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arbalestrier |
user of an arbalest or crossbow |
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avoué |
hereditary title of secular representative of ecclesiastical institution |
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bachelier |
unmarried household knight |
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bataille |
squadron of mounted knights/sergeants 100–120 strong, cf. eschiele |
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Brabançon |
mercenary soldier originally from Brabant in Flanders |
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Boulonnais |
appertaining to Boulogne |
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chevauchée |
mounted raiding expedition |
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Cinque Ports |
confederacy of Channel ports, originally five in number |
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cog |
large sailing ship, cf. nef |
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commençailles |
opening stages of a tournament |
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conroi |
troop of mounted knights/sergeants twelve to twenty-four strong |
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curialis |
member of the court |
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demesne |
land exploited directly by a feudal lord |
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denier |
silver penny; the standard unit of currency |
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destrier |
war horse |
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eschiele |
squadron of mounted knights/sergeants 100–120 strong, cf. bataille |
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fee |
landed estate held in exchange for military service; also feodum or fief |
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gambeson |
padded protective jacket used by mounted or foot troops, cf. pourpoint |
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haubergeon |
short mail shirt, sometimes hooded, used by foot troops |
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hauberk |
long mail shirt with hood, used by mounted troops |
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Hospitaller |
knightly monk, member of the religious order of the Hospital of St John |
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knot |
nautical measure of speed = 1 sea mile per hour (2025yd/1.8km) |
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losengier |
deceitful flatterer |
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Marcher |
Anglo-Norman lord or knight resident on the Welsh border |
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mesnie |
band of knights maintained in a lord’s household |
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Michaelmas |
29 September |
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nef |
large sailing ship, cf. cog |
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Outremer |
Frankish overseas possessions in the East, e.g. Kingdom of Jerusalem |
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palfrey |
gentleman’s riding horse |
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perrière |
small counter-weight stone-thrower or petraria |
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pourpoint |
padded linen jacket, cf. gambeson |
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Poitevin |
someone from Poitou, south of the Loire |
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prud’homme |
counsellor of repute |
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recet |
palisaded refuge at tournament |
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rouncey |
poor-quality riding horse or pack horse |
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routier |
member of a band of mercenary soldiers or ruta |
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scutage |
tax levied on knights in lieu of personal service |
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seneschal |
originally steward of a great house, hence deputy for its absent lord |
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sergeant |
mounted or foot soldier of non-noble origin |
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snecca |
fast longship powered by oars, from snekkjur or ‘snake’ |
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tallage |
tax levied on towns and the royal demesne |
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Templar |
knightly monk, member of the religious order of the Temple |
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Tourangeau |
someone from Touraine, near Tours on the Loire |
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trébuchet |
large counter-weight stone-thrower |
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trovère |
troubadour or poet |
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vavassour |
knightly warrior living on his own estate |