Notes to Chapter 1
1 Shores and Thomas, 2nd Tactical Air Force. Volume Two: Breakout to Bodenplatte, p. 291.
2 Bergström, Bagration to Berlin: The Final Air Battles in the East 1944-1945, p. 59.
3 Ibid., p. 60.
4 Carell, Verbrannte Erde: Schlacht zwischen Wolga und Weichsel, p. 432.
5 Ellis, Brute Force, p. 382.
6 Zetterling, Normandy 1944: German Military Organization, Combat Power and Organizational Effectiveness, p. 32.
7 Bayerlein, Panzer Lehr Division (24-25 Jul 44). A-902, p. 2.
8 Ibid., p. 3.
9 Ibid., p. 3.
10 Zetterling, p. 32; Hastings, Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy, p. 236.
11 Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G, p. 259.
12 Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe, p. 399.
13 Rust, The 9th Air Force in World War II, p. 98.
14 Wilmot, p. 399.
15 Gooderson, Air Power at the Battlefront: Allied Close Air Support in Europe 1943-45, p. 112.
16 Wilmot, p. 422.
17 Schramm, Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (hadanefter KTB OKW), vol. 7, p. 352.
18 Bergström, p. 83.
19 Der Heeresarzt im Oberkommando des Heeres/GenstdH/ GenQu/Az. 1335/c/d (IIb): Personelle blutige Verluste des Feldheeres - Berichtigte Meldung fur die Zeit vom 1.6. 1944 bis 10.1. 1945.
20 Ellis, Cassino, the Hollow Victory: The Battle for Rome January-June 1944, p. xii.
21 Okdo.d.H.Gr. B I1 Nr 6704/44 g.Kdos. Chefs. 29.8. 1944.
22 Liddell Hart, Andra världskrigets historia, del 2, p. 225.
23 Carell, Unternehmen Barbarossa, p. 328.
24 Shulman, The German Defeat in the West, p. 198.
25 Nobécourt, Hitler’s Last Gamble: The Battle for the Ardennes, p. 81.
26 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 19/IV, Anlage 2101; Kriegstagebuch OB West, 11. September 1944.
27 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 19/IV, Anlage 2078; Kriegstagebuch OB West, 10. September 1944.
28 MacDonald, United States Army in World War II European Theater of Operations: The Siegfried Line Campaign, p. 43.
29 OB West Ia Nr. 8138/44 g.Kdos. vom 15.9. 1944; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 33.
30 Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 33.
31 Ellis, Brute Force, p. 398.
32 The Administrative History of Operations of 21 Army Group on the Continent of Europe 6 June 1944 8 May 1945. MCHS 0514, p. 47; Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe, p. 472.
33 Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G, p. 266.
34 Bradley, A Soldier’s Story, p. 396.
35 Bradley, A Soldier’s Story, p. 396.
36 Montgomery, p. 268.
37 Ibid.
38 Montgomery, p. 269.
39 Liddell Hart, p. 230.
40 KTB OKW, vol. 7, p. 395.
41 Eisenhower, Crusade in Europe, p. 299.
42 Liddell Hart, p. 233.
43 Ibid., p. 228.
44 Keppler, Fighting of the I SS-Panzer-Corps in Northern France (from 16 August to 18 October 1944). B-623, p. 31.
45 MacDonald, United States Army in World War II European Theater of Operations: The Siegfried Line Campaign, p. 48.
46 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive: The Surprise German Assault that triggered the Battle of the Bulge, p. 37.
47 Ibid., p. 39.
48 Bradley, A Soldier’s Story, p. 431.
49 Ibid.
50 Blitz Street”, Channel 4, 10 May 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=saU3ftuG7CQ
51 Wilmot, p. 495.
52 Reichhelm, Report of Colonel (GSC) Reichhelm of the General Staff, concerning his activity as operations officer of Army Group B during operations in the West from fall 1944 to Spring 1945, A-925, p. 3.
53 Erickson, The Road to Berlin, p. 246.
54 Ibid., p. 416.
55 Ibid., p. 416.
Notes to Chapter 2
1 Kreipe, The Kreipe Diary, 22 July-2 November 1944. P-069, p. 34.
2 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 2.
3 Ibid.
4 Kreipe, pp. 34-35.
5 Schramm, The Preparations for the German Offensive in the Ardennes (Sep to Dec 1944). A-862, p. 62.
6 Kreipe, pp. 34-35.
7 Ibid., p. 35.
8 Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe, p. 560.
9 Schramm, A-862, p. 69.
10 Ibid., p. 65.
11 Schramm (red.), Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (henceforth KTB OKW), Vol. 7, p. 313.
12 Ellis, Brute Force: Allied Strategy and Tactics in the Second World War, p. 365.
13 Gooderson, Air Power at the Battlefront: Allied Close Air-Support in Europe 1943-45, p. 183.
14 Ibid., p. 192.
15 Galland et al, Fighting the Bombers: The Luftwaffe’s Struggle Against the Allied Bomber Offensive, p. 143.
16 Caldwell and Muller, The Luftwaffe over Germany: Defense of the Reich, p. 205.
17 Groehler, Geschichte des Luftkriegs, p. 428.
18 Ellis, p. 381.
19 Ibid., p. 431.
20 Ibid., p. 381.
21 Schramm, A-862, p. 74.
22 Kraemer, Sixth Panzer Army in the Ardennes. ETHINT-021, p. 1.
23 Schramm, A-862, p. 85.
24 Schramm, A-862, p. 85.
25 Ibid., p. 87.
26 Ibid.
27 Ibid.
28 KTB OKW, vol. 8, 2 Jan 1945, p. 978.
29 Intervju med Adolf Galland.
30 The Strategic Air War Against Germany 1939-1945: The Official Report of the British Bombing Survey Unit, p. 70.
31 Ibid., p. 72.
32 Vajda and Dancey, German Aircraft Industry Production 1933-1945, p. 139.
33 Wilmot, p. 556.
34 The U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey: European Theater of Operations: Second Edition January 1947, p. 16.
35 Wilmot, p. 554.
36 Schramm, A-862, p. 96.
37 Reichhelm, Report of Colonel (GSC) Reichhelm of the General Staff, concerning his activity as operations officer of Army Group B during operations in the West from fall 1944 to Spring 1945, A-925, p. 8.
38 Ibid., p. 9.
39 Ibid., p. 11.
40 Ibid., p. 12.
41 Ibid.
42 Schramm, A-862, p. 101.
43 Reichhelm, A-925, p. 12.
44 Ibid.
45 Grundgedanken der Operation ”Wacht am Rhein”. Geheime Kommandosache, Chefsache. Anlage 2 zu Chef WFst. Nr. 20/44 g.H.Chefs.St. 1. 11. 1944; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 305.
46 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). Foreign Military Study B-151, p. 29.
47 Ibid., p. 42.
48 Ibid.
49 Ibid.
50 Ibid., p. 43.
51 Ibid., p. 48.
52 Ibid., p. 64.
53 Ibid.
54 Ibid.
55 Ibid., p. 65.
56 Schramm, A-862, p. 116.
57 Ibid., p. 120.
58 Ibid., p. 127.
59 Gruchmann, Andra världskriget: Första delen 1939-1944, p. 38.
60 Ibid., p. 39.
61 Ibid., p. 55.
62 Schramm, A-862, p. 127.
63 Vajda and Dancey, p. 144.
64 Der Reichsmarschall des Grossdeutschen Reiches und Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe Nr. 10325/44 g.Kdos. Chefs. 14.11. 1944; Jung, p. 139.
65 Groehler, p. 455.
66 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/633. CX/MSS/T 401/92. West.
67 Der Reichsmarschall des Grossdeutschen Reiches und Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe Nr. 10325/44 g.Kdos. Chefs. 14.11. 1944; Jung, p. 139.
68 Ambrose, Citizen Soldiers: From the Beaches of Normandy to the Surrender of Germany, p. 145.
69 Ellis, p. 431.
70 KTB OKW, vol. 7, p. 428.
71 Ibid., p. 442.
72 Ibid.
73 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive, p. 209.
74 OKH/GenStdH/Org.Abt. Nr. I/20981/44 g.Kdos. 1. 12. 1944: Jung, p. 37.
75 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 485.
76 H.Gr. B/Ia Nr. 0051/44 g.Kdos.Chefs. 9.11. 1944; Meyer, The 12th SS, p. 211.
77 Schramm, A-862, p. 167.
78 Ibid., pp. 169-170.
79 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 79.
80 KTB OKW, Vol. 7, p. 443.
81 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 21.
82 Ibid.
83 Ibid., p. 20.
84 Ibid., p. 21.
85 Schramm, A-862, p. 132.
86 Ibid., p. 133.
87 Ibid., p. 123.
88 Ibid., p. 173; KTB OKW, Vol. 7, p. 444.
Notes to Chapter 3
1 Schramm, The Preparations for the German Offensive in the Ardennes (Sep to Dec 1944). A-862, p. 106.
2 Ibid.
3 von Manstein, Verlorene Siege, p. 13.
4 Ambrose, Eisenhower, Vol. 1: Soldier, General of the Army, President-Elect (1893-1952), pp. 44ff.
5 Metz, Eisenhower as Strategist: the Coherent Use of Military Power in War and Peace, p. 15.
6 Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe, p. 116.
7 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge: Hitler’s Final Gamble, p. 25.
8 Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G, p. 262.
9 Metz, p. 34.
10 Gelb, Ike and Monty: Generals at War, p. 183.
11 Ambrose, Eisenhower, Vol. 1: Soldier, General of the Army, President-Elect (1893-1952), pp. 271f.
12 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 34.
13 Ibid., p. 35.
14 Delaforce, p. 28.
15 Wilmot, p. 613.
16 Ibid., p. 596.
17 Delaforce, p. 23.
18 Parker, p. 35.
19 Ellis, Brute Force, p. 378.
20 Ibid., p. 337.
21 Ibid., p. 413.
22 Ibid., p. 414.
23 Delaforce, p. 28.
24 Blumenson, Patton Papers, 1940-1945, p. 288.
25 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 18.
26 Wilmot, p. 605.
27 Ellis, p. 432.
28 Ibid., p. 386.
29 Ibid., p. 433.
30 Ibid., p. 387.
31 Butler, SS-Leibstandarte: The History of the First SS-Division 1934-45, p. 188.
32 Höhne, The Order of the Death’s Head: The Story of Hitler’s SS, p. 439.
33 Parker, p. 37.
34 Schramm, A-862, p. 112.
35 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 2.
36 Ibid., p. 1.
37 Schramm, A-862, p. 112.
38 Ibid.
39 Ibid., p. 113.
40 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). B-151, p. 118.
41 Ridgway and Martin, Soldier: the memoirs of Matthew B. Ridgway, p. 114.
42 Price, Troy Middleton: A Biography, p. 175.
43 Letter from General Patton to General Middleton 25 April 1945. www.87thinfantrydivision.com/History/87th/LetterPatton2.html. 7 Oct 2012.
44 Blumenson, p. 496.
45 Wilmot, p. 400.
46 Kaune, General Troy H. Middleton: Steadfast in Command. A Monograph by United States Army School of Advanced Military Studies, p. 28.
47 Balkoski, Omaha Beach: D-Day June 6, 1944, p. 17.
48 Kokott, 26th Volks Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. Battle of Bastogne Part I. B-040, p. 86.
49 van Creveld, Fighting Power: German and U.S. Army Performance, 1939-1945, p. 168.
50 Ibid., pp. 158 and 153.
51 ”Auftragstaktik and Innere Führung: Trademarks of German Leadership” av Major General Werner Widder, German Army. Military Review, l, September-October 2002. http:// usacac.leavenworth.army.mil/CAC/milreview/download/ English/SepOct02/widder.pdf.
52 van Creveld, p. 38.
53 Truppenführung: Heeresdienstvorschrift 300, p. 1.
54 War Department. War Department Field Manual FM 100-5. Operations. 15 June 1944, p. 27.
55 Truppenführung: Heeresdienstvorschrift 300, p. 1.
56 War Department. War Department Field Manual FM 100-5. Operations. 15 June 1944, p. 34.
57 War Department. FM 100-5 Field Service Regulations: Operations. May 22, 1941, p. 24.
58 Truppenführung: Heeresdienstvorschrift 300, p. 5.
59 English and Gudmundsson, On Infantry, p. 63.
60 Ibid.
61 Truppenführung: Heeresdienstvorschrift 300, p. 5.
62 Ibid., p. 1.
63 Ibid.
64 Franz Halder et al, Gutachten zu Field Service Regulations. U.S. Army Historical Division Study MS P-133, 1953, p. 2. Quoted in van Creveld, p. 38.
65 Metz, p. 6.
66 War Department. War Department Field Manual FM 100-5. Operations. 15 June 1944, p. 34.
67 English and Gudmundsson, p. 63.
68 Ibid., p. 64.
69 van Creveld, p. 46.
70 Colonel T. J. Cross i Department of the Army, The Personnel Replacement System, Pamphlet No. 20-211, Washington D.C., 1954, p. 467. Quoted in van Creveld, p. 77.
71 William Claire Menninger, Psychiatry in a Troubled World: Yesterday’s War and Today’s Challenge, New York, 1948, p. 345. Quoted in van Creveld, p. 95.
72 Fritz, Frontsoldaten: The German Soldier in World War II, p. 205.
73 Ibid., p. 241.
74 von Manteuffel, B-151, pp. 129-131.
75 Gutmann, Ardennes Follow-Up: 2d Panzer Division (16-20 Dec 44 & 13-17 Jan 45). P-109e, p. 3.
76 Reichhelm, Report of Colonel (GSC) Reichhelm of the General Staff, concerning his activity as operations officer of Army Group B during operations in the West from fall 1944 to Spring 1945. A-925, p. 26.
77 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 140.
78 Ibid., pp. 140-141.
79 Fussell, Wartime: Understanding and Behavior in World War II, p. 136.
80 Ibid., p. 141.
81 Ibid., p. 142.
82 ”Best Warriors Compete” av Wayne Cook, The Bulge Buster, Winter 2009-2010, p. 11 www.usar.army.mil/arweb/organization/commandstructure/USARC/TNG/75BCTD/News/Bulge%20Buster/Pages/default.aspx. 20 Aug 2012.
83 voicesofthebulge.blogspot.se/p/author-q.html. 20 Aug 2012.
84 van Creveld, p. 73.
85 Ibid., p. 74.
86 Marshall, Men Against Fire: The Problem of Battle Command, p. 17.
87 Ibid., pp. 15ff.
88 Ambrose, Citizen Soldiers, p. 276.
89 Wilson, If You Survive p. 214.
90 Cooper, Death Traps: The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 115.
91 Fussell, p. 122.
92 Moll, Bericht über den Einsatz der 18. V.G.D. in der Ardennen-Offensive (16.12.1944 bis 25.1.1945). B-734, p. 68.
93 Fussell, p. 120.
94 Ibid.
95 Richard C. Anderson, Jr., ”US Army in World War II Artillery and AA Artillery”. Military History Online. www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwii/usarmy/artillery.aspx. 10 Oct 2012.
96 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 177.
97 Schramm, Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (hädanefter KTB OKW, Vol. 7, p. 445.
98 Heilmann, Ardennen-Offensive. 5. Fallschirmjäger-Division. Foreign Military Study B-023, p. 11.
99 Ibid.
100 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 91.
101 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 37.
102 Heilmann, B-023, p. 12.
103 Ibid., pp. 13-14.
104 Ibid., p. 14.
105 Tiemann, p. 37.
106 Nobécourt, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 124.
107 Heilmann, B-023, p. 15.
108 Schramm, A-862, p. 213.
109 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). B-151A, p. 2.
110 Schramm, A-862, p. 248.
111 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 2.
112 Wilmot, p. 573.
113 Tolhurst, St Vith: US 106th Infantry Division, p. 40.
114 Ibid., p. 39.
115 Durr, The Cadre Division Concept: The 106th Infantry Division Revisited, p. 23.
116 Tolhurst, p. 39.
117 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I; Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’sLast Gamble; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive.
118 KTB OKW, Vol. 7, pp. 439 and 445.
119 OB West Ia Nr 10697/44 geh. 16.12. 1944.
Notes to Chapter 4
1 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). B-151A, p. 7.
2 ’’Germany’s Last Greater Offensive in the West”. Lieutenant Hans Joachim Neutmann. Edited by Dieter Stenger, January 2008. Veteran Voices, Stenger Historica. www.stengerhistorica.com/History/WarArchive/VeteranVoices/Neutmann.htm.3 May 2012.
3 ”Hans Poth: From the Kriegsmarine to the Infantrie”. Veteran Voices, Stenger Historica. www.stengerhistorica.com/ History/WarArchive/VeteranVoices/Poth.htm. 3 maj 2012.
4 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). B-151, p. 147.
5 Judge, Colonel D. J. ”Cavalry In the Gap: The 14th Cavalry Group (Mechanized) and the Battle Of the Bulge”. The 14th Cavalry Association. www.14cav.org/g1-bulge.html. 30 July 2010.
6 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume I: The Germans, p. 240.
7 ’’Germany’s Last Greater Offensive in the West”. Lieutenant Hans Joachim Neutmann. Edited by Dieter Stenger, January 2008. Veteran Voices. Stenger Historica. www.stengerhistorica.comHistoryWarArchiveVeteranVoices/Neutmann.htm. 3 May 2012.
8 Schäfer, Reinicke, Hermann, and Kittel, Die Mondschein-Division: Die 62. Infanteriedivision 1938-1944, die 62. Volksgrenadierdivision 1944-1945, p. 269.
9 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 120.
10 Schäfer, Reinicke, Hermann, and Kittel, p. 278.
11 von Manteuffel, B-151s. 147.
12 von Waldenburg, Commitment of the 116th Panzer-Division in the Ardennes (First part from 16 -26 Dec 1944). A-873, p. 2.
13 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 20.
14 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 120.
15 Ibid., p. 147.
16 Ibid., p. 147.
17 Ibid., p. 119.
18 Gutmann, Ardennes Follow-Up: 2d Panzer Division (16-20 Dec 44 & 13-17 Jan 45). P-109e, p. 1.
19 Gary Schreckengost. ”Battle of the Bulge: U.S. Army 28th Infantry Division’s 110th Regimental Combat Team Upset the German Timetable”. World War II, januari 2001; von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 26.
20 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945. A-939, p. 5.
21 Horst Helmus, Personal Diary.
22 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 213.
23 Ibid.
24 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 120.
25 Schäfer, Reinicke, Hermann, and Kittel, p. 279.
26 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 166.
27 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 120.
28 National Archives and Records Administration: Company “B” 820th Tank Destroyer Battalion, APO #339 U.S. Army, Battle Report 11 December to 31 December 1944 Inclusive.
29 Weiss, 560. Volks-Grenadier-Division: Angriffschlacht in den Ardennen, p. 17.
30 Ibid.
31 Cole, p. 196.
32 National Archives and Records Administration: Co. E, 112th Infantry. To: S-1, 112th Infantry. Company History for December, 1944. APO # 28, U.S. Army.
33 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 6.
34 National Archives and Records Administration: Company “B” 820th Tank Destroyer Battalion, APO #339 U.S. Army, Battle Report 11 December to 31 December 1944 Inclusive.
35 Kriegstagebuch II./Pz.Rgt. 16; Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahr im Westen Die Geschichte der 116. Panzer-Division -Windhund-Division - 1944-1945, p. 349.
36 National Archives and Records Administration: Company “B” 820th Tank Destroyer Battalion, APO #339 U.S. Army, Battle Report 11 December to 31 December 1944 Inclusive.
37 Kriegstagebuch II./Pz.Rgt. 16; Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahr im Westen Die Geschichte der 116. Panzer-Division - Windhund-Division - 1944-1945, p. 349.
38 Cole, p. 203; MacDonald, pp. 133-134.
39 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 7.
40 Guderian, p. 350.
41 MacDonald, p. 110.
42 Källa: Richard C. Anderson Jr., historian and analyst working for the U.S. Government.
43 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
44 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 145.
45 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 27.
46 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 707th Tank Battalion. October thru December 44. AAR # 253 U.
47 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 27.
48 Cooper, Death Traps: The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 105.
49 Gary Schreckengost. ”Battle of the Bulge: U.S. Army 28th Infantry Division’s 110th Regimental Combat Team Upset the German Timetable”. World War II, januari 2001.
50 Strauss, Die Geschichte der 2. (Wiener) Panzer-Division, p. 181.
51 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 -Ardennes and Nordwind -Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4A, ss. 8-9.
52 von Manteuffel, B-151, p. 147.
53 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 475.
54 Cole, p. 182.
55 Horst Helmus, Personal Diary.
56 Cole, s. 182.
57 Kokott, 26th Volks Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. Battle of Bastogne Part I, B-040, p. 33.
58 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 707th Tank Battalion. October thru December 44. AAR # 253 U.
59 Kokott, B-040, p. 26.
60 Horst Helmus, Personal Diary.
61 Guderian, p. 592.
62 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 8.
63 Kriegstagebuch LVIII: Panzerkorps, 17.12. 1944. Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 24/58; Guderian, p. 351.
64 History of 811th Tank Destroyer Battalion. www. tankdestroyer.net/images/stories/ArticlePDFs/811th-Tank-Destroyer-Battalion-History_Part_2.pdf.
65 Zaloga, Battle of the Ardennes (2): Bastogne, p. 29.
66 MacDonald, p. 265.
67 Guderian, p. 351.
68 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 8.
69 Weiss, 560. Volks-Grenadier-Division: Angriffschlacht in den Ardennen, p. 18.
70 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 8.
71 Guderian, p. 587.
72 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters, 28th Infantry Division, APO 28, U. p. Army, Office of the A C of S, G-1, 4 January 1945. After action report, Unit Report No. 6. From: 010001 Dec 1944 To: 312400 Dec 1944. Hq., 28th Inf Div., 15 January 1945, In The Field. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 28th Infantry Division, Operational Reports, Box 8479.
73 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 10.
74 MacDonald, p. 134.
75 Gary Schreckengost, ”Battle of the Bulge: U.S. Army 28th Infantry Division’s 110th Regimental Combat Team Upset the German Timetable”. World War II Magazine, January 2001.
76 MacDonald, ss. 134.
77 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 124.
78 Strauss, p. 181.
79 Cole, p. 190.
80 Gutmann, Ardennes Follow-Up: 2d Panzer Division (16-20 Dec 44 & 13-17 Jan 45). P-109e, p. 3.
81 MacDonald, p. 276.
82 Colonel H.E. Fuller, Report of Operations of the 110th Infantry Combat Team 16-18 December 1944.
83 Ibid.
84 Ibid.
85 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945, p. 7.
86 Fuller, Report of Operations of the 110th Infantry Combat Team 16-18 December 1944.
87 MacDonald, p. 296.
88 Ibid.
89 Cole, p. 206.
90 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 707th Tank Battalion. October thru December 44. AAR # 253 U.
91 MacDonald, p. 297.
92 Ibid., p. 275.
93 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 64.
94 Weaver, Guard Wars: The 28th Infantry Division in World War II, p. 227.
95 Ibid.
96 Summers, Armor at Bastogne, p. 21.
97 Kokott, B-040, p. 39.
98 Toland, Battle: The Story of the Bulge, p. 170.
99 Stanley Frank. ”The Glorious Collapse of the 106th”. The Saturday Evening Post, 9 november 1946. http://www.indianamilitary.org/106ID/Articles/SatEvenPost/SatEvenPost.htm. 30 July 2010.
100 Kelly and Goldstein, The Fightin’ 589th, p. 94.
101 Prien and Rodeike, Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11, Teil 3 - 1944-45, p. 1352.
102 Rust, The 9th Air Force in World War II, p. 132.
103 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen.
104 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen; MACR 9th US Air Force, 17 December 1944; Shores and Thomas, 2nd Tactical Air Force, Volume Two, p. 359.
105 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
106 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
107 Moll, Bericht über den Einsatz der 18. V.G.D. in der Ardennen-Offensive (16.12.1944 bis 25.1.1945). B-734, p. 19.
108 Cole, p. 275.
109 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 58.
110 Ibid., p. 170.
111 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/633. CX/MSS/T 401/16. HP 6448 West.
112 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
113 Ibid.
114 Ibid.
115 MacDonald, p. 333.
116 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 115.
117 Ardennen Poteau ’44 Museum, 18th December 1944: What really happened at the ambush on the road Poteau - Recht, p. 10.
118 Reynolds, Men of Steel, p. 75.
119 Engineer Memoirs, EP 870-1-25: ’’General William M. Hoge”. US Army Corps of Engineers. 31 Jan 93, p. 129. http://publications.usace.army.mil/publications/eng-pamphlets/EP_870-1-25/toc.htm. 11 July 2012.
120 Sullivan, Air Support for Patton’s Third Army, p. 126.
121 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-30 November, 1944. Headquarters 7th Armored Division. APO 257, U. p. Army.
122 Cole, p. 277.
123 Moll, Bericht über den Einsatz der 18. V.G.D. in der Ardennen-Offensive (16.12.1944 bis 25.1.1945). B-734, p. 31.
124 Lucht, The LXVI AK in the Schnee-Eifel, B-333, p. 12.
125 Tieke, Im Feuersturm letzter Kriegsjahre: II. SS-Panzerkorps mit 9. und 10. SS-Division ”Hohenstaufen” und ”Fundsberg”, p. 420.
126 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 -Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4A, ss. 120-121.
127 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 403/82 HP 9880 West.
128 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
129 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 403/23 West.
130 Remer, The Fuehrer-Begleit-Brigade (The Brigade under the command of Remer) in the Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 to 26 Jan 45), B-592, p. 8.
131 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 403/23 West.
132 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 67.
133 Cole, p. 294.
134 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 52nd Armd Inf Bn. 9th Armored Division 20 Oct 44 thru 8 May 45. AAR 425-U.
135 Ibid.
136 Ibid.
137 Clark Marsh, ”The Life most never knew”. http://searcyyesteryear.blogspot.se/2010/08/clark-marsh-life-most-never-knew.html. 16 June 2012.
138 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 52nd Armd Inf Bn. 9th Armored Division 20 Oct 44 thru 8 May 45. AAR 425-U.
139 Cole, p. 296; MacDonald, p. 286.
140 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 52nd Armd Inf Bn. 9th Armored Division 20 Oct 44 thru 8 May 45. AAR 425-U.
141 Gutmann, Ardennes Follow-Up: 2d Panzer Division (16-20 Dec 44 & 13-17 Jan 45), P-109e, p. 9.
142 MacDonald, p. 287.
143 Gutmann, p. 3.
144 Ibid.
145 Ibid.
146 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 52nd Armd Inf Bn. 9th Armored Division 20 Oct 44 thru 8 May 45. AAR 425-U.
147 Ibid.
148 Ibid.
149 Ibid.
150 Marshall, Men Against Fire: The Problem of Battle Command, p. 16.
151 National Archives and Records Administration: Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403, p. 2.
152 Ibid.
153 Cole, p. 485.
154 MacDonald, p. 186.
155 Bradley, A Soldier’s Story, p. 465.
156 Ibid.
157 Toland, Battle: The Story of the Bulge, p. 170.
158 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 179.
159 Ridgway and Martin, Soldier: the memoirs of Matthew B. Ridgway, p. 114.
160 Crosswell, Beetle: The Life of General Walter Bedell Smith, p. 810.
161 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview: Lt Col Charles W Major, CO 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, Capt Herbert L. Little, S-3, 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, 25 March 1945.
162 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 707th Tank Bn. Nov-Dec 1944.
163 Bayerlein, Panzer Lehr Division (1 December 1944 - 26 January 1945). Foreign Military Study A-941, p. 67.
164 Kokott, B-040, p. 42.
165 Bayerlein, A-941, p. 67.
166 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 67; acording to Bayerlein this was not until 2000 hrs. (Bayerlein, A-941, p. 67).
167 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 67.
168 Bayerlein, A-941, p. 68.
169 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 67.
170 Summers, Armor at Bastogne, p. 16.
171 Price, Troy Middleton: A Biography, p. 237.
172 Summers, Armor at Bastogne, p. 22.
173 Ibid., p. 50.
174 Bayerlein, A-941, p. 67.
175 Bayerlein, Commitment of Pz Lehr in the first Days of Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 -21 Dec 44). Foreign Military Study A-942, p. 5.
176 Bayerlein, Commitment of Pz Lehr in the first Days of Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 -21 Dec 44). Foreign Military Study A-942, p. 5.
177 Strauss, Die Geschichte der 2. (Wiener) Panzer-Division, p. 182.
178 Ibid.
179 Kokott, B-040, p. 58.
180 McManus, Alamo in the Ardennes, p. 190.
181 Kokott, B-040, p. 58.
182 Ibid.
183 Cole, p. 302.
184 McManus, p. 192.
185 Cole, p. 303.
186 Kokott, B-040, p. 63.
187 Quarrie, The Ardennes Offensive: V Panzerarmee: Central Sector, p. 41; Zaloga, Battle of the Ardennes (2): Bastogne, p. 44.
188 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 69.
189 Strauss, p. 182; von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945, p. 9; Bayerlein, A-941, p. 87.
190 Cole, p. 309.
191 History of 811th Tank Destroyer Battalion. http://www.tankdestroyer.net/images/stories ArticlePDFs/811th-Tank-Destroyer-Battalion-History_Part_2.pdf.
192 Sylvan and Smith, p. 221.
193 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/635. CX/MSS/T 405/37 West.
194 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 144.
195 Crosswell, Beetle: The Life of General Walter Bedell Smith, p. 840.
196 Nobécourt, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 206.
197 MacDonald, p. 340.
198 Ibid., p. 339.
199 Moll, B-734, p. 20.
200 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 110.
201 Prien and Rodeike, Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11, p. 1353.
202 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 99.
203 MacDonald, p. 344.
204 Bowen John D. (red.) ”A German Diary of Lt Behmen, OC 2 Troop, 1818 Artillery Regt, 18 VG Div”. WW II Musings. Volume 3, Issue 3, June 1995.
205 The Information Section, Analysis Branch, Hq Army Ground Forces, Washington 25 DC, 1 Mar 1947, as found in the records of the National Archives and Records Administration, RG 407, Archives II.
206 Cole, p. 166.
207 Ibid., p. 170.
208 OB West Ia Nr. 12207/44 g.Kdos vom 22. 12 1944.
209 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
210 Ibid.
211 Ibid.
212 Weiss, 560. Volks-Grenadier-Division: Angriffschlacht in den Ardennen, p. 29.
213 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 78.
214 MacDonald, p. 311.
215 Remer, B-592, p. 9.
216 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
217 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 404/49 HP 9983 West.
218 Remer, B-592, p. 9.
219 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 -Ardennes and Nordwind -Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4A, ss. 110-111.
220 Wisliceny, Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 -20.1.1945: SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 3 ”Deutschland” Foreign Military Study # 20, p. 13.
221 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 404/49 HP 9983 West.
222 Schäfer et al, p. 281.
223 Cole, p. 404.
224 ”Hans Poth: From the Kriegsmarine to the Infantrie”. Veteran Voices. Stenger Historica. www.stengerhistorica.com/History/WarArchive/VeteranVoices/Poth.htm. 3 May 2012.
225 Toland, p. 179.
226 Ibid.
227 MacDonald, p. 473.
228 Toland, p. 179.
229 Ibid., p. 180.
230 Schrijvers, p. 170.
231 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
232 Tieke, p. 424.
233 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
234 MacDonald, p. 478.
235 Ibid.
236 Remer, Fuehrer Begleit Brigade In the Ardennes. European Theater Historical Interrogations ETHINT-80, p. 6.
237 Remer, The Fuehrer Escort Brigade in the Ardennes Offensive (Part II). Foreign Military Study B-838, p. 18.
238 Remer, B-592, p. 13.
239 Cole, p. 412.
240 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 44.
241 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
242 Cole, p. 412.
243 MacDonald, p. 480.
244 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
245 Remer, B-592, p. 14.
246 Cole, p. 409.
247 Remer, B-592, p. 14.
248 Schäfer et al, p. 284.
249 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report. 17th Tank Battalion. Box 15714 (7th Armored Division 607-TK-(17)-0.1 to 607-TK-(17)-0.7) of Record Group 407 (Adjutant General’s Office).
250 Lucht, The LXVI AK in the Schnee-Eifel, B-333, p. 16.
251 Schäfer et al, p. 284.
252 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 407/6 West.
253 The Bulge Bugle, Volume XIII, No. 1, February 1994. www.veteransofthebattleofthebulge.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/1994-Feb.pdf. 15 July 2012.
254 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
255 Ibid.
256 Cole, p. 422.
257 Ibid.
258 Cole, p. 422; Zaloga, Battle of the Ardennes (1): Sankt Vith and the Northern Shoulder, p. 91; Miller, Nothing less than full victory: Americans at war in Europe, 1944-1945, s 183; Cross, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 127.
259 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive, p. 299.
260 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 373.
261 Ridgway and Martin, Soldier: the memoirs of Matthew B. Ridgway, p. 120.
262 Ibid.
263 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 158.
264 Cole, p. 408.
265 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters, 28th Infantry Division, APO 28, U. p. Army, Office of the A C of S, G-1, 4 January 1945. After action report, Unit Report No. 6. From: 010001 Dec 1944 To: 312400 Dec 1944. Hq., 28th Inf Div., 15 January 1945, In The Field. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 28th Infantry Division, Operational Reports, Box 8479.
266 Guderian, p. 355.
267 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv, RH 24-58; Guderian, p. 354.
268 McManus, Alamo in the Ardennes, ss. 161-162.
269 Cole, p. 309.
270 Guderian, p. 357.
271 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 27/116: IIa-Akten 116. Pz.Div.; Guderian, p. 358.
272 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 127.
273 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 11.
274 Schrijvers, p. 129.
275 Cole, p. 309.
276 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report 52nd Armd Inf Bn. 9th Armored Division 20 Oct 44 thru 8 May 45. AAR 425-U.
277 Ibid.
278 Schrijvers, p. 135.
279 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 24/58: Kriegstagebuch LVIII. Panzerkorps; Guderian, p. 360; von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 11.
280 National Archives and Records Administration: 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview with Major J.W. Medusky, S-3, 508th Parachute Regiment, 15 February 1945.
281 National Archives and Records Administration: Journal of the 7th Armored Division’s Division Trains. Box 15723 (7th Armored Division 607-TR-0.7), Record Group 407 (Adjutant General’s Office).
282 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 24/58: Kriegstagebuch LVIII. Panzerkorps; Guderian, p. 358.
283 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 403/23 West.
284 Ibid..
285 Koskimaki, The Battered Bastards of Bastogne, p. 116.
286 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 14.
287 National Archives, Kew: War Diary 3 Royal Tank Regiment, 22 December 1944.
288 Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 155.
289 Cooper, Death Traps: The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 105.
290 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 13.
291 Ibid., p. 14.
292 Cole, p. 358.
293 National Archives and Records Administration: Journal of the 7th Armored Divisions Division Trains. Box 15723 (7th Armored Division 607-TR-0.7), Record Group 407 (Adjutant General’s Office).
294 National Archives and Records Administration: After action report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
295 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, RH 24/58, Kriegstagebuch LVIII. Panzerkorps; Guderian, p. 365.
296 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 18.
297 Dressler et al, Armor Under Adverse Conditions: 2nd and 3rd Armored Divisions in the Ardennes Campaign 16 December 1944 to 16 January 1945, p. 24.
298 Tagesmeldung 5. Panzer-Armee vom 22.12. 1944; Quarrie, The Ardennes Offensive: V Panzerarmee: Central Sector, p. 69.
299 Strauss, p. 182.
300 Price, Troy H. Middleton: A Biography, p. 231.
301 Koskimaki, p. 82.
302 Ibid.
303 Strauss, p. 182.
304 MacDonald, p. 491.
305 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945, p. 5.
306 MacDonald, p. 500; Cross, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 145.
307 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 189.
308 Price, Troy H. Middleton: A Biography, p. 248.
309 Kokott, B-040, p. 71.
310 Cole, p. 458.
311 OB. West Ia Nr. 12126/44 g.Kdos. vom 20.12 1944.
312 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 189.
313 MacDonald, p. 501.
314 Koskimaki, p. 181.
315 Toland, p. 166.
316 Strauss, p. 10.
317 Kokott, B-040, p. 28.
318 Ibid., p. 51.
319 von Manteuffel, Fifth Pz Army (11 Sep 44 -Jan 45). ETHINT-46, p. 9.
320 Kokott, B-040, p. 71.
321 Weaver, Guard Wars: The 28th Infantry Division in World War II, p. 228.
322 Kokott, B-040, p. 99.
323 Bayerlein, A-942, p. 8; Cole, p. 325.
324 Kokott, B-040, p. 76.
325 Nobécourt, p. 232.
326 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945. A-939, p. 12.
327 Semmler, SS-Flak: Memoirs of SS-Sturmmann Helmut Semmler, SS-Flak-Abteilung 9, 9 SS-Panzer-Division Hohenstaufen, Ardennes, 1944-45, p. 7.
328 Bowen John D. (red.) ”A German Diary of Lt Behmen, OC 2 Troop, 1818 Artillery Regt, 18 VG Div”. WW II Musings, Volume 3, Issue 3, June 1995.
329 von Luettwitz, A-939, p. 11.
330 Weiz, 2. Pz.Div. vom 21.12-26.12.44 in der Ardenneroffensive (Vorstoss auf Dinant). B-456, p. 1.
331 Strauss, p. 183.
332 Ibid.
333 Blunt, Foot Soldier, p. 107.
334 Weiz, B-456, p. 2.
335 G-3 Supplement Official Record of Combat by Major Murray H. Fowler, Information and Education Officer of the 3rd Armored Division, i boken Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitaliserad till Internet av Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. http://www.3ad.com/. 21 juli 2010.
336 Elstob, p. 282.
337 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/634. CX/MSS/T 720/21. HP 9982 West; Bennett, Ultra in the West, p. 212.
Notes to Chapter 5
1 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume I: The Germans, p. 190.
2 von Gersdorff, Evaluation and Equipment of the Units Attached to Seventh Army during the Ardennes Offensive. A-932, p. 1.
3 Hatfield, Rudder: From Leader to Legend, p. 218.
4 Ibid., pp. 218 and 225.
5 Ibid., pp. 218 and 225.
6 Heilmann, Ardennen-Offensive. 5. Fallschirmjäger-Division. B-023, p. 3.
7 Ibid.
8 Ibid., p. 22.
9 Gaul, p. 201.
10 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 149.
11 Gaul, p. 210.
12 von Gersdorff, A-932, p. 2.
13 National Archives and Records Administration: 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division Unit Report No. 6, From: 0001 1 December 1944 To: 2400 31 December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the US Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division, Unit Reports, October-December 1944, Box 8593.
14 von Gersdorff, A-932, p. 2.
15 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 60th Armd Inf. Battalion 9th Armored Division Oct 44 thru March 45. AAR # 361-U.
16 von Gersdorff, A-932. A-930, p. 3.
17 Sensfuss, 212th Volksgrenadier Division (Ardennes). A-930, p. 3.
18 Ibid., p. 4.
19 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 70th Tank Bn. Nov-Dec 1944.
20 Sensfuss, A-930, p. 6.
21 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 516.
22 von Gersdorff, A-932, p. 2.
23 National Archives and Records Administration: 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division Unit Report No. 6, From: 0001 1 December 1944 To: 2400 31 December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the US Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division, Unit Reports, October-December 1944, Box 8593.
24 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume II: The Americans, p. 88.
25 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 358.
26 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 136.
27 Sensfuss, A-930, p. 6.
28 von Gersdorff, A-932, p. 1.
29 Hatfield, p. 229.
30 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 225.
31 MacDonald, p. 303.
32 John C. McManus,”Battle of the Bulge: 687th Field Artillery Battalion’s Stand at the Crossroads Cafe”. World War II, March 2007.
33 Ibid.
34 Ibid.
35 Heilmann, B-023, p. 29.
36 The 28th Infantry Division Association. 28th Infantry (Keystone) Division (Mechanized), p. 124.
37 Benedict B. Kimmelman, ”The Example of Private Slovik”. American Heritage Magazine, Vol. 38, Issue 6. September/ October 1987.
38 Glass, The Deserters: A Hidden History of World War II, p. xi.
39 Major Goswin Wahl in Gaul, Vol. I, p. 190.
40 Heilmann, B-023, p. 31.
41 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters, 28th Infantry Division, APO 28, U. p. Army, Office of the A C of S, G-1, 4 January 1945. After Action Report, Unit Report No. 6. From: 010001 Dec 1944 To: 312400 Dec 1944. Hq., 28th Inf Div., 15 January 1945, In The Field. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 28th Infantry Division, Operational Reports, Box 8479.
42 National Archives and Records Administration: 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division Unit Report No. 6, From: 0001 1 December 1944 To: 2400 31 December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the USArmy Adjutant General, World War II Records, 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division, Unit Reports, October-December 1944, Box 8593.
43 Weaver, Guard Wars: The 28th Infantry Division in World War II, p. 240.
44 Brandenberger, Ardennes Offensive of Seventh Army (16 Dec 1944-25 Jan 1945). A-876, ss. 30 and 65; Heilmann, B-023, p. 33.
45 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/635. CX/MSS/T 406/7. West; Bodenstein, LIII Corps (1 Dec 1944 - 22 Jan 1945), p. 3.
46 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944—February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind— Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4B, p. 88.
Notes to Chapter 6
1 Kokott, 26th Volks Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. Battle of Bastogne Part I. B-040, p. 86.
2 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 47.
3 Nobécourt, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 191.
4 Ibid., p. 182.
5 Messenger, Hitler’s Gladiator, p. 2.
6 Eisenhower, The Bitter Woods, p. 128.
7 von der Heydte, An Interview with ObstLt von der Heydte: German Paratroops in the Ardennes. ETHINT-75, p. 2.
8 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4C, p. 14.
9 Ibid., p. 77.
10 Ibid., p. 15.
11 Ibid., p. 79.
12 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 472.
13 Ibid.
14 Dugdale, p. 37.
15 Dietrich, Sixth Panzer Army, Ardennes. ETHINT-015, p. 2.
16 Ibid., p. 26.
17 Kokott, B-040, p. 86.
18 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 236.
19 Ibid., p. 238.
20 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 163.
21 Wijers, The Battle of the Bulge. Volume One: The Losheim Gap, p. 43.
22 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 82.
23 MacDonald, p. 163.
24 Kaschner, 326. Volksgrenadier-Division. Ardennes (16 Dec - 25 Jan 45). B-092, p. 4.
25 MacDonald, p. 166.
26 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report. 801st Tank Dest. Battalion. Jun 44 thru Feb 45, Apr 45. AAR # 581 U.
27 Viebig, 277th Volks Grenadier Division, November 1944-January 1945. B-273, p. 6.
28 Engel, The 12th Infantry Division in the Battle of Aachen (16 November to 3 December 1944). B-764, p. 34.
29 Dietrich, ETHINT-015, p. 3.
30 Kershaw, The Longest Winter: The Battle of the Bulge and the Epic Story of World War II’s Most Decorated Platoon, p. 122.
31 Wijers, p. 68.
32 Priess, Ardennen: Einsatz des I. SS-Panzerkorps waehrend der Ardennen-Offensive Dezember - Januar 1944 - 1945. A-877, p. 28.
33 Cole, p. 85.
34 Priess, A-877, p. 29.
35 Viebig, B-273, p. 9.
36 Fieger, 989th Grenadier Regiment (14 Dec 44 - 17 Dec 44). B-025, p. 6.
37 Viebig, B-273, pp. 11-12.
38 Fieger, B-025, p. 7.
39 MacDonald, p. 179.
40 Ibid., p. 180.
41 Ibid., p. 181.
42 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 14.
43 Cuppens, Was wirklich geschah, p. 34.
44 MacDonald, p. 183.
45 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 51.
46 Ibid., p. 52.
47 Via Hans Wijers.
48 Peiper, An Interview with Obst Joachim Peiper: 1st SS Pz Regt (11-24 Dec 1944). ETHINT-10, p. 15.
49 Nobécourt, p. 186.
50 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/633. CX/MSS/T 402/22. HP 9755 West.
51 Viebig, B-273, p. 12.
52 Karl Wortmann, Battle Report. www.oldhickory30th.com/Stoumont44.pdf.
53 Smart, Terror at Honsfeld: The Story of Company ‘B’ 612th Tank Destroyer Battalion, p. 6.
54 Ibid.
55 Agte, Jochen Peiper: Commander Panzerregiment Leibstandarte, p. 480.
56 Smart, p. 7.
57 Ibid., pp. 8-9.
58 Cole, p. 261, med hanvisning till 81st Cong., 1st sess., Report of the Subcommittee on Armed Services, United States Senate, Malmedy Massacre Investigation (dated 13 October 1949). Cf., Records of the War Crimes Branch, USFET, 1946.
59 Tiemann, p. 59.
60 Cole, p. 261, med hänvisning till 81st Cong., 1st sess., Report of the Subcommittee on Armed Services, United States Senate, Malmedy Massacre Investigation (dated 13 October 1949). Cf., Records of the War Crimes Branch, USFET, 1946.
61 MacDonald, p. 209.
62 Schrijvers, p. 35.
63 Tiemann, p. 60.
64 Cross, From the Beaches to the Baltic: The Story of the 7th Armored Division in WWII, pp. 77-78.
65 Toland, Battle: The Story of the Bulge, p. 58.
66 MacDonald, p. 327.
67 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 17.
68 Schrijvers, p. 35.
69 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
70 Tiemann, p. 63.
71 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 17.
72 National Archives and Records Administration: 14th Tank Battalion Combat History.
73 Toland, pp. 64-65.
74 Tiemann, p. 71.
75 Lloyd Jelleberg, interview by the Author.
76 National Archives and Records Administration: 526th Armored Infantry Battalion, After Action Report, 1-31 December 1944.
77 Priess, Ardennen: Einsatz des I. SS-Panzerkorps waehrend der Ardennen-Offensive Dezember - Januar 1944 - 1945. A-877, p.30.
78 Kraas, Die 12.SS-Panzer-Division “Hitler Jugend” in der Ardennen-Offensive, FMS # 23, p. 4.
79 Ibid., p. 5.
80 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 79.
81 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/633. CX/MSS/T 401/16. HP 6448 West.
82 MacDonald, p. 382.
83 Priess, A-877, p. 31.
84 Cole, p. 396.
85 Bericht des Kameraden Heinz Stork über die Ardennen-Offensive.
86 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 87.
87 National Archives and Records Administration: Unit Journal, 741st Tank Bn, I Dec 44-31 Dec 44. RG407, Box 16703, ARBN-741-0.1.
88 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 87., pp. 87-88.
89 Meyer, The 12th SS, p. 280.
90 Schrijvers, p. 18.
91 Smith, Meacham, and Hiller, Vitamin Charley: A History of CO. C, 741st Tank Battalion in World War II, p. 45.
92 OKW/WFSt/Op (H) West Nr 774427 g.Kdos.Chefs. 18. 12. 1944; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 151.
93 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 73.
94 Zaloga, Battle of the Ardennes (1): Sankt Vith and the Northern Shoulder, p. 44.
95 Dugdale, p. 83.
96 Meyer, The 12th SS, p. 282.
97 Reynolds, Men of Steel, p. 87.
98 Denkert, Commitment of 3d Panzer Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. A-978, pp. 1-2.
99 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 94.
100 Nyquist, Bataljon 99, pp. 141-142.
101 Lloyd Jelleberg, interview by the Author.
102 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 20.
103 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 182.
104 Collins and King, Voices of the Bulge, p. 40.
105 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 182.
106 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 226.
107 Peiper, An Interview with Obst Joachim Peiper: 1st SS Pz Regt (16-19 Dec 1944. ETHINT-11, p. 8.
108 Ibid., p. 5.
109 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 23.
110 Peiper, ETHINT-11, p. 8.
111 Tiemann, Chronicle of the 7. Panzer-Kompanie, 1. SS-Panzer Division ”Leibstandarte”, p. 117.
112 National Archives and Records Administration: 526th Armored Infantry Battalion, After Action Report, 1-31 December 1944.
113 Pergrin and Hammel, First Across the Rhine: The Story of the 291st Engineer Combat Battalion, p. 126.
114 William C. Baldwin, ”Builders & Fighters - U.S. Army Engineers in World War II”. Engineer Pamphlet 870-1-42, 18 Dec 92, p. 455. 140.194.76.129/publications/eng-pamphlets/EP_870-1-42_pfl/c-7-4.pdf. 22 Nov 2012.
115 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 20.
116 Barnes, Crump, and Sutherland, Thunderbolts of the Hell Hawks: 365th Fighter-Bomber Group in Words, Pictures and Illustrations, p. 109.
117 Haasler, MacDougall, Vosters, and Weber. Duel in the Mist: The Leibstandarte during the Ardennes offensive, Volume 2, p. 110.
118 Dorr and Jones, Hell Hawks! The Untold Story of the American Fliers Who Savaged Hitler’s Wehrmacht, p. 163.
119 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 185.
120 Reynolds, p. 80.
121 Dorr and Jones, p. 164.
122 Ibid., p. 165.
123 Ibid.
124 Rust, The 9th Air Force in World War II, p. 132.
125 Karl Wortmann. Battle Report. www.oldhickory30th.com/Stoumont44.pdf.
126 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 20.
127 Turnbull, “I Maintain the Right”: The 307th Airborne Engineer Battalion in WW II, paginering saknas (Kindle-version).
128 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 88.
129 Agte, p. 486.
130 de Meyer, Haasler, MacDougall, Vosters, and Weber, Duel in the Mist: The Leibstandarte during the Ardennes offensive, Volume 1, p. 31.
131 Cole, p. 340.
132 National Archives and Records Administration: 823rd Tank Destr. Bn. After Battle Report No. VII. From 010001 December 44 To 312400 December 44.
133 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Journal 3rd Bn., 119th Infantry. APO 30, U.S. Army.
134 Cole, p. 338.
135 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 21.
136 Mitcham, p. 87.
137 de Meyer, Haasler, MacDougall, Vosters, and Weber, pp. 175ff.
138 Vannoy and Karamales, Against the Panzers, p. 284.
139 National Archives and Records Administration: 634th Tank Destroyer Battalion After Action Report December 1944. AAR 290. Headquarters 745th Tank Battalion A.P.O. 250.
140 Vannoy and Karamales, p. 286.
141 Cole, p. 132.
142 Meyer, p. 300.
143 Bericht des Kameraden Karl Hollander über die Ardennen-Offensive. Via Mirko Bayerl.
144 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 98.
145 Ibid., pp. 98-99.
146 Wijers, Battle of the Bulge, Volume Two, pp. 90-92.
147 Ibid., p. 94.
148 MacDonald, p. 407.
149 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, pp. 473 and 475.
150 Dugdale, p. 83.
151 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 102.
152 Wijers, Battle of the Bulge, Volume Two, p. 279.
153 Lloyd Jelleberg, interview by the Author.
154 Lloyd Jelleberg, interview by the Author.
155 Giles, The Damned Engineers, p. 311.
156 Lloyd Jelleberg, interview by the Author.
157 Giles, The Damned Engineers, p. 304.
158 U.S. Army Center of Military History. Medal of Honor Recipients: World War II. www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-a-f.html. 18 May 2012.
159 Wijers, Battle of the Bulge, Volume Two, p. 293.
160 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T400/20. HP 9926 West.
161 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, Band V, p. 361.
162 Ibid.
163 Weidinger and Schmager, Kameraden bis zum Ende: das SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 4 “DF” 1938 bis 1945, p. 358.
164 Haasler, MacDougall, Vosters, and Weber, p. 11.
165 Ibid., pp. 86-87.
166 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 400/20. HP 9926 West; Bennett, Ultra in the West, p. 213.
167 Haasler, MacDougall, Vosters, and Weber, p. 102.
168 Schrijvers, p. 55.
169 Haasler, MacDougall, Vosters, and Weber, p. 141.
170 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview Colonel Reuben Tucker, CO 504th Paratroop Regiment, 28 March 1945. GL-458.
171 National Archives and Records Administration: 1st Bn, 504th Parachute Infantry Regt, 82nd A/B Division: Combat Interview Technical Sergeant George W. Corporan.
172 Rivet and Sevenans, La bataille des Ardennes: Les civils dans la guerre, pp. 60-61, quoted in Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 52.
173 Megellas, All the Way to Berlin, p. 223.
174 National Archives and Records Administration: 1st Bn, 504th Parachute Infantry Regt, 82nd A/B Division: Combat Interview Technical Sergeant George W. Corporan.
175 Ibid.
176 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters 703rd Tank Destroyer Basttalion. After Action Report, December 20, 1944 - January 1, 1945. APO 230.
177 National Archives and Records Administration: 2d Bn,505 Prcht Inf. Combat Interview Major William Carpenter, CO, Captain Charles E. Sammon (S-3), 27 Mar 45.
178 ”December 21, 1944, Trois-Ponts, Belgium” by Corporal Gordon A. Walberg, A Btry, 80th A.A.A. Bn, 82nd Airborne Division. Salmvalley 1944-1945. salmvalley1944-1945.over-blog.com/10-index.html. 21 July 2012.
179 John M. Nolan, interview by the Author.
180 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/635. CX/MSS/T 406/33. West.
181 Tiemann, Chronicle of the 7. Panzer-Kompanie, 1. SS-Panzer Division ”Leibstandarte”, p. 122.
182 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/635. CX/MSS/T 406/37. West.
183 Schrijvers, p. 60.
184 MacDonald, p. 459.
185 Agte, p. 492.
186 Reynolds, pp. 132-133.
187 Agte, p. 493.
188 Testimony Joachim Peiper on 06/21/1946 and 06/22/1946. NA. U.S. v. Bersin, 153/3/000189-90 (1965); quoted in Westemeyer, Joachim Peiper, p. 164.
189 Peiper, ETHINT-10, p. 23.
190 John M. Nolan, interview by the Author.
191 ”The Battle of Stoumont - La Gleize, December 17th thru 25th 1944” av First Lieutenant Donald J. Strand. www.criba.be/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=346&Itemid=4. 5 June 2012.
192 Dugdale, p. 37.
193 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble.
Notes to Chapter 7
1 Heilmann, Ardennen-Offensive. 5. Fallschirmjäger-Division. B-023, p. 33.
2 OB. West Ia Nr. 12301/44 g.Kdos. 24.12.1944.
3 Kriegstagebuch OKW West, 23 December 1944.
4 Ibid.
5 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/635. CX/MSS/T 406/68. West.
6 Kokott, 26th Volks Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. Battle of Bastogne Part I. B-040, p. 97.
7 Blumenson, Patton Papers, 1940-1945, p. 606.
8 Craven, and Cate, Army Air Forces in World War II. Europe: Argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945, p. 690.
9 Zanssen, 15th Volks Werfer Brigade (16 Dec 1944 - 25 Jan 1945). B-286, pp. 3-4.
10 Sylvan, and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 231.
11 National Archives and Records Administration: III Corps After Action Report December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944, Box 2735.
12 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen.
13 Kokott, B-040, p. 129.
14 Clostermann, The Big Show, pp. 211ff..
15 Sledzik, Memoirs of a World War II Fighter Pilot, p. 23.
16 Ibid.
17 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 407/70 West.
18 12th AG, Recommendations and Air Requests for 18-19 Dec. 1944; Craven, and Cate, Army Air Forces in World War II. Europe: Argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945, p. 690.
19 Craven and Cate, p. 690.
20 Clyde Harkins, ”23 December 1944 Battle of the Bulge”. B26. com http://www.b26.com/index.html. 15 Nov 2010.
21 War Department. War Department Field Manual FM 100-20: Command and Employment of Air Power. 21 July 1943. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1944.
22 Clyde Harkins.
23 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters Ninth Air Force, General Orders Number 140. APO 696, US Army, 23 July 1945.
24 Freeman, Mighty Eighth War Diary, p. 398.
25 Craven and Cate, p. 690.
26 Prien, and Rodeike, Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11, p. 1367.
27 Lloyd Jelleberg i intervju med forfattaren.
28 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 465.
29 Prien, and Rodeike, Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11, p. 1360.
30 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/637. CX/MSS/T 409/51. BT 373 West; Luftwaffe loss list. Matti Salonen.
31 Luftwaffe loss list. Matti Salonen.
32 Prien, Jagdgeschwader 77, p. 2225.
33 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/637. CX/MSS/T 409/35. BT 360 West.
34 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports, Third US Army, 1 August 1944 - 9 May 1945: December Operations. N-11480-A-4, p. 180.
35 von Rundstedt, The Ardennes Offensive. ETHINT-47, p. 8.
36 Prien, and Rodeike, p. 1380.
37 Ibid., p. 1377.
38 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/638. CX/MSS/T 411/2. BT 467 West.
39 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/639. CX/MSS/T 437/27. BT 454 West.
40 Prien, and Rodeike, p. 1386.
41 Prien, and Stemmer, Messerschmitt Bf 109 im Einsatz bei derIII. /Jagdgeschwader 3, p. 395.
42 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
43 Tieke, Im Feuersturm letzter Kriegsjahre: II. SS-Panzerkorps mit 9. und 10. SS-Division ”Hohenstaufen” und ”Fundsberg”, p. 426.
44 Remer, The Fuehrer-Begleit-Brigade (The Brigade under the command of Remer) in the Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 to 26 Jan 45). B-592, p. 14.
45 Ibid., p. 15.
46 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron Mechanized. After Action Report, Month of December, 1944.
47 Remer, B-592, p. 15.
48 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron Mechanized. After Action Report, Month of December, 1944.
49 Remer, B-592, p. 15.
50 Ibid., p. 16.
51 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
52 National Archives and Records Administration: 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview with Major J.W. Medusky, S-3, 508th Parachute Regiment, 15 February 1945.
53 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview with Lt Col Luis G. Mendez, Jr, CO, 3rd Bn, 508th Parachute Infantry, 1st Lt John T. Little, S-2,3rd Bn, 508th Parachute Infantry, 28 March 1945.
54 Remer, B-592, p. 16.
55 Weaver, Guard Wars: The 28th Infantry Division in World War II, p. 236.
56 Ibid.
57 National Archives and Records Administration: History of Headquarters Company, 112th Infantry, December 1944 by James T. Nesbitt, File 328-INF (112).
58 Ridgway, and Martin, Soldier: the memoirs of Matthew B.Ridgway, p. 115.
59 Cooper, Death Traps: The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 105.
60 National Archives and Records Administration: Lt Col Charles W Major, CO 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, Capt Herbert L. Little, S-3, 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, 25 March 1945.
61 National Archives and Records Administration: 325th Glider Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview Colonel George Billingslea, C.O., 24 March 1945.
62 National Archives and Records Administration: Morning Reports of ”D” Troop, 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
63 Weidinger, Einsatz in der Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 bis 17.2.1945 der SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiments 4. P-109b, p. 11.
64 National Archives and Records Administration: 325th Glider Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview Colonel George Billingslea, C.O., 24 March 1945.
65 National Archives and Records Administration: Morning Reports of ”D” Troop, 87th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
66 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, p. 367.
67 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview Lt Col Charles W Major, CO 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, Capt Herbert L. Little, S-3, 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, 25 March 1945.
68 National Archives and Records Administration: 325th Glider Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview Colonel George Billingslea, C.O., 24 March 1945.
69 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 228.
70 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 548.
71 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, p. 370.
72 Hechler, Holding the Line: The 51st Engineer Combat Battalion and the Battle of the Bulge December 1944-January 1945, p. 41.
73 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 379.
74 von Waldenburg, Commitment of the 116th Panzer-Divisionin the Ardennes. Chapter II Dec 20 - Dec 26,1944. A-873, p. 20.
75 Ibid., p. 21.
76 Cole, p. 384.
77 Ibid., p. 386.
78 MacDonald, p. 554.
79 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T407/71. BT 208 West.
80 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 186.
81 Tieke, p. 427.
82 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports of the 40th Tank Battalion (7th Armored Division) August 1944 - June 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
83 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview, Lt Col Charles W Major, CO 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, Capt Herbert L. Little, S-3, 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, 25 March 1945.
84 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/637. CX/MSS/T405/28. BT 335 West.
85 Weidinger, Einsatz in der Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 bis 17.2.1945 der SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiments 4. P-109b, p. 12.
86 Thoholte, Army Group В Artillery, Ardennes. B-311, p. 9.
87 Dressier et al, Armor Under Adverse Conditions: 2nd and 3rd Armored Divisions in the Ardennes Campaign 16 December 1944 to 16 January 1945, p. 13.
88 Fey, Armor Battles of the Waffen-SS 1943-45, p. 199.
89 Ibid., pp. 200-201.
90 Ibid., p. 202.
91 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 263.
92 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 173.
93 Lt Col Olin F. Brewster, ”What Really Happened, Belle-Haie, Belgium, December 1944”. Battle of the Bulge Memories. http://www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/us-army/563-what-really-happened-belle-haie-belgium.html. 12July 2012.
94 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, p. 370.
95 MacDonald, p. 553.
96 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, p. 375.
97 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports of the 40th Tank Battalion (7th Armored Division) August 1944 - June 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
98 Delaforce, p. 175.
99 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports of the 40th Tank Battalion (7th Armored Division) August 1944 - June 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
100 Fey, p. 204.
101 Via Stephen Thompson.
102 U.S. Army Armored School. Narrative of the Action of Combat Command ”B”, 9th Armored Division, during the period, 16 through 23 December 1944.
103 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview with CO 40th Tk Bn. Lt. Col. John C. Brown, Manhay, 11 January 45. Adjutant General’s Records (Record Group 407), Folder 287, Box 24097.
104 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, p. 380.
105 Toland, Battle: The Story of the Bidge, p. 251.
106 Ibid.
107 Wisliceny, Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 - 20.1.1945: SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 3 ”Deutschland“. FMS #20, p. 8.
108 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports of the 40th Tank Battalion (7th Armored Division)August 1944 - June 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
109 Ibid.
110 Wisliceny, FMS # 20, p. 8.
111 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 257.
112 ”What Really Happened, Belle-Flaie, Belgium, December1944”, av Lt Col Olin F. Brewster. Battle of the Bulge Memories, www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/us-army/563-what-really-happened-belle-haie-belgium.html. 12July 2012.
113 National Archives and Records Administration: 509 Para Inf. GL-192.
114 Lt Col Olin F. Brewster, ”What Really Flappened, Belle-Haie, Belgium, December 1944”. Battle of the Bulge Memories.www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/us-army/563-what-really-happened-belle-haie-belgium.html. 12 July 2012.
115 Ibid.
116 Cole, p. 583.
117 LoFaro, The Sword of St. Michael: The 82nd Airborne Division in World War II, p. 471.
118 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 287.
119 Herington, Australia in the War of 1939-1945, Series Three - Air, Volume IV: Air Power Over Europe, 1944-1945, p. 388.
120 Bowen John D. (red.) ”A German Diary of Lt Behmen, OC 2 Troop, 1818 Artillery Regt, 18 VG Div”. WW II Musings. Volume 3, Issue 3, June 1995. www.battleolfhebulge.org/musings/Mus0695.pdf.
121 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 284.
122 Ibid., p. 290.
123 Kraemer, Sixth Panzer Army in the Ardennes. ETHINT-022, p. 1.
124 Ibid.
125 Triepel, LVIII Panzer Corps. Ardennes Offensive, 1 November 1944 to 1 February 1945. B-506, p. 5.
126 von Waldenburg, A-873, p. 23.
127 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 245.
128 Kriegstagebuch II./Pz.Rgt. 16; Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahrim Westen Die Geschichte der 116. Panzer-Division - Windhund-Division - 1944-1945, p. 378.
129 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 771st Tank Battalion Nov thru Dec 44, Jan 45. AAR# 594U.
130 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4B, p. 100.
131 von Manteulfel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). Foreign Military Study B-151A, p. 156.
132 Remer, Fuehrer Begleit Brigade In the Ardennes. ETHINT-80, p. 9.
133 Railsplitters: The Story of the 84th Infantry Division.
134 Guderian, p. 380.
135 von Waldenburg, Commitment of the 116th Panzer-Division in the Ardennes. Part III 27 Dec 44 - 27 Jan 45. A-874, p. 2.
136 Ibid., p. 1.
137 Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv RH 24/58, Kriegstagebuch LVIII. Panzer-Korps, Meldung 116. Pz.Div., Abt. Ia, Nr. 1101/44 g.Kdos. vom 29.12. 1944; Guderian, p. 383.
138 Ibid.
139 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4B, p. 24.
140 von Waldenburg, A-874, p. 6.
141 Ibid., pp. 2-3.
142 Ibid., p. 4.
143 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3, p. 380.
144 Zaloga, Panther Vs. Sherman, p. 73.
145 ”Rest, Refit, & Move Out”, і kapitlet ”Battle of the Bulge December 18,1944 - Late January, 1945” in Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized byStaff,3rd Armored Division History Website, www.3ad.com/ 21 July 2010.
146 Stridsvagnsstyrka enligt Richard C. Anderson Jr., historian and analyst working for the U.S. Government; personell styrka enligt Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 464.
147 Bressler, 2d Armored Division in the Ardennes, p. 1.
148 National Archives, Kew: War Diary 3 Royal Tank Regiment, 22 December 1944.
149 Baxter, Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1887-1976: A Selected Bibliography, p. 107; Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G, p. 310.
150 National Archives, Kew: War Diary 3 Royal Tank Regiment, 22 December 1944.
151 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 225.
152 Weiz, 2. Pz.Div. vom 21.12-26.12.44 in der Ardenneroffensive (Vorstoss auf Dinant). B-456, p. 2.
153 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 635th T.D. Battalion (Towed) June 44 thru May 45. AAR# 612 U.
154 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 407/14. BT 171 West.
155 Orfalea, Messengers of the Lost Battalion: The Heroic 551st and the Turning of the Tide at the Battle of the Bulge, p. 200.
156 Ibid., p. 201.
157 Weiz, B-456, p. 2.
158 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 407/54. BT 199 West; Weiz, Weiz, B-456, p. 2.
159 MacDonald, p. 567.
160 Weiz, B-456, pp. 2-3.
161 OB.West Ia Nr. 11343/44 geheim. 23.12.1944; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 165; National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 407/16. BT 208 West.
162 National Archives, Kew: War Diary 3 Royal Tank Regiment, 22 December 1944.
163 von Manteuffel, B-151A, pp. 92-93.
164 Jung, p. 166.
165 Project 1944. www.project1944.be/Celles/Page3/Celles3.html.
166 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 86.
167 Cole, p. 441.
168 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945. A-939, p. 16.
169 KTB OB. West, 23.12. 1944; Jung, p. 167.
170 Jung, p. 168.
171 Weiz, B-456, p. 7.
172 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 262.
173 von Luettwitz, A-939, p. 17.
174 Jung, p. 171.
175 Liddell Hart, På andra sidan kullen, p. 342.
176 Ibid.
177 OB.H.Gru.B Ia Nr. 11637/44 g.Kdos. 25.12. 1944: Jung, p. 172.
178 Jung, p. 172.
179 Bressler, 2d Armored Division in the Ardennes, p. 4.
180 von Luettwitz, A-939, p. 17.
181 Weiz, B-456, p. 8.
182 Ibid., p. 9.
183 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 294.
184 von Manteufiel, B-151A, p. 87.
185 Dressler et al, Armor Under Adverse Conditions: 2nd and 3rd Armored Divisions in the Ardennes Campaign 16 December 1944 to 16 January 1945, p. 49.
186 Strauss, Die Geschichte der 2. (Wiener) Panzer-Division, p. 185.
187 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 259.
188 KTB OB West 26. 12 1944; Jung, p. 175.
189 Liddell Hart, p. 343.
190 KTB OB. West, 26. 12. 1944; Jung, p. 173.
191 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports, Third US Army, 1 August 1944 - 9 May 1945: December Operations. N-11480-A-4, p. 181.
192 von Luettwitz, A-939, p. 19.
193 von Manteufiel, B-151A, p. 88.
194 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/639. CX/MSS/T 437/27. BT 454 West.
195 von Luettwitz, A-939, p. 20.
196 Dressier et al, p. 46.
197 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive, p. 336.
198 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4A, p. 39.
199 OB. West Ia Nr. 12626/44 g.Kdos. 1.1. 1945; Jung, p. 185.
200 OB. West I1 Nr. 12470/44 g.Kdos. vom 28.12. 1944; Jung, p.
201 Jentz, Germany’s Panther Tank: The Quest for Combat Supremacy, p. 153.
202 Dugdale, Volume I, Part 4A, p. 9.
203 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 473.
Notes to Chapter 8
1 Garand, U.S. Army Medical Units during the German Counteroffensive in the Ardennes (16 December 1944 - 23 January 1945), p. XI-53.
2 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 475.
3 Ibid.
4 Kokott, 26th Volks Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. Battle of Bastogne Part I, B-040, p. 127.
5 Bayerlein, Commitment of Pz Lehr in the first Days of Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 - 21 Dec 44). Foreign Military Study A-942, p. 7.
6 MacDonald, A Time for Trumpets, p. 501.
7 Veterans of the Battle of Bulge, Battle of the Bulge, p. 23.
8 MacDonald, p. 503.
9 Price, Troy H. Middleton: A Biography, p. 248.
10 John Fague, e-mail till forfattaren, 30 Nov. 2012.
11 Kokott, B-040, p. 128.
12 Ibid., p. 128.
13 Nobécourt, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 236.
14 Kokott, B-040, p. 128.
15 Quarrie, The Ardennes Offensive: V Panzerarmee: Central Sector, p. 42.
16 Wegerski, 514th Fighter Squadron, The Raider Squadron.
17 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 261.
18 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 474.
19 Parker, p. 228.
20 Robert M. Bowen, “Gloomy Christmas”. Centre de Recherches et d’Informations sur la Bataille des Ardennes. http://www.criba.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=468:gloomy-christmas&catid=1:battle-of-the-bulge-us-army&Itemid=6.
21 MacDonald, p. 525.
22 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 153.
23 Kokott, B-040, p. 151.
24 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports, Third US Army, 1 August 1944 - 9 May 1945: December Operations. N-11480-A-4, p. 181.
25 Summers, Armor at Bastogne, p. 79.
26 Kokott, B-040, p. 154.
27 Ibid., p. 159.
28 Ibid., p. 160.
29 Ibid., p. 165.
30 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen-Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). Foreign Military Study B-151A, p. 97.
31 Eisenhower, Crusade in Europe, p. 350.
32 Cole, p. 485.
33 Eisenhower, p. 350.
34 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 28.
35 MacDonald, p. 515.
36 Ibid.
37 National Archives and Records Administration: Headquarters, 28th Infantry Division, APO 28, U. p. Army, Office of the A C of S, G-1, 4 January 1945. After Action Report, Unit Report No. 6. From: 010001 Dec 1944 To: 312400 Dec 1944. Hq., 28th Inf Div., 15 January 1945. In The Field. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 28th Infantry Division, Operational Reports, Box 8479.
38 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports, Third US Army, 1 August 1944 - 9 May 1945: December Operations. N-11480-A-4, p. 172.
39 Ibid. 145 och 196.
40 Blumenson, Patton Papers, 1940-1945, p. 604.
41 Ibid.
42 Bodenstein, LIII Corps (1 Dec 1944 - 22 Jan 1945). B-032, 1.
43 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4B, p. 88.
44 MacDonald, p. 519.
45 Eisenhower, p. 352.
46 Heilmann, Ardennen-Offensive. 5. Fallschirmjäger-Division. B-023, p. 32.
47 Ibid. 32-33.
48 Cole, p. 525.
49 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/635. CX/MSS/T 402/56. West.
50 Summers, p. 116.
51 Fox, Patton’s Vanguard: The United States Army Fourth Armored Division., p. 343.
52 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 290.
53 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 707th Tank Bn. Nov-Dec 1944.
54 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume I: The Germans, p. 148.
55 National Archives and Records Administration: 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division Unit Report No. 6 From: 0001 1 December 1944 To: 2400 31 December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the US Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division, Unit Reports, October-December 1944, Box 8593.
56 Beeson, The Operations of Company D, 104th Infantry (26th Infantry Division) in the Attack from Bettborn to Buschrodt, Luxembourg, 22-24 December 1944, p. 5.
57 Ibid.
58 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive, p. 352.
59 Beeson, p. 5.
60 Cole, p. 523.
61 Ibid., p. 521.
62 Bodenstein, B-032, p. 1.
63 Heilmann, B-023, p. 32.
64 Cole, p. 521.
65 Blumenson, p. 604.
66 Eisenhower, p. 358.
67 Cole, p. 516.
68 Fox, p. 374.
69 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 290.
70 Delaforce, p. 245.
71 National Archives and Records Administration: Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403, p. 4.
72 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 408/40. BT 257 West.
73 Kokott, B-040, p. 130.
74 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume I: The Germans, p. 59.
75 Ibid., p. 94.
76 Heilmann, B-023, p. 32.
77 National Archives and Records Administration: 37th Tank Battalion After Action Report - December 1944 w/supporting documents.
78 Cole, p. 530.
79 Fox, p. 343.
80 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/636. CX/MSS/T 408/41. BT 258 West.
81 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 51st Armd Inf. Battalion 4th Armored Division 23 Aug thru 9 May 45. AAR “79U. 842-22.
82 Cole, p. 529.
83 Fox, p. 349.
84 Delaforce, p. 239.
85 G-3 Journal, 4th Armored Division, 23 December 1944. Cit. i Summers, p. 124.
86 Schrijvers, p. 290.
87 Kokott, B-040, p. 131.
88 Ibid., p. 132.
89 John J. Di Battista, “With CC B / 4th Armored Division in the Bulge”. www.battleofthebulgememories.be/fr/stories/us-army/157-with-cc-b-4th-armored-division-in-the-bulge.html. 3 Jan. 2012.
90 U. p. Secretary of Defense, Defense Prisoner of War - Missing Personnel Office: Service Personnel Not Recovered Following WW II. www.dtic.mil/dpmo/wwii/reports/arm_m_s.htm. 27 Nov. 2012.
91 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 261.
92 Kniess, LXXXV. Armeekorps, Ardennes, 16 December 1944 to 12 January 1945. B-030, p. 6.
93 Cole, p. 541.
94 Ibid., p. 523.
95 Josef Schröder, MILK: Auch eine Wehnachtsgeschichte. homepage.mac.com/guyries/page9/page18/page38/page38.html. 28 April 2011.
96 National Archives and Records Administration: 37th Tank Battalion After Action Report - December 1944 w/ supporting documents.
97 Cole, p. 529.
98 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 51st Armd Inf. Battalion 4th Armored Division 23 Aug thru 9 May 45. AAR #79U. 842-22.
99 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 262.
100 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 51st Armd Inf. Battalion 4th Armored Division 23 Augthru 9 May 45. AAR #79U. 842-22.
101 Fox, p. 350.
102 Blumenson, p. 605.
103 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports, Third US Army, 1 August 1944 - 9 May 1945: December Operations. N-11480-A-4, p. 180.
104 Heilmann, B-023, p. 33.
105 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 266.
106 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/637. CX/MSS/T 409/35. BT 360 West.
107 Heilmann, B-023, p. 33.
108 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/633. CX/MSS/T 401/92. West.
109 National Archives and Records Administration: 37th Tank Battalion After Action Report - December 1944 w/supporting documents.
110 Summers, p. 122.
111 National Archives and Records Administration: III Corps After Action Report December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944, Box 2735.
112 Summers, p. 140.
113 Schrijvers, p. 291.
114 Kniess, B-030, p. 6.
115 Murrell, Stories of the Men of the 80th Infantry Division, p. 36.
116 MacDonald, p. 589.
117 Crosswell, Beetle: The Life of General Walter Bedell Smith, p. 822.
118 Blumenson, p. 606.
119 Ibid., p. 608.
120 Cole, p. 597.
121 Parker, p. 303.
122 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/637. CX/MSS/T 409/35. BT 360 West.
123 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 236.
124 Clarke, Combat History of the 4th Armored Division, 25 December 1944. Cit. i Summers, Armor at Bastogne, p. 139.
125 History of 811th Tank Destroyer Battalion.
126 Cole, p. 508.
127 Wissolik och Smith, Reluctant Valor: The Oral History of Captain Thomas J. Evans, United States Third Army, 4th Armored Division, 704th Tank Destroyer Battalion, pp. 30-31.
128 Ibid.
129 National Archives and Records Administration: 37th Tank Battalion After Action Report - December 1944 w/supporting documents.
130 Miles, Fighting Without Boundaries: Unleashing Initiative on the Tactical Battlefield, p. 32.
131 Kokott, B-040, p. 100.
132 Blumenson, p. 607.
133 Via Friedrich Lademann.
134 Friedrich Lademann, interview by the author.
135 von Manteuffel, B-151A, p. 98.
136 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Reports, Third US Army, 1 August 1944 - 9 May 1945: December Operations. N-11480-A-4, p. 182.
137 Stars and Stripes, 27 December 1949. www.stripes.com/mobile/news/tank-veteran-recalls-yule-dash-to-bastogne-1.26981. 17 July 2012.
138 MacDonald, p. 530.
139 Kokott, B-040, p. 171.
140 Ibid., p. 172.
141 National Archives and Records Administration. III Corps After Action Report December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944, Box 2735.
142 Kokott, B-040, p.173.
143 Zaloga och Gerrard, US Army tank crewman 1941-45: European theater of operations, 1944-45, p. 49.
144 National Archives and Records Administration: 37th Tank Battalion After Action Report - December 1944 w/supporting documents.
145 National Archives and Records Administration: U.S. Army, 101st Airborne Division, After Action Report, Belgium and France, December 1944. Chief of Staff Annex, After Action Report, Chief of Staff, 101st Abn Div., 17-27 Dec 44 #6, Box 14378, Report Files, 1941-54, RG 407.
146 Delaforce, p. 243.
147 Summers, p. 146.
148 National Archives and Records Administration: III Corps After Action Report December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944, Box 2735.
149 Remer, The Fuehrer-Begleit-Brigade (The Brigade under the command of Remer) in the Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 to 26 Jan 45). B-592, p. 19.
150 OB. West Ia Nr. 12470/g.Kdos. 28 december 1944; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 177.
151 Ripley, SS Steel Rain: Waffen-SS Panzer Battles in the West, 1944-1945, p. 200.
152 Remer, B-592, p. 20.
153 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 322.
154 Mellenthin, Panzer Battles p. 409.
155 Horst Helmus, dagbok.
156 Freeman, Mighty Eighth War Diary, pp. 406-407.
157 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/640. CX/MSS/T 416/58 West.
158 Reynolds, Men of Steel, p. 147.
159 Remer, B-592, p. 19.
160 Narrative on Glider Resupply Mission of 27 December 1944. www.the-snafu-special.com/passe/datas/repulse.pdf. 28 June 2011.
161 Remer, B-592, p. 20.
162 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945. A-939, p. 22.
163 Ibid.
164 Denkert, 3 Pz Gren Division (from 28 Dec 44 to 25 Jan 45). C-002, p. 2.
165 Horst Helmus, dagbok.
166 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive, p. 351.
167 Remer, B-592, p. 20.
168 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/639. CX/MSS/T 414/21. BT 744 West.
169 Schrijvers, p. 299.
170 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 291.
171 Cole. p. 627.
172 WW II Journal #3, 2007, “Battle of the Bulge”, p. 89.
173 Kolb, The Ardennes-Offensive in the sector of the 9 Volks Gren Div (25 Dec 1944 until 25 Jan 1945). B-521, p. 14.
174 Anti Aircraft Artillery Notes, Number 18, February 1945. CG, European T of Opns, APO 887. www.scribd.com/haraoi_conal/d/35664170-Anti-Aircraft-Artillery-Notes-No-18-19-21 -february-28-february-1945.
175 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen.
176 Elstob, p. 352.
177 Cole, p. 638.
178 Kolb, B-521, pp. 20 and 31.
179 Elstob, p. 352.
180 OB. West Ia Nr. 12309/44 II. Ang., 29 December 1944; Jung, p. 181.
181 Reynolds, p. 147.
182 OB. West Ia Nr. 12521/44 g.Kdos., 30 December 1944; Jung, p. 180.
183 KTB OB West, 30 December 1944; Jung, p. 183.
184 Reynolds, p. 149.
185 Cit. i Koskimaki, Battered Bastards of Bastogne, p. 388.
186 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/639. CX/MSS/T 414/34. BT 752 West.
187 Interrogation Report 135th Inf Regt. IPW 60. 31 Dec 44.
188 Ibid.
189 Miltonberger and Huston, 134th Infantry Regiment. “All Hell Can’t Stop Us”: Combat History of World War II, p. 163.
190 Cole, p. 626.
191 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 51st Armd Inf. Battalion 4th Armored Division 23 Aug thru 9 May 45. AAR #79U. 842-22.
192 Tiemann, Chronicle of the 7. Panzer-Kompanie, 1. SS-Panzer Division “Leibstandarte”, p. 130.
193 Ibid.
194 Ibid., p. 131.
195 Miltonberger and Huston, p. 163.
196 Tiemann, p. 128.
197 Fox, p. 443.
198 Reynolds, p. 150.
199 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 51st Armd Inf. Battalion 4th Armored Division 23 Aug thru 9 May 45. AAR #79U. 842-22.
200 The 4th Armored: From the Beach to Bastogne. Stars & Stripes. www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/4tharmored/index.html. 4 June 2012.
201 Reynolds, p. 150.
202 Tiemann, Chronicle of the 7. Panzer-Kompanie, 1. SS-Panzer Division “Leibstandarte”, p. 133.
203 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 654th Tank Destroyer Battalion for the Period 1 December to 31 December 1944. APO 403.
204 National Archives and Records Administration: III Corps After Action Report December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944, Box 2735.
205 Cit. i Reynolds, p. 152.
206 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 300.
207 Heilmann, B-023, pp. 36-37.
208 Interrogation Report 134th Inf Regt. IPW 60. 30 Dec 44.
209 Cole, p. 626.
210 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 301.
211 Mitchell Kaidy, “The power and the glory: The 87th Division attacks”. www.unithistories.com/units_index/default.asp?file=../units/87th%20inf.div.asp. 27 Nov. 2012.
212 Ronald Leir, “Living History: Hear vets combat memories in Bayonne”, Tuesday, February 08, 2005. www.6thcorpscombatengineers.com/JamesHennessey.htm. 27 Nov. 2012.
213 Denkert, 3 Pz Gren Division (from 28 Dec 44 to 25 Jan 45), C-002, p. 3.
214 Via Roger Marquet.
215 Remer, B-592, pp. 24-25.
216 Ibid.
217 Fague, The Battle of the Bulge: One Small Corner, p. 11.
218 Ibid., p. 12.
219 Ibid.
220 Interview with Major Carl Sheely and Executive Officer Captain Clarence A. Rechter, 63 AIB, 11th AD. Battalion Command Post, Buret, Belgium. January 25,1945. Post Combat Interviews Regarding the 11th Armored Division. 11th Armored Division Legacy Group. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/11th_AD_interviews.html. 6 Aug. 2011.
221 Parker, Battle of the Bulge: Hitler’s Ardennes Offensive, 1944-1945, p. 227.
222 Post Combat Interviews Regarding the 11th Armored Division. 11th Armored Division Legacy Group. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/11th_AD_interviews.html. 27 Dec. 2011.
223 Ibid.
224 Denkert, C-002, p. 5.
225 After Action Report 11th Armored Division 23 December 1944 to 18 January 1945. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/after_action_report.htm. 27 Dec. 2011.
226 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 360.
227 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/640. CX/MSS/T 416/41. BT 930 West.
228 Ibid.
229 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen.
230 Interview with Major Carl Sheely and Executive Officer Captain Clarence A. Rechter, 63 AIB, 11th AD. Battalion Command Post, Buret, Belgium. January 25,1945. Post Combat Interviews Regarding the 11th Armored Division. 11th Armored Division Legacy Group. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/11th_AD_interviews.html. 6 Aug. 2011.
231 Craig, The 11th Armored Division “Thunderbolt,” Volume II, p. 33.
232 Denkert, C-002, p. 7.
233 Fague, p. 16.
234 Craig, p. 23.
235 Denkert, C-002, p. 8.
236 Fague, p. 17.
237 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 299.
238 Se George F. Hofmann, Cold War Casualty: The Court-Martial of Major General Robert W. Grow, Grow av Kent State University Press 1993.
239 Burke, Combat Record of the Sixth Armored Division in the E.T.O., July 18, 1944 - May 8, 1945, p. 147.
240 Cole, p. 629.
241 Ibid.
242 National Archives and Records Administration: III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records. Box 2735.
243 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, pp. 301-302.
244 35th Infantry Division in the Battle of the Bulge. www.coulthart.com/134/ardennes.htm. 26 Dec. 2011.
245 National Archives and Records Administration: III Corps After Action Report December 1944. Record Group 407, Records of the U.S. Army Adjutant General, World War II Records, III Corps, After Action Reports, December 1944, Box 2735.
246 “Battle in the Bulge”, WW II Journal #3, 2007.
247 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3: 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945. 3 January 1945, p. 388.
248 Källa: Richard C. Anderson Jr., historian and analyst working for the U.S. government.
249 Drea, Unit Reconstitution: a Historical Perspective Prepared for the Combined Arms Research Activity Operations (CAORA). Combined Arms Research Library No. 3.
250 Cole, p. 309.
251 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 291.
252 US Army Armored School, C.C.B. 9th Armored Division Battle of the Bulge 16-25 December 1944. www. battleofthebulgememories.be. 28 Dec. 2011.
253 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, pp. 479 och 482.
254 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3: 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945. 3 januari 1945, p. 388.
255 Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht, vol. 8, p. 1359.
256 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, pp. 471-477.
257 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind - Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4A, p. 9.
258 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv, RH 24-58: Kriegstagebuch LVIII. Panzerkorps 29 december 1944.
259 Dugdale, Volume I, Part 4A, p. 110.
260 Dugdale, Volume I, Part 4C, p. 77.
261 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
262 Källa: Richard C. Anderson, Jr.
263 Schramm, The Course of Events of the German Offensive in the Ardennes (16 Dec. 1944-14 Jan. 1945). A-858, pp. 10-11.
264 Cit. i Koskimaki, The Battered Bastards of Bastogne, p. 396.
265 Fague, p. 18.
266 Cit. i Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahr im Westen, p. 391.
267 Craven och Cate (red.). Army Air Forces in World War II. Europe: Argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945, p. 701.
268 Speer, Tredje riket inifrån: Katastrof och dom 1944-194, p. 510.
Notes to Chapter 9
1 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv RL 10/639: Kriegstagebuch III./JG 3; Manrho and Pütz, Bodenplatte, p. 138.
2 Marion Hill in Manrho and Pütz, Bodenplatte, p. 400.
3 Joe Roddis in Manrho and Pütz, p. 26.
4 Der Reichsmarschall des Grossdeutschen Reiches und Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe Nr. 10325/44 g.Kdos. Chefs. 14.11. 1944.
5 Herrmann, Bewegtes Leben, p. 380.
6 Toliver and Constable, Fighter General, p. 254.
7 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 455.
8 Forsyth, Jagdverband 44, p. 7.
9 Fritz Wegner i Prien and Rodeike, Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11, Teil 3: 1944-1945, p. 1398.
10 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/642. CX/MSS/T 419/27. BT 958, BT 1211, BT 1235 West.
11 Emil Clade i Manrho and Pütz, p. 348.
12 Manrho och Pütz, p. 368.
13 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/640. CX/MSS/T 416/62 West.
14 Werner Hohenberg, interview by author.
15 Ibid.
16 Fritz Haspel i Prien and Rodeike, p. 1404.
17 Caldwell, The JG 26 War Diary, Volume 2 1943-1945, p. 413.
18 Oskar Bösch in Manrho and Pütz, p. 127.
19 Zinnicq Bergmann in Manrho and Pütz, p. 123.
20 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv RL 10/639: Kriegstagebuch III./JG 3.
21 Franks, The Battle of the Airfields: 1 January 1945, p. 204.
22 Manrho and Pütz, pp. 503-506.
23 Ibid., p. 460.
24 Ibid.
25 Caldwell, p. 415.
26 Franks, p. 201.
27 Manrho and Pütz, pp. 366-368.
28 Ibid.
29 Michael Wetz in Manrho and Pütz, p. 352.
30 Manrho and Pütz, p. 414.
31 368th Fighter Group History & Time Line of Events. www.368thfightergroup.com/368-timeline-w.html. 28 Dec. 2011.
32 Barnes, Crump och Sutherland, Thunderbolts of the Hell Hawks: 365th Fighter-Bomber Group in Words, Pictures and Illustrations, p. 121.
33 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files AIR 20/9941. XC 020194. Memorandum 25 feb 1945 GAF Operations Staff Ic Fremde Luftwaffen West No. 1160/45 G.Kdos. Subject: Attacks on British and American Airfields.
34 Clostermann, The Big Show, p. 218.
35 Parker, p. 447.
36 Ibid.
37 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/640. CX/MSS/T 416/78. BT 953, 958 West.
38 Schramm, Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (henceforth KTB OKW), Vol. 8. 2 January 1945, p. 977.
39 KTB OKW, Vol. 8. 5 January 1945, p. 995.
40 Clostermann, Det stora vansinnet: jaktflygare i andra världskriget - en fransk jaktpilots minnen från Royal Air Force, p. 201.
41 Herrmann, p. 381.
42 Galland, Die Ersten und die Letzten, p. 331.
43 Ibid., pp. 332-333.
44 Freeman, The Mighty Eighth, p. 195.
45 Prien and Rodeike, p. 1332.
46 Freeman, p. 195.
47 Clostermann, p. 218.
48 Schramm, The Course of Events of the German Offensive in the Ardennes (16 Dec. 1944-14 Jan. 1945). A-858, p. 13.
49 Emil Clade in Manrho and Pütz, p. 369.
50 Caldwell, p. 414.
51 Lothar Wolf i Prien and Rodeike, p. 1404.
52 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv, RL 10/639: Kriegstagebuch III./JG 3; Manrho and Pütz, p. 138.
53 Prien and Rodeike, pp. 1360 och 1371.
54 KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 981.
55 Dorr and Jones, Hell Hawks! The Untold Story of the American Fliers Who Savaged Hitler’s Wehrmacht, p. 185.
56 Ibid., p. 186.
57 Via Don Barnes.
58 Franks, p. 144.
59 Stefan Kohl, cit. i Manrho and Pütz, p. 410.
60 Parker, p. 417.
61 Clostermann, p. 218.
62 Parker, p. 455.
63 Ibid.
64 Aviation historian W. A. Jacobs in Cooling, Case Studies in the Development of Close Air Support, p. 277.
65 KTB OKW, Vol. 8, p. 981.
66 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen.
67 Prien and Rodeike, p. 1422.
68 Prien, ”Pik-As”: Geschichte des Jagdgeschwaders 53, Teil 3, p. 1501.
69 Ibid., p. 1503.
70 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files AIR 20/9941. XC 020194.
71 Schramm, A-858, p. 14.
72 Parker, p. 333.
73 Ibid., p. 448.
74 O’Keeffe, Battle Yet Unsung: The Fighting Men of the 14th Armored Division in World War II, p. 175.
75 Zaloga, Operation Nordwind, p. 65.
76 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 270.
Notes to Chapter 10
1 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 60th Armd Inf. Battalion 9th Armored Division Oct 44 thru March 45. AAR # 361-U.
2 Remer, The Fuehrer-Begleit-Brigade (The Brigade under the command of Remer) in the Ardennes Offensive (16 Dec 44 to 26 Jan 45). B-592, p. 30.
3 Ibid., p. 31.
4 Eli J. Warach, “A Toast to those who fought the Battle of the Bulge”. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/a_toast_to_those_who.html.
5 Joseph L. Crooks, “Rechrival, Belgium”. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/d42tk_crooks.htm.
6 Via Roger Marquet.
7 Denkert, 3 Pz Gren Division (from 28 Dec 44 to 25 Jan 45), C-002, p. 12.
8 Fague, The Battle of the Bulge: One Small Corner, p. 21.
9 Marquet, Du sang, des ruines et des larmes: Chenogne 1944-1945, p. 88.
10 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 60th Armd Inf. Battalion 9th Armored Division Oct 44 thru March 45. AAR # 361-U.
11 Denkert, C-002, p. 12.
12 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 60th Armd Inf. Battalion 9th Armored Division Oct 44 thru March 45. AAR # 361-U.
13 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 387.
14 Denkert, C-002, p. 12.
15 Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 180.
16 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 238.
17 Blumenson, Patton Papers 1940-1945, p. 612.
18 Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (hädanefter KTB OKW), vol. 8, p. 981.
19 Burke, Combat Record of the Sixth Armored Division in the E.T.O., July 18, 1944 - May 8, 1945, p. 153.
20 National Archives and Records Administration: The 68th Tank Battalion in Combat. 407-606 TK (68)-9.
21 National Archives and Records Administration:. 407-606 TK (68)-9; Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 238; Schneider, Tigers in Combat, Vol. I, p. 274.
22 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 633.
23 Kurowski, Panzer Aces: German Tank Commanders of WW II, p. 209.
24 Burke, p. 153.
25 Toland, Battle, p. 336.
26 ”War Tales”. donmooreswartales.com/2010/05/19/mikesovan. 18 July 2012.
27 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 308.
28 MacDonald, United States Army in World War II European Theater of Operations: The Last Offensive, p. 26.
29 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, pp. 482-483; MacDonald, p. 27.
30 Mitcham, Panzers in Winter, p. 157.
31 Tieke, Im Feuersturm letzter Kriegsjahre: II. SS-Panzerkorps mit 9. und 10. SS-Division ”Hohenstaufen” und ”Fundsberg”, p. 439.
32 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 475.
33 MacDonald, p. 28.
34 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 - February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind -Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I, Part 4A, p. 107.
35 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 483.
36 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 245.
37 Checkerboard Newsletter, March 1993, ”The British at Bure During the Battle of the Ardennes”. Criba. www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/british-army/814-the-british-at-bure-during-the-battle-of-the-ardennes.html. 9 May 2012.
38 Ibid.
39 Guy Blockmans, ”Battle of Bure, January 1945: Account of the battle by Units of the 29th Armoured Brigade supporting 13th Para”. Criba. www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/british-army/210-battle-of-bure-january-1945.html. 9 May 2012.
40 Draper, 84th Infantry Division in the Battle of the Ardennes, p. 29.
41 Wisliceny, Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 - 20.1.1945: SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 3 ”Deutschland“. FMS # 20, p. 10.
42 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, Band V, pp. 401-403.
43 Ibid., p. 404.
44 Draper, p. 30.
45 Weidinger, p. 405.
46 Blunt, Foot Soldier: A Combat Infantryman’s War in Europe, pp. 125-127.
47 Draper, p. 30.
48 Cooper, Death Traps: The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 114.
49 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 317.
50 Cooper, p. 114.
51 Weidinger, p. 417.
52 Schäfer, Reinicke, Hermann, and Kittel, Die Mondschein-Division: Die 62. Infanteriedivision 1938-1944, die 62. Volksgrenadierdivision 1944-1945, p. 293.
53 Orfalea, Messengers of the Lost Battalion: The Heroic 551st and the Turning of the Tide at the Battle of the Bulge, p. 264.
54 Ibid.
55 National Archives and Records Administration: 2d Bn, 505 Prcht Inf. Combat Interview Major William Carpenter, CO, Captain Charles E. Sammon (S-3), 27 Mar 45.
56 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 740th Tank Battalion January thru April 1945. AAR# 491.
57 Schäfer et al, p. 291.
58 National Archives and Records Administration: 325th Glider Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview Colonel George Billingslea, C.O., 24 March 1945.
59 ”The 551st Parachute Infantry Battalion” av Les Hughes. cit. ur Dan Morgan, The Left Corner of My Heart (Alder Enterprises, Wauconda, WA, 1984). www.insigne.org/551-history.htm. 2 April 2012.
60 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 50th Armored Infantry Battalion. National Archives, Record Group No. 407-606TK(69)-0.3.
61 Ripley, SS Steel Rain: Waffen-SS Panzer Battles in the West, 1944-1945, p. 202.
62 Meyer, The 12th SS, p. 337.
63 Walter F. Zagol i Koskimaki, The Battered Bastards of Bastogne, p. 418.
64 Koskimaki, Battered Bastards of Bastogne, p. 425.
65 Tieke, p. 441.
66 Denkert, C-002, p. 13.
67 Charles Kocourek in Koskimaki, p. 410.
68 Fague, p. 31.
69 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division; Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 307.
70 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 387.
71 “Memories: The European Theater Of Operations 1944-45” av Kenneth W. Moeller, Division Headquarters. The 11th Armored Division Legacy Group. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/moeller_memories.htm. 5 Dec. 2012.
72 Ibid.
73 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 60th Armd Inf. Battalion 9th Armored Division Oct 44 thru March 45. AAR # 361-U.
74 Stalwart and Strong: the Story of the 87th Infantry Division.
75 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 309.
76 Bayerlein, Additional Questions - Ardennes Offensive. A-943, p. 4.
77 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 630th T.D. Battalion. AAR# 6150. Unit Report No. 7. From: 010001 January 1945 To 312400 January 1945. HQ 630th Tank Destroyer Battalion. APO 230 United States Army.
78 Ibid.
79 Remer, B-592, pp. 34-35.
80 Denkert, C-002, p. 17.
81 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 630th T.D. Battalion. AAR# 6150. Unit Report No. 7. From: 010001 January 1945 To 312400 January 1945. HQ 630th Tank Destroyer Battalion. APO 230 United States Army.
82 ”The 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment Memories” (Reprint from Thunder From Heaven Volume 55 Number 1 - March 2008 [Final edition]) på The 17th Airborne. www.ww2-airborne.us/units/513/513_memories.html. 28 March 2012.
83 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 309.
84 Denkert, C-002, p. 19.
85 Blumenson, Patton Papers, 1940-1945, p. 615.
86 Remer, B-592, pp. 35-36.
87 Meyer, p. 343.
88 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, pp. 483.
89 Toland, Battle, p. 336.
90 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 50th Armored Infantry Battalion. National Archives, Record Group No. 407-606TK(69)-0.3.
91 Veterans of the Battle of Bulge. Battle of the Bulge, p. 91.
92 Blumenson, p. 615.
93 Miltonberger and Huston, 134th Infantry Regiment. “All Hell Can’t Stop Us”: Combat History of World War II, p. 164-165.
94 134th Infantry Regiment ”All Hell Can’t Stop Us”: Presenting the 35th Infantry Division in World War II 1941 - 1945: The Beginning of the End Ardennes Campaign, 16 Dec 44 - 25 Jan 45. www.coulthart.com/134/35chapter_10.htm.
95 Ibid.
96 Miltonberger and Huston, p. 168.
97 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 187.
98 Miltonberger and Huston, p. 168.
99 Ibid., p. 169.
100 MacDonald, p. 38.
101 Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahr im Westen: Die Geschichte der 116. Panzer-Division – Windhund-Division – 1944-1945, p.395.
102 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, p. 319.
103 Bressler, 2d Armored Division in the Ardennes, p. 10.
104 Meyer, p. 345.
105 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 391.
106 Meyer, p. 347.
107 Brest to Bastogne: The Story of the 6th Armored Division. www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/6tharmored/index.html.
108 National Archives and Records Administration: The 68th Tank Battalion in Combat. Record Group No. 407-606TK(68-9).
109 Blumenson, p. 615.
110 Ibid.
111 Toland, p. 339.
112 Elstob, Hitler’s Last Offensive, p. 362.
113 Toland, p. 342.
114 Ibid., p. 343.
115 Ibid., p. 342.
116 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 315.
117 Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G, p. 314.
118 Ibid., p. 315.
119 WFStab/KTB. Mitteilung des Oberst d.G. Meyer-Detring (Abt.- Leiter Op H) am 4.1.45, 18 Uhr. KTB OKW, Vol. 8, p. 990.
120 Guderian, p. 396.
121 Tieke, p. 443.
122 Uffz Heinz Pech, 6 Co 19 SS Pz Gren Regt, captured 21 Jan vic Geilich. US Strategic Bombing Survey PW Intell Bulltn No 1/40, National Archives; WW II Musings. Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 1994. www.battleofthebulge.org/musings/Mus0394.pdf.
123 Bayerlein, A-943, p. 3.
124 Remer, B-592, p. 34.
125 Remer, B-592, p. 34.
126 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 218.
127 Remer, Fuehrer Begleit Brigade In the Ardennes. ETHINT-80, p. 12.
128 Remer, B-592, p. 33.
129 Miller, Nothing less than full victory, p. 185.
130 Ambrose, Citizen Soldiers, p. 380.
131 Remer, B-592, p. 32.
132 Miller, p. 185.
133 Ambrose, p. 381.
134 Denkert, C-002, p. 21.
135 Ibid.
136 Remer, B-592, p. 35.
137 U.S. Army Center of Military History. Medal of Honor Recipients World War II.www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-m-s.html. 5 April 2012.
138 Remer, B-592, p. 35.
139 Ibid., p. 36.
140 Ibid., p. 35.
141 Miller, p. 185.
142 The Mercury, 8 Jan 1945. trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/ page/1871470. 2 April 2012.
143 Guderian, p. 399.
144 Ibid.
145 Draper, p. 38.
146 Weidinger, p. 417.
147 Wisliceny, FMS # 20, p. 11.
148 Cooper, The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 115.
149 Green and Brown, War Stories of the Battle of the Bulge, pp. 147-148.
150 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview Major William Carpenter, CO, 2d Bn, 505 Prcht Inf, Captain Charles E. Sammon (S-3) 2d Bn, 05 Prcht Inf, 27 Mar 45.
151 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 740th Tank Battalion January thru April 1945. AAR# 491.
152 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview Major William Carpenter, CO, 2d Bn, 505 Prcht Inf, Captain Charles E. Sammon (S-3) 2d Bn, 05 Prcht Inf, 27 Mar 45.
153 Langdon, Ready: The history of the 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division, World War II, p. 112.
154 Ibid., p. 113.
155 National Archives and Records Administration: 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment: Combat Interview with Major J.W. Medusky, S-3, 508th Parachute Regiment, 15 February 1945.
156 National Archives and Records Administration: 504th Parachute Infantry Regt, 82nd A/B Division: Combat Interview Technical Sergeant George W. Corporan.
157 LoFaro, The Sword of St. Michael: The 82nd Airborne Division in World War II, p. 496.
158 Moll, Bericht über den Einsatz der 18. V.G.D. in der Ardennen-Offensive (16.12.1944 bis 25.1.1945). B-734, p. 51.
159 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 740th Tank Battalion January thru April 1945. AAR# 491.
160 ”The 551st Parachute Infantry Battalion” by Les Hughes. cit. ur Dan Morgan, The Left Corner of My Heart (Alder Enterprises, Wauconda, WA, 1984). www.insigne.org/551-history.htm. 2 April 2012.
161 www.infantry.army.mil/museum/outside_tour/monuments/551st_para_inf.htm. 2 April 2012.
162 Orfalea, p. 302.
163 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 740th Tank Battalion January thru April 1945. AAR# 491.
164 Ibid.
165 ”The 551st Parachute Infantry Battalion” by Les Hughes. cit. ur Dan Morgan, The Left Corner of My Heart (Alder Enterprises, Wauconda, WA, 1984). hwww.insigne.org/551-history.htm. 2 April 2012.
166 Moll, B-734, p. 51.
167 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 740th Tank Battalion January thru April 1945. AAR# 491.
168 KTB OKW, Vol. 8, 7 January 1945, p. 999.
169 Meyer, p. 349.
170 Ibid., p. 350.
171 National Archives and Records Administration: The 68th Tank Battalion in Combat. Record Group No. 407-606TK(68-9).
172 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 310.
173 Reynolds, Men of Steel, p. 173.
174 WFStab/KTB. Mitteilung des Oberst d.G. Meyer-Detring (Abt.- Leiter Op H) am 4.1.45, 18 Uhr. KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 990.
175 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/647. CX/MSS/T 429/100. BT 2295 West.
176 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/647. CX/MSS/T 429/113. BT 2351 West.
177 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/647. CX/MSS/T 429/6. West.
178 KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 1346.
179 Ibid.
180 Ibid., p. 1353.
181 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 307.
182 Blumenson, p. 616.
183 Ibid.
184 National Archives and Records Administration: Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403, p. 7.
185 Ibid.
186 Bodenstein, LIII Corps (1 Dec 1944 - 22 Jan 1945). B-032, p. 8.
187 Heilmann, Ardennen-Offensive. 5. Fallschirmjäger-Division. B-023, p. 39.
188 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 712th Tank Bn July 44 - Mar 45. AAR 249. 846-64.
189 Ibid.
190 National Archives and Records Administration: Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403, p. 8.
191 National Archives and Records Administration: Records for the Third US Army. File 103-0.5; WW II Musings. Vol. 3 Issue 1 February 1995.
192 Bodenstein, B-032, p. 7.
193 Heilmann, B-023, p. 40.
194 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 712th Tank Bn July 44 - Mar 45. AAR 249. 846-64.
195 Burke, p. 168.
196 Reynolds, p. 156.
197 Heilmann, B-023, p. 39.
198 Miltonberger and Huston, p. 173.
199 MacDonald, p. 40.
200 Bodenstein, B-032, p. 7.
201 Heilmann, B-023, p. 41.
202 Ibid.
203 Ibid.
204 Ibid.
205 Remer, B-592, p. 36.
206 Wilson, The 761st ”Black Panther” Tank Battalion in World War II, p. 128.
207 Ibid., p. 132.
208 Ivy, A Study in Leadership: The 761st Tank Battalion and the 92d Division, p. 70.
209 Wilson, p. 128.
210 Koskimaki, p. 456.
211 Ibid.
212 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 336.
213 Kompanie-Kameradschaft, Die 3. Kompanie, SS-Panzerregiment 12, p. 111.
214 Fox, Patton’s Vanguard: The United States Army Fourth Armored Division, p. 450.
215 National Archives and Records Administration: Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403, p. 8.
216 Strauss, Die Geschichte der 2. (Wiener) Panzer-Division, p. 189.
217 von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945. A-939, p. 26.
218 Kniess, LXXXV. Armeekorps, Ardennes, 16 December 1944 to 12 January 1945. B-030, p. 6.
219 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/644. CX/MSS/T 415/8. BT 1641 West.
220 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 256.
221 Bayerlein, A-943, p. 5.
222 Sylvan and Smith, p. 256.
223 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/646. BT 1800 West.
224 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/647. CX/MSS/T 429/1. BT 12250 West.
225 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 396.
226 KTB OKW, Vol. 8, p. 1002.
Notes to Chapter 11
1 Schramm (red.), Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (hädanefter KTB OKW), Vol. 8, p. 1347.
2 National Archives and Records Administration: Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403, p. 9.
3 OKW/WFSt/Op. (H) Nr. 88149/45 g.Kdos.Chefs. vom 22.1. 1945; Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 194.
4 Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge, p. 302.
5 National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC. Notes on Bastogne Operation. Headquarters Third United States Army, January 15, 1945. APO 403.
6 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 50th Armored Infantry Battalion. Record Group No. 407-606TK(69)-0.3.
7 Delaforce, p. 289.
8 Tieke, Im Feuersturm letzter Kriegsjahre: II. SS-Panzerkorps mit 9. und 10. SS-Division ”Hohenstaufen” und ”Fundsberg”, p. 445.
9 National Archives and Records Administration: 329 th Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 319.1/401, U.S. Army.
10 National Archives and Records Administration: 329th Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 319.1/401, U.S. Army; National Archives and Records Administration: 331st Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 83, U.S. Army; National Archives and Records Administration: 774th Tank Battalion, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 774th Tank Battalion. A.P.O. 230, U.S. Army.
11 Cooper, Death Traps: The Survival of an American Armored Division in World War II, p. 115.
12 Weidinger, Division Das Reich, p. 418.
13 Bader, 560. Volksgrenadier-Division: Ardennes Campaign 16 December 1944 to 25 January 1945. B-024, p. 6.
14 Draper, 84th Infantry Division in the Battle of the Ardennes, p. 43.
15 Wisliceny, Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 - 20.1.1945: SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 3 ”Deutschland“. FMS #20, p. 12.
16 Draper, p. 43.
17 National Archives and Records Administration: 774th Tank Battalion, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 774th Tank Battalion. A.P.O. 230, U.S. Army.
18 National Archives and Records Administration: 329th Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 319.1/401, U.S. Army.
19 National Archives and Records Administration: 774th Tank Battalion, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 774th Tank Battalion. A.P.O. 230, U.S. Army.
20 Bader, B-024, p. 6.
21 Stueckler, Ardennes Project: Report on 2d SS Panzer Div, 16 Dec 1944-17 Jan 1945. P-032e; Weidinger, p. 411.
22 National Archives and Records Administration: 331st Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 83. Unitede States Army.
23 National Archives and Records Administration: 774th Tank Battalion, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 774th Tank Battalion. A.P.O. 230, U.S. Army.
24 Gutmann, Ardennes Follow-Up: 2d Panzer Division (16-20 Dec 44 & 13-17 Jan 45). P-109e, p. 6.
25 Bayerlein, Additional Questions - Ardennes Offensive. Description of Operations from 11 to 20 January 1944 in Area of Houffalize. Foreign Military Study A-945, p. 1.
26 Kriegstagebuch II./Pz.Art.Rgt. 146; Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahr im Westen: Die Geschichte der 116. Panzer-Division – Windhund-Division –1944-1945, p. 403.
27 Lucht, The LXVI Corps in the Ardennes (3-15 Jan 1945). B-769, p. 8.
28 Guderian, Das letzte Kriegsjahr im Westen: Die Geschichte der 116. Panzer-Division – Windhund-Division – 1944-1945, p. 405.
29 The Argus, 16 januari 1945. trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/ page/28672?zoomLevel=3.
30 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv RH 27/116: Abschlussmeldung der 116. Panzer-Division über die Abwehrkämpfe v. 3.1 – 15.1.1945: Guderian, p. 405.
31 Bayerlein, A-945, pp. 1-2.
32 Bressler, 2d Armored Division in the Ardennes, p. 13.
33 Bayerlein, A-945, p. 2.
34 National Archives and Records Administration: 331st Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 83. United States Army.
35 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/646. CX/MSS/T. BT 2323 West; Bennett, Ultra in the West, p. 219.
36 Caldwell, The JG 26 War Diary, Volume Two, pp. 419-420.
37 Prien and Rodeike, Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11, Teil 3, p. 1429.
38 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen.
39 Guderian, p. 405.
40 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 262.
41 G-3 Supplement Official Record of Combat by Major Murray H. Fowler, Information and Education Officer of the 3rd Armored Division, in the book Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized by Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com. 21 July 2010.
42 Bader, B-024, p. 6.
43 Bayerlein, A-945, p. 2.
44 Denkert, Commitment of 3d Panzer Grenadier Division in the Ardennes Offensive. Foreign Military Study A-978, p. 5.
45 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report. 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
46 Remer, The Fuehrer Escort Brigade in the Ardennes Offensive (Part II). B-838, p. 1; von Luettwitz, Einsatz des XXXXVII. Panzer-Korps in den Ardennen 1944/1945. A-939, p. 26.
47 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 467.
48 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report. 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
49 Burke, Combat Record of the Sixth Armored Division in the E.T.O., July 18, 1944 - May 8, 1945, p. 176.
50 Wilson, George. If You Survive s. 233.
51 Remer, B-838, p. 2-3.
52 Koskimaki, The Battered Bastards of Bastogne, p. 497.
53 Lt. Robert J. Burns and Lt. John S. Dahl, ”Unit History of the 68th Tank Battalion. www.super6th.org/tank68/index.html. 12 April 2012.
54 Burke, p. 180.
55 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report. 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
56 Carwood Lipton i Koskimaki, p. 502.
57 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report. 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
58 Gutmann, P-109e, p. 5.
59 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report. 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
60 Fee, William W, ”With the Eleventh Armored Division in the Battle Of the Bulge: A Retrospective Diary”. www.11tharmoreddivision.com/history/fee/fee_retro_diary.htm. 17 April 2012.
61 Remer, B-838, p. 5.
62 Richard Kazinski in Koskimaki, p. 507.
63 Schneider, Tigers in Combat, Vol. 1, p. 275.
64 Luftwaffe Loss list. Matti Salonen; Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 473.
65 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv RH 27/116: Abschlussmeldung der 116. Panzer-Division über die Abwehrkämpfe v. 3.1 – 15.1.1945: Guderian, p. 407.
66 Bressler, p. 14.
67 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, p. 339.
68 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, p. 464.
69 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report. 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
70 Ibid.
71 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 466.
72 Ibid., p. 471.
73 Weidinger, p. 419.
74 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 472.
75 Bundesarchiv/Militärarchiv RH 27/116: Abschlussmeldung der 116. Panzer-Division über die Abwehrkämpfe v. 3.1 – 15.1.1945: Guderian, p. 408.
76 Dupuy, Bongard and Anderson, p. 473.
77 Ibid., p. 477.
78 Annex No. 5 to G-2. Periodic Report No. 51 106th Inf Div. Translation of Diary captured by 424 Inf Reg 106 Us Inf Div. Vic Henumont (P-7297), 13 Jan 45. members.tripod.com/camp_atterbury/Diaries/Diaries. html#GermanDiary. 9 May 2012.
79 KTB OKW, vol. 8, 7 januari 1945, p. 999.
80 Schäfer, Reinicke, Hermann and Kittel, Die Mondschein-Division: Die 62. Infanteriedivision 1938-1944, die 62. Volksgrenadierdivision 1944-1945, p. 298.
81 Tieke, Im Feuersturm letzter Kriegsjahre, p. 445.
82 Via John M. Nolan.
83 30th Infantry Division Old Hickory: “January 13, 1945 by John M. Nolan, 30th Infantry Division.” www.oldhickory30th.com/119th%20IR%20Company%20G%20histories.htm. 12 maj 2012.
84 “War History of Howard J. Melker” på The 30th Infantry Division In World War II. www.30thinfantry.org/personal.shtml. 17 May 2012.
85 “War History of Howard J. Melker” på The 30th Infantry Division In World War II. www.30thinfantry.org/personal.shtml. 17 May 2012.
86 Ibid.
87 Collins and King, Voices of the Bulge: Untold Stories from Veterans of the Battle of the Bulge, p. 298.
88 Ibid., p. 297.
89 Kaschner, 326. Volksgrenadier-Division. Ardennes (16 Dec - 25 Jan 45). B-092, p. 6.
90 Sylvan and Smith, Normandy to victory: the war diary of General Courtney H. Hodges & the First U.S. Army, p. 261.
91 Headquarters 75th Infantry Division, 1945. 75th Infantry Division in Combat: The Battle in the Ardennes 23 Dec 1944 - 27 Jan 1945, p. 9.
92 Schäfer at al, p. 299.
93 Headquarters 75th Infantry Division, 1945. 75th Infantry Division in Combat: The Battle in the Ardennes 23 Dec 1944 - 27 Jan 1945, p. 10.
94 Ibid.
95 John Graber, ”Battle of Grand-Halleux, January 1945” Salmvalley 1944- 1945. salmvalley1944-1945.over-blog.com/article-battle-of-grand-halleux-january-1945-72179254.html.
96 Technical Sergeant Robert H. Justice, “Remembrance of Battle at Grand-Halleux, January 15-16, 1945”. Criba. www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/us-army/567-remembrance-of-battle-at-grand-halleux-january-15-16-1945.html. 7 April 2012.
97 Pvt Peter G. Dounis, ”The Battle of Grand-Halleux”. Criba. www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/us-army/568-the-battle-of-grand-halleux.html. 19 May 2012.
98 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 750th Tank Battalion 22 Dec 44 - Apr 45. AAR # 493-U.
99 Pvt Peter G. Dounis, ”The Battle of Grand-Halleux”.
100 Ambrose, Citizen Soldiers, p. 392.
101 Sylvan and Smith, p. 261.
102 Ibid., p. 263.
103 Ridgway, and Martin, Soldier: the memoirs of Matthew B. Ridgway, p. 120.
104 National Archives and Records Administration: 330th Infantry Regiment. Report After Action Against the Enemy. Hq 330th Infantry. APO 83, US Army.
105 G-3 SUPPLEMENT Official Record of Combat by Major Murray H. Fowler, Information and Education Officer of the 3rd Armored Division, in the book Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized by Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com/ 21 July 2010.
106 Ibid.
107 ”Ambush of 3AD Tanks”, i kapitlet ”Battle of the Bulge December 18, 1944 - Late January, 1945” in the book Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized by Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com. 21 July 2010.
108 National Archives and Records Administration: 330th Infantry Regiment. Report After Action Against the Enemy. Hq 330th Infantry. APO 83, US Army.
109 G-3 Supplement Official Record of Combat by Major Murray H. Fowler, Information and Education Officer of the 3rd Armored Division, in the book Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized by Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com. 21 July 2010.
110 National Archives and Records Administration: 330th Infantry Regiment. Report After Action Against the Enemy. Hq 330th Infantry. APO 83, US Army.
111 ”Excerpts from the After Action Reports produced by Haynes Dugan on the History of the 36th Armored Infantry Regt. 3rd Armored Division.” www.criba.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=102:sterpigny-and-cherain-belgium-january- 1945&catid=1:battle-of-the-bulge-us-army&Itemid=6.
112 Staff Sergeant James K. Cullen, ”Sterpigny and Cherain, Belgium. January 1945.” www.criba.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=102:sterpigny-and-cherain-belgium-january- 1945&catid=1:battle-of-the-bulge-us-army&Itemid=6.
113 Tieke, p. 448.
114 G-3 Supplement Official Record of Combat by Major Murray H. Fowler, Information and Education Officer of the 3rd Armored Division, in the book Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized by Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com. 21 July 2010.
115 Ibid.
116 Coox, Naisawald and VanLoan, Survey of Allied Tank Casualties in World War II.
117 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 415.
118 “History of Company ’E’, 16th Infantry. 1942-1945 by Leonard E. Richardson 1st Lt., 16th Infantry.” www.ww2lhawebpages.com/THEFIRSTDIVISION/HISTORY_16th.html. 7 sept. 2012.
119 Sylvan and Smith, p. 264.
120 Ibid.
121 Moll, Bericht über den Einsatz der 18. V.G.D. in der Ardennen- Offensive (16.12.1944 bis 25.1.1945). B-734, p. 57.
122 Sylvan and Smith, p. 265.
123 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/651. CX/MSS/T 437/27 West.
124 Sylvan and Smith, p. 267.
125 National Archives and Records Administration: 774th Tank Battalion, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 774th Tank Battalion. A.P.O. 230, U.S. Army.
126 National Archives and Records Administration: 329th Infantry, Action Against Enemy, Reports After/After Action Reports. Headquarters 83rd Infantry Division. A.P.O. 319.1/401, U.S. Army.
127 Draper, p. 51.
128 KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 1024.
129 Remer, B-838, p. 6.
130 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 198.
131 National Archives and Records Administration: 358th Infantry Regiment. Summary of Operations.
132 KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 1019.
133 Remer, B-838, p. 6.
134 National Archives and Records Administration: 358th Infantry Regiment. Summary of Operations.
135 Ibid.
136 Ibid.
137 Ibid.
138 Ibid.
139 Tiemann, p. 202.
140 National Archives and Records Administration: 358th Infantry Regiment. Summary of Operations.
141 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report 773rd T.D. Battalion Aug 44 - May 45. APO 604-U.
142 Schneider, Tigers in Combat, Vol. 1, p. 275.
143 Toland, Battle: The Story of the Bulge, p. 365.
144 MacDonald, United States Army in World War II European Theater of Operations: The Last Offensive, p. 49.
145 Wagner, 276. Volks-Grenadier-Division (21 January - 16 March 1945). B-444, p. 3.
146 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume II: The Americans, p. 169.
147 Bayerlein, Panzer Lehr Division (1 December 1944 – 26 January 1945). A-941, p. 84.
148 Veterans of the Battle of Bulge, Battle of the Bulge, p. 80.
149 MacDonald, p. 50.
150 Remer, B-838, p. 7.
151 Bayerlein, A-941, p. 85.
152 National Archives and Records Administration: 317th Inf, 80th Div. Crossing of the Sure River, the Capture of Hosingen. Date: 1st-27th Jan 1945. Combat Interview Major James Hayes, S-3, 317th Inf. 4th Feb 1945.
153 The Attack Will Go On: The 317th Infantry Regiment in World War II. A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University, by Dean James Dominique, 2003, p. 73. http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-0710103-051947/unrestricted/Dominique_thesis.pdf.
154 Kolb, The Ardennes-Offensive in the sector of the 9 Volks Gren Div (25 Dec 1944 until 25 Jan 1945), B-521, p. 26.
155 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/651. CX/MSS/T 437/3 West.
156 MacDonald, p. 451.
157 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 January, 1945. Headquarters 7th Armored Division. APO 257 U.S. Army.
158 Ibid.
159 Broumley, The Boldest Plan is the Best: The Combat History of the 509th Parachute Infantry Battalion during WW II, p. 264.
160 Ibid.
161 Sylvan and Smith, p. 268.
162 Kaschner, B-092., p. 8.
163 Moll, Bericht über den Einsatz der 18. V.G.D. in der Ardennen- Offensive (16.12.1944 bis 25.1.1945). B-734, p. 58.
164 KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 1353.
165 Ibid., p. 1354.
166 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/650. CX/MSS/T 435/60 West.
167 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/651. CX/MSS/T 401/16. BT 2998 West.
168 Col. William R. Carter, USAF, ”Air Power in the Battle of the Bulge: A Theater Campaign Perspective”. Airpower Journal, Winter 1989.
169 Rust, The 9th Air Force in World War II, p. 140.
170 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 479.
171 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 January, 1945. Headquarters 7th Armored Division. APO 257 U. S. Army.
172 Rust, p. 140.
173 Sylvan and Smith, p. 270.
174 Rust, p. 141.
175 Triepel, LVIII Panzer Corps. Ardennes Offensive, 1 November 1944 to 1 February 1945. B-506, p. 9.
176 Kurowski, Elite Panzer Strike Force: Germany’s Panzer Lehr Lehr Division in World War II, p. 199.
177 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 January, 1945. Headquarters 7th Armored Division. APO 257 U. S. Army.
178 Rust, p. 141.
179 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 482.
180 Sylvan and Smith, p. 270.
181 Craven and Cate (red.). Army Air Forces in World War II. Europe: Argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945, p. 705.
182 Brandenberger, Ardennes Offensive of Seventh Army (16 Dec 1944-25 Jan 1945). MS A-876, p. 148.
183 Gaul, The Battle of the Bulge in Luxembourg: The Southern Flank December 1944-January 1945. Volume II: The Americans, p. 192.
184 Sylvan and Smith, p. 270.
185 KTB OKW, vol. 8, pp. 1354-1355.
186 Sylvan and Smith, p. 271.
187 Wilson, If You Survive s. 235.
188 Rust, p. 142.
189 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/652. CX/MSS/T 439/62. BT 3285 West.
190 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/652. CX/MSS/T 439/40. BT 3269 West.
191 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/652. CX/MSS/T 441/10. BT 3410 West.
192 Rust, p. 142.
193 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/654. CX/MSS/R 441 (c) West.
194 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3. 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945, p. 415.
195 Ibid., p. 417.
196 Ibid., p. 419.
197 Ibid., p. 420.
198 Schrijvers, The Unknown Dead, pp. 338 and 357.
199 Bayerlein, Panzer Lehr Division (1 December 1944 – 26 January 1945). A-941, p. 85.
200 National Archives, Kew: Ultra files HW 5/654. CX/MSS/T 441/76 West; Delaforce, p. 311.
201 MacDonald, p. 63.
202 Sylvan and Smith, p. 280.
203 Ibid., p. 277.
204 Ibid.
205 Ibid., p. 281.
206 MacDonald, p. 67.
207 Ibid.
208 Sylvan and Smith, p. 284.
209 Ibid., p. 286.
210 Ibid.
211 Ibid.
Notes to The Ardennes Offensive—Final conclusions and results
1 Liddell Hart, På andra sidan kullen: tyska generaler om andra världskriget, p. 331.
2 Görlitz, Model: Der Feldmarschall und sein Endkampf an der Ruhr, p. 222.
3 von Manteuffel, Fifth Pz Army (11 Sep 44 - Jan 45). ETHINT-46, p. 9.
4 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 289.
5 Mellenthin, Panzer Battles p. 406.
6 Ibid.
7 Reichhelm, Report of Colonel (GSC) Reichhelm of the General Staff, concerning his activity as operations officer of Army Group B during operations in the West from fall 1944 to Spring 1945. A-925, p. 22.
8 Mellenthin, p. 406.
9 Gutmann, Ardennes Follow-Up: 2d Panzer Division (16-20 Dec 44 & 13-17 Jan 45). P-109e, p. 3.
10 Mellenthin, p. 408.
11 Westphal, Zimmermann and Zolling, Commander in Chief West - 34 Questions, 1 Sept - 8 May 1945. A-896, pp. 5-6.
12 Ibid.
13 Mellenthin, p. 408.
14 Schramm, The Preparations for the German Offensive in the Ardennes (Sep to Dec 1944). A-862, p. 118.
15 Mellenthin, p. 408.
16 Dietrich, Sixth Panzer Army, Ardennes. ETHINT-015, p. 26.
17 Parker, Battle of the Bulge, p. 289.
18 Via Richard C. Anderson.
19 Dugdale, Panzer Divisions, Panzer Grenadier Divisions, Panzer Brigades of the Army and the Waffen SS in the West Autumn 1944 – February 1945 - Ardennes and Nordwind – Their Detailed and Precise Strengths and Organisations, Volume I.
20 Schramm (red.), Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (henceforth KTB OKW), Vol. 7, pp. 439 and 445.
21 Via Richard C. Anderson Jr., historian and analyst working for the U.S. government.
22 Parker, p. 151.
23 Ibid.
24 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 670.
25 Weidinger, Einsatz in der Ardennen-Offensive vom 16.12.1944 bis 17.2.1945 der SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiments 4. P-109b, p. 20.
26 Cole, p. 666.
27 Stumpff, Tank Maintenance in the Ardennes. FMS # 61, p. 2-3.
28 Reichhelm, A-925, p. 24.
29 Thoholte, Army Group B Artillery, Ardennes. B-311, p. 10.
30 Parker, To Win the Winter Sky, p. 9.
31 Mellenthin, p. 410.
32 Rickard, Advance and Destroy: Patton as Commander in the Bulge (no page numbers).
33 Craven and Cate (red.), Army Air Forces in World War II. Europe: Argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945, p. 711.
34 Alfred Grislawski in interview with the author.
35 Cole, The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge, p. 667.
36 Schramm, A-858, p. 6.
37 Ibid., p. 7.
38 Ibid., p. 8.
39 von Gersdorff, Results of the Ardennes Offensive. A-933, pp. 1-2.
40 The Bulge Bugle, Volume XIII, No. 1, February 1994. www.veteransofthebattleofthebulge.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/1994-Feb.pdf. 15 July 2012.
41 Jung, Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944/45, p. 195.
42 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, Hitler’s Last Gamble, pp. 498-499.
43 End of a Bad Dream, i boken Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitaliserad till Internet av Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com/ 21 July 2010.
44 ULTRA BT 942, PRO 31/20. National Archive, Kew; Bennett, Ultra in the West, p. 218.
45 Rickard, Advance and Destroy: Patton as Commander in the Bulge (no page numbers).
46 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, ss.464ff.
47 Die Wehrmachtsberichte 1939-1945. Band 3: 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945. 3 January 1945, p. 388.
48 Schramm, A-858, p. 20.
49 Pogue, Pogue’s War: Diaries of a WWII Combat Historian, p. 328.
50 Pogue, United States Army in World War II: European Theater of Operations: The Supreme Command, p. 543.
51 National Archives and Records Administration: G-2 SHAEF to G-2 SHAEF, 2 Feb 45, SHAEF G-3 file Battle of the Ardennes. GCT/370-49/Ops A.
52 Rickard, Advance and Destroy: Patton as Commander in the Bulge (no page numbers).
53 Dupuy, Bongard, and Anderson, pp. 472ff.
54 Jung, p. 378.
55 KTB OKW, Vol. 8, p. 1362.
56 Kolb, The Ardennes-Offensive in the sector of the 9 Volks Gren Div (25 Dec 1944 until 25 Jan 1945). B-521, p. 35.
57 Remer, The Fuehrer Escort Brigade in the Ardennes Offensive (Part II). B-838, p. 18.
58 Cole, p. 656.
59 Thoholte, B-311, p. 9.
60 Remer, B-838, p. 18.
61 National Archives and Records Administration: Combat Interview: Lt Col Charles W Major, CO 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, Capt Herbert L. Little, S-3, 2d Bn 325th Glider Inf, 25 March 1945, p. 113.
62 KTB OKW, vol. 8, p. 1362.
63 Via Richard C. Anderson Jr., historian and analyst working for the U.S. government.
64 Patton, Mitt krig – minnen från andra världskriget, p. 179.
65 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 7th Armored Division, Period 1-31 December, 1944. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 7th Armored Division.
66 National Archives and Records Administration: After Action Report, 11th Armored Division, After Action Report 11th Armored Division, 23 December 1944 to 31 January 1945. Division Records, Entry 427, Record Group 407. File 607: 11th Armored Division.
67 G-3 SUPPLEMENT Official Record of Combat by Major Murray H. Fowler, Information and Education Officer of the 3rd Armored Division, i boken Spearhead in the West: Third Armored Division, digitalized by Staff, 3rd Armored Division History Website. www.3ad.com/ 21 July 2010.
68 Bauer, Ardenneroffensiven, p. 87.
69 Jentz, Germany’s Panther Tank, p. 152.
70 National Archives & Records Administration: Combat Interview, Maj Gen Troy H. Middleton, CG VIII Corps. Zeulenroda, Germany, 20 April 1945. RG 407, Box 24137, ML 130, pp. 1-2.
71 Jung, p. 195.
72 Anl. 4 zu Nr. 630/45 g.Kdos. Gen.Insp.d.Pz.Tr.: Panzerlage Ob. West. Stand: 5.2. 45.
73 The Dupuy Institute Forum. www.dupuyinstitute.org/ubb/Forum5/HTML/000010-3.html.
74 Tiemann, Die Leibstandarte, Band IV/2, p. 206.
75 von Manteuffel, Die 5. Panzer-Armee in der Ardennen- Offensive (16. Dezember 1944 bis 25. Januar 1945). B-151, p. 127.
76 Miles Krogfus, ”The Story of Das Reich Panzers”. AFV News, January 1987.
77 Remer, Fuehrer Begleit Brigade In the Ardennes. ETHINT-80, p. 13.
78 Remer, B-838, p. 18.
79 Hart and Hart, German Tanks of World War II.
80 Gooderson, Air Power at the Battlefront, p. 121.