Modern history

Bibliography

Books

  1. Walter Bagehot. Lombard Street: A Description of The Money Market. Henry S. King & Co. London; 1873
  2. Barry Eichengreen. Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression. Oxford University Press; 1992
  3. Milton Friedman and Anna Jacobson Schwartz, A Monetary History of the United States, 1867–1960. First Edition. Princeton University Press; November 21, 1963
  4. Milton Friedman, Money Mischief: Episodes in Monetary History. Mariner Books; March 31, 1994
  5. Irving Fisher. 100% Money. 1935. http://fisher-100money.blogspot.com
  6. The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report . Submitted by THE FINANCIAL CRISIS INQUIRY COMMISSION, Pursuant to Public Law 111-21 January 2011. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-FCIC/pdf/GPO-FCIC.pdf
  7. Yuval Noah Harari. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind. Hardcover – Illustrated, Harper; February 10, 2015
  8. Yuval Noah Harari. Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow. Hardcover – Illustrated, Harper; February 21, 2017
  9. Ray Kurzweil. The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. The Viking Press; September 22, 2005
  10. Allan H. Meltzer. A History of the Federal Reserve. University of Chicago Press.

Volume 1: 1913–1951. (2004)

Volume 2, Book 1: 1951–1969. (2014)

Volume 2, Book 2: 1970–1986. (2014)

  1. Mariana Mazzucato. The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs. Private Sector Myths. Revised edition. PublicAffairs; October 27, 2015
  2. Stephanie Kelton. The Deficit Myth: Modern Monetary Theory and the Birth of the People's Economy. Illustrated edition. PublicAffairs; June 9, 2020
  3. Joseph Schumpeter. Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical, and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process [Volumes One and Two]. First Edition 1939. Reprinted Martino Fine Books; January 25, 2017
  4. Federal Reserve System: Purposes and Functions series, 1939–2016. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Ten editions: 1939, 1947, 1954, 1961, 1963, 1974, 1984, 1994, 2005, 2016. See the Fiftieth Anniversary Edition, 1963. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/series/federal-reserve-system-4526

Acts of Congress

  1. The Federal Reserve Act of 1913. FRASER. Federal Reserve Archival System for Economic Research. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/federal-reserve-act-975
  2. The Gold Reserve Act of 1934. FRASER. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/scribd/?title_id=777&filepath=/files/docs/meltzer/sengol34.pdf
  3. The Employment Act Of 1946. FRASER. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/files/docs/historical/trumanlibrary/srf_014_002_0002.pdf

Papers

  1. “The Federal Reserve System's Weekly Balance Sheet Since 1914”. Cecilia Bao, Justin Chen, Nicholas Fries, Andrew Gibson, Emma Paine, and Kurt Schuler. 2018. Johns Hopkins University, Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and the Study of Business Enterprise, Studies in Applied Economics & Center for Financial Stability (working paper series), No. 115, July. https://sites.krieger.jhu.edu/iae/files/2018/07/Federal-Reserve-Systems-Weekly-Balance-Sheet-Since-1914.pdf ; and accompanying spreadsheet via: https://sites.krieger.jhu.edu/iae/working-papers/studies-in-applied-economics/
  2. “How Currency Gets into Circulation”. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York, https://www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/fedpoint/fed01.html
  3. “Reserve Requirements: History, Current Practice, and Potential Reform”. Federal Reserve Bulletin, June 1993. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/0693lead.pdf
  4. “Why Are Banks Holding So Many Excess Reserves?” Todd Keister and James J. McAndrews. Federal Reserve Bank Of New York. Current Issues in Economics and Finance. Volume 15, Number 8. December 2009. https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/current_issues/ci15-8.pdf
  5. “Monetary Policy 101: A Primer on the Fed's Changing Approach to Policy Implementation”. Jane E. Ihrig, Ellen E. Meade, and Gretchen C. Weinbach (2015). Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2015–047. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2015.047
  6. “How Does the Fed Adjust Its Securities Holdings and Who Is Affected?” Ihrig, Jane E. and Mize, Lawrence and Weinbach, Gretchen Cope. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Finance and Economics Discussion Series. (September 2017). FEDS Working Paper No. 2017-99, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3042513 or http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2017.099
  7. “The International Gold Standard and U.S. Monetary Policy from World War I to the New Deal”. Leland Crabbe. The Federal Reserve Bulletin, June 1989. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/files/docs/meltzer/craint89.pdf
  8. “Reserve Requirements”. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/reservereq.htm
  9. “Science, The Endless Frontier: A Report to the President” by Vannevar Bush, Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, July 1945. https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/nsf50/vbush1945.jsp
  10. National Institutes of Health. “What We Do”. https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do
  11. US Monetary Policy and Financial Markets, Ann-Marie Meulendyke, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1998, p. 38 https://files.stlouisfed.org/files/htdocs/aggreg/meulendyke.pdf
  12. The Carnegie Endowment For International Peace. “Competing With China on Technology and Innovation”, October 2019. https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/10/10/competing-with-china-on-technology-and-innovation-pub-80010

Other Sources

  1. Federal Reserve Bulletin. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/bulletin.htm
  2. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Annual Reports, 1914 to 2020. (Note: The Federal Reserve Board, Annual Reports, 1914 to 1934.) FRASER https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/annual-report-board-governors-federal-reserve-system-117?browse=1910s
  3. Financial Accounting Manual for Federal Reserve Banks. Federal Reserve Notes. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/aboutthefed/chapter-5-federal-reserve-notes.htm
  4. Historical Statistics of the United States: From Colonial Times to 1957, Chapter 10, Banking and Finance. https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/1960/compendia/hist_stats_colonial-1957/hist_stats_colonial-1957-chX.pdf
  5. FRASER. Federal Reserve Archival System for Economic Research. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fred.stlouisfed.org
  6. Factors Affecting Reserve Balances – H.4.1. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h41/
  7. Financial Accounts of the United States – Z.1. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/default.htm
  8. Banking And Monetary Statistics: 1914–1941. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/banking-monetary-statistics-1914-1941-38?browse=1940s#6408
  9. Banking And Monetary Statistics: 1941–1970. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/banking-monetary-statistics-1941-1970-41
  10. White House, Office of Management and Budget. Historical Tables https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/historical-tables/
  11. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. https://www.bea.gov
  12. International Monetary Fund. World Economic Outlook Database. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/SPROLLs/world-economic-outlook-databases#sort=%40imfdate%20descending
  13. The Debt to the Penny and Who Holds It. TreasuryDirect. https://treasurydirect.gov/govt/reports/pd/debttothepenny.htm
  14. National Science Foundation. National Patterns of R&D Resources. https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/natlpatterns/
  15. National Patterns of R&D Resources: 2017–2018 Data Update https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf20307/
  16. National Science Board. The State of U.S. Science and Engineering 2020 https://ncses.nsf.gov/indicators
  17. R&D Data. https://ncses.nsf.gov/indicators/data
  18. National Science Foundation. National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. Higher Education Research and Development Survey. https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvyherd/
  19. Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2020, Congressional Research Service. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R45715.pdf
  20. Congressional Budget Office. Budget and Economic Data. https://www.cbo.gov/about/products/budget-economic-data#3
  21. Monthly Treasury Statement. Bureau of the Financial Service. https://fiscal.treasury.gov/reports-statements/mts/
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