Abbreviations

ANS

Anglo-Norman Studies

ASC

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (cited by year)

Barlow, Confessor

F. Barlow, Edward the Confessor (new edn, 1997).

Bates, Conqueror

D. Bates, William the Conqueror(1989).

Carmen

The Carmen de Hastingae Proelio of Guy, Bishop of Amiens, ed. F. Barlow (Oxford, 1999).

Councils and Synods

Councils and Synods with Other Documents Relating to the English Church, I, 871–1204, ed. D. Whitelock, M. Brett and C. N. L. Brooke (2 vols., Oxford, 1981).

Douglas, Conqueror

D. C. Douglas, William the Conqueror: The Norman Impact Upon England (1964).

DNB

www.oxforddnb.com (cited by name). For the printed text, see The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, ed. H. C. G. Matthew and B. Harrison (60 vols., Oxford, 2004).

Eadmer

Eadmer’s History of Recent Events in England, ed. G. Bosanquet (1964).

EER

Encomium Emmae Reginae, ed. A. Campbell and S. Keynes (Cambridge, 1998).

EHD

English Historical Documents

EHR

English Historical Review

Fernie, Architecture

E. Fernie, The Architecture of Norman England (Oxford, 2000).

Freeman, Norman Conquest

E. A. Freeman, The History of the Norman Conquest of England (6 vols., Oxford, 1867–79).

Gaimar, Estoire

Geffrei Gaimar, Estoire des Engleis, ed. and trans. I. Short (Oxford, 2009).

Garnett, Short Introduction

G. Garnett, The Norman Conquest: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, 2009).

GND

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni, ed. E. M. C. van Houts (2 vols., Oxford, 1992–5).

HH

Henry of Huntingdon, The History of the English People 1000―1154, ed. and trans. D. Greenway (Oxford, 2002).

JW

The Chronicle of John of Worcester, ed. R. R. Darlington and P. McGurk, trans. J. Bray and P. McGurk (3 vols., Oxford, 1995, 1998, forthcoming).

Letters of Lanfranc

The Letters of Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, ed. and trans. V. H. Clover and M. T. Gibson (Oxford, 1979).

OV

The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, ed. M. Chibnall (6 vols., Oxford, 1968–80).

RRAN

Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum: The Ada of William I (1066–1087), ed D. Bates (Oxford, 1998).

SD, History

Simeon of Durham, History of the Kings of England, trans. J. Stevenson (facsimile reprint, Lampeter, 1987).

SD, Libellus

Simeon of Durham, Libellus de Exordio atque Procursu istius, hoc est Dunhelmensis, ed. D. Rollason (Oxford, 2000).

Snorri

Snorri Sturluson, King Harald’s Saga, ed. M. Magnusson and H. Pálsson (1966).

Sources and Documents

The Norman Conquest of England: Sources and Documents, ed. R. A. Brown (Woodbridge, 1984).

TRHS

Transactions of the Royal Historical Society

VER

The Life of King Edward who Rests at Westminster, ed. F. Barlow (2nd ed n, Oxford, 1992).

Wace

The History of the Norman People: Wace’s Roman de Rou, trans. G. S. Burgess (Woodbridge, 2004).

WM, Gesta Pontificum

William of Malmesbury, Gesta Pontificum Anglorum, I, ed. and trans. M. Winter-bottom (Oxford, 2007).

WM, Gesta Regum

William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum Anglorum, I, ed. and trans. R. A. B. Mynors, R. M. Thomson and M. Winterbottom (Oxford, 1998).

WM, Saints’ Lives

William of Malmesbury, Saints’ Lives, ed. M. Winterbottom and R. M. Thomson (Oxford, 2002).

WP

The Gesta Guillelmi of William of Poitiers, ed. R. H. C. Davis and M. Chibnall (Oxford, 1998).