ancient civilization most likely pioneered the production and use of iron around 2500 BCE?
A. Persians
B. Hebrews
C. Hittites
D. Babylonians
E. Sumerians
42. The individual political struggles of Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi were MOST similar in that they
A. worked to secure the independence of their nations from colonial rule
B. fought against oppressive governments that encouraged racism
C. eventually became high-ranking officials in their governments
D. protested injustice through prolonged hunger strikes
E. founded militant revolutionary organizations
43. By the year 1100 CE, the strongest Norman influence was felt in which modern regions?
A. Norway, Sweden, and England
B. Africa and the Mediterranean
C. Russia and the Baltic region
D. Germany, Austria, and Italy
E. England, Italy, and France
44. The Paleolithic Era was distinguished by the use of stone tools, while the Neolithic Era was distinguished by
A. metalworking capabilities
B. cavalry as part of warfare
C. advanced architectural construction
D. advances in agriculture
E. marked empire building
45. The medieval cities of Venice, Italy, and Tenochtitlan, Mexico, were MOST similar in that they
A. hosted populations of about 400,000 citizens
B. served as major seaports for international trade
C. were sacked by invaders in the sixteenth century
D. prospered because of their industrial capacities
E. were constructed on top of islands
46. Which of these is the BEST example of the practice known as “total war”?
A. Extension of armed conflict beyond traditional land battles into the sea and air
B. Use of extensive espionage and reconnaissance networks within enemy territory
C. Use of cutting-edge technology and propaganda to influence public sentiments
D. Bombing of civilian centers to destroy an enemy's ability to continue fighting
E. Inability to end a conflict without the complete destruction of the enemy's army
“Respectfulness, without the rules of propriety, becomes laborious bustle; carefulness, without the rules of propriety, becomes timidity; boldness, without the rules of propriety, becomes insubordination; straightforwardness, without the rules of propriety, becomes rudeness.”
47. The above excerpt expresses the viewpoint of
A. Machiavelli
B. Socrates
C. Erasmus
D. Confucius
E. Lao Tzu
48. Which of these statements about the practice of slavery in ancient and medieval civilizations is NOT true?
A. Slavery was rarely pursued among hunter-gatherer populations.
B. Enslaved people were put to work in a wide variety of occupations.
C. Slavery existed within Africa before European colonization.
D. Enslaved people were important to ancient Greece and Rome.
E. Enslaved people were almost exclusively black Africans.
49. In the map shown, the numbered dots correspond to cities. Which cities most closely represent the East-West limits of the territories conquered or controlled by Alexander the Great?
A. 1 and 6
B. 1 and 7
C. 2 and 6
D. 2 and 7
E. 3 and 7
50. The main goal of the 1848 meeting among liberal leaders in Frankfurt am Main was to
A. destroy the autonomy of the German states
B. win political favors from German princes
C. abolish the system of hereditary monarchy
D. promote the unification of German states
E. overthrow Frederick William of Prussia
51. European imperialist powers competed for influence in Egypt during the nineteenth century primarily because of the
A. importance of the Suez Canal
B. desire to exploit the Nile River valley
C. ease of moving armies through Egypt
D. interest in utilizing industrial capabilities
E. abundance of labor and resources
52. Which of these religions does NOT view the state of nirvana as the ultimate spiritual goal?
A. Buddhism
B. Hinduism
C. Islam
D. Jainism
E. Sikhism
53. The White Lotus society, most active in China between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries, is BEST characterized as a
A. civilian militia
B. religious sect
C. Manchu tribe
D. political party
E. economic alliance
54. Which two countries did James I rule concurrently from 1603 to 1625?
A. England and France
B. England and Wales
C. England and Scotland
D. Denmark and Norway
E. Ireland and Scotland
55. Which of these was the MOST significant accomplishment of the Phoenician civilization?
A. Creation of intricate and accessible legal codes
B. Discovery of significant celestial bodies
C. Development of the idea of compensatory damages
D. Study of the stars and their relationship to the zodiac
E. Invention of an alphabet for syllabic writing
56. The nation called Ceylon by British colonizers became known in the postcolonial period as
A. Sri Lanka
B. Cambodia
C. Laos
D. Bhutan
E. Myanmar
“We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.”
57. In what document did the above excerpt originally appear?
A. The Communist Manifesto
B. Final Solution
C. Five-Year Plan
D. Zimmermann telegram
E. Schlieffen Plan
58. All of these led to the Industrial Revolution in Britain EXCEPT a
A. consumerist society
B. number of technological advancements
C. decrease in the agricultural workforce
D. lack of being a colonial power
E. major international trading partner
59. The Taiping Rebellion was similar to the communist takeover in China in that both events
A. were generally unaffected by religious doctrine
B. originated from radical Marxist political views
C. were driven by discontent with the Versailles Treaty
D. involved minimal physical conflict and bloodshed
E. called for the equal distribution of property and rights
60. Which world calendar was created most recently?
A. Julian calendar
B. Egyptian calendar
C. Coptic calendar
D. Gregorian calendar
E. Mayan calendar
61. The actions of the Luddites MOST strongly supported the social perspective that
A. hereditary nobility is ordained by a divine power
B. freedom of religion could not exist in monarchical government
C. traditional gender roles are the foundation of a healthy economy
D. public education should be limited to the higher classes
E. industrial technology may be a detriment to workers
62. The medieval African emperor Mansa Musa was most notable for his
A. cruelty to ambassadors from neighboring lands
B. frequent violent incursions into Europe
C. role in establishing the Atlantic slave trade
D. opulence and enrichment of Timbuktu
E. religious fervor and support of Christianity
63. The Silk Roads were indirectly responsible for spreading
A. slavery in Europe
B. diseases in Africa
C. Buddhism in China
D. socialism in Asia
E. manorialism in India
64. Which system of writing was primarily used in the languages of Hindi, Sanskrit, and Nepali?
A. Arabic
B. Cuneiform
C. Latin
D. Cyrillic
E. Devanagari
65. The information shown in the graph BEST supports which of the following statements?
A. The birthrate of the developed nations in East Asia is on a rapid increase.
B. Improvement of medical technologies in South America has increased the life span there.
C. The population on the Indian subcontinent has been significantly reduced by natural disasters.
D. An HIV epidemic in the late twentieth century claimed a significant number of African lives.
E. The migration of Eastern Europe workers searching for employment has risen since the fall of the Soviet Union.
66. Captain James Cook contributed most significantly to the power of the British Empire by
A. leading a British campaign in the Seven Years' War
B. defeating French forces at Quebec
C. claiming Australia for the British crown
D. legislating for increased British industrialism
E. negotiating British control in India
67. Which style is demonstrated in the architecture of the buildings shown?
A. Gothic
B. Pueblo
C. Baroque
D. Spanish colonial
E. American colonial
68. In the twentieth century, Manfred von Richthofen came to be generally recognized as a symbol of the
A. excesses of landed aristocracy
B. spread of colonial expansionism
C. last vestiges of military chivalry
D. desire to separate church from state
E. movement for German unification
“O, my brothers, love your Country!... It is only through our country that we can have a recognized collective existence... Let each man among you strive to incarnate his country in himself.
Let each man among you regard himself as a guarantor, responsible for his fellow-countrymen, and learn so to govern his actions as to cause his country to be loved and respected through him.”
69. Which theory is best exemplified in this excerpt from the work of Giuseppe Mazzini?
A. Absolutism
B. Conservatism
C. Utilitarianism
D. Nationalism
E. Liberalism
70. Which philosopher died after being convicted of corrupting the youth of Athens in 399 BCE?
A. Xenophon
B. Socrates
C. Plato
D. Aristotle
E. Heracleides Ponticus
71. Mumbai was a world leader in which industry during the middle of the nineteenth century?
A. Silk production
B. Cotton textiles
C. Opium manufacture
D. Slave trade
E. Spice trade
72. The primary result of the Third Crusade was the
A. Muslim sacking of Constantinople
B. removal of Islamic rule in Spain
C. Christian failure to regain Jerusalem
D. foundation of the Latin Empire
E. Christian capture of Jerusalem
73. All of these took place in Brazil during the reign of Pedro II (1831-89) EXCEPT a/an
A. backlash against the “coffee government”
B. focus on producing coffee instead of sugar
C. abolition of slavery throughout Brazil
D. modernizing of railroads and telegraphs
E. military coup that overthrew the monarchy
74. Which of these leaders was MOST influential in the establishment of an Islamic government in modern Iran?
A. Reza Shah Pahlavi
B. Nader Shah Afshar
C. Ayatollah Ruhallah Khomeyni
D. Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
E. Agha Mohammad Khan
75. In African tradition, elaborately carved and decorated wooden masks are most likely to be employed during
A. ceremonies of spirits and religion
B. tribal battles and other warfare
C. family gatherings and clan meetings
D. theatrical and social entertainments
E. trade and diplomatic missions
76. In 212 CE, Roman citizenship was extended to
A. slaves and indentured servants
B. all free inhabitants of the Republic
C. all military personnel and veterans
D. educated native-born landowners
E. all free inhabitants of the empire
77. The events that took place at Masada in 72-73 CE showed that the early Jews of Israel were
A. great reformers in economy and society
B. fierce conquerors of opposing kingdoms
C. mediators of conflicts between neighbors
D. determined defenders of their homeland
E. enlightened scholars of philosophy
78. Which of these shows the correct chronological order in which different types of metals were discovered and used?
A. Bronze, iron, steel, copper
B. Copper, bronze, iron, steel
C. Iron, steel, copper, bronze
D. Steel, copper, iron, bronze
E. Bronze, copper, steel, iron
79. London was originally developed from a village into a major walled city by the
A. Vikings, circa 865 CE
B. Normans, circa 1066 CE
C. Anglo-Saxons, circa 670 CE
D. Celts, circa 50 BCE
E. Romans, circa 43 CE
80. The kingdom of Great Zimbabwe was most notable in the African Iron Age for its extensive system of
A. military formations
B. walls and stonework
C. ports and markets
D. silver mines
E. salt mines
81. The Russo-Japanese War became the first event in modern history in which
A. colonial and imperial ambitions led to armed conflict
B. an Asian nation achieved victory over a European power
C. two major world powers clashed over territory
D. a conflict took place simultaneously on the land and sea
E. territory rather than ideology was the motivating factor
82. The writings of Charles Dickens were BEST known for their criticism of
A. apparent hypocrisy in religious ethics
B. universal suffrage movements
C. British colonial ambitions and trade
D. economic inequality and poverty
E. racist practices and world slavery
83. In ancient times, the most common route for the Chinese to trade with the Roman Empire and Europe was
A. Via Maris
B. Silk Roads
C. Appian Way
D. Middle Passage
E. King's Highway
84. The Four Noble Truths, traditionally believed to have been articulated by the Buddha in his first sermon after enlightenment, include all of the following EXCEPT
A. suffering is caused by desire and other negative actions
B. dissemination of beliefs is necessary to a religion
C. human life is inevitably filled with sorrow
D. nirvana may be reached via the path of the Middle Way
E. cessation of desires can lead to the peace of nirvana
85. Chinese leader Kublai Khan was known for all of the following, EXCEPT
A. introducing Buddhism to China
B. completing the Mongol conquest of China
C. establishing a capital city in Beijing
D. serving as host and benefactor to Marco Polo
E. launching unsuccessful invasions of Japan
86. In seventeenth-century Holland, a major economic bubble resulted from speculative frenzy over the sale of
A. artwork
B. religious relics
C. Chinese silks
D. houses
E. tulips
87. This embroidery of England's King Harold was created to memorialize the
A. invasion of the Anglo-Saxons
B. Roman takeover of England
C. Irish resistance to English oppression
D. Norman takeover of England
E. English domination of Wales and Scotland
88. Which of these was the primary obstacle to French construction of the Panama Canal in the 1880s?
A. Diseases carried by mosquitoes
B. Negotiations with labor unions
C. Encroachments by the British
D. Conflicts with the natives
E. Battles of the Spanish-American War
89. The Chinese concept of t’ien ming, or mandate of heaven, most closely resembled the European ideal of
A. indentured labor
B. feudal manorialism
C. the “city on the hill”
D. divine right of kings
E. royal appanage
90. Which of these does NOT describe one of the reasons Mexico declined an alliance with Germany during World War I?
A. British blockades would prevent armament shipments to Mexico.
B. Americans in former Mexican territories would refuse to assimilate.
C. Mexican ships felt too threatened by German U-boats.
D. Attacking the United States would endanger South American alliances.
E. The United States would be too powerful an enemy for Mexico.
91. Ancient imperialism MOST differed from modern imperialism in that
A. modern imperialism focuses more on taxation of conquered people
B. ancient imperialism was undertaken mostly by Britain and France
C. modern imperialism has generally involved very few nations
D. ancient imperialism focused more strongly on Asia and Africa
E. modern imperialism is focused primarily on industrialist pursuits
92. The Songhai Empire in Western Africa collapsed in 1591 as an immediate result of
A. attempts to promote trade on the Niger River
B. an invasion by Morocco into the Songhai territory
C. fluctuations in the trading of gold and salt
D. conflict between Islam and traditional religions
E. the conquering of Gao by the Mali Empire
93. Alchemy is best defined as the practice of
A. paying reparations for damages caused by warfare
B. banning religious services in a particular region
C. making a government's political processes transparent
D. manufacturing interchangeable parts on assembly lines
E. attempting to transform metals and find immortality
94. The 1955 Warsaw Pact created a communist counterbalance to the
A. European Union
B. United Nations
C. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
D. European Economic Community
E. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
95. The Zapatista National Liberation Army, which arose in Mexico in the 1990s, chose the name Zapatista to evoke the
A. glories of Mexican monarchs
B. spirit of peasant rebellion
C. fervor of Islamic extremists
D. plight of migrant workers
E. anger of South American warriors
END OF PRACTICE TEST 1