APPENDIX

Decorations Awarded to USS Enterprise Dauntless Airmen for Action from December 7, 1941–June 6, 1942

KEY
MOH	Congressional Medal of Honor
NC	Navy Cross
DFC	Distinguished Flying Cross
AM	Air Medal
GS	Gold Star, in lieu of second or third award of same
LC	Navy Letter of Commendation

Bombing Squadron Six (VB-6) Commendations
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Anderson, Lt. Edward Lee	NC, AM
Anderson, ARM2c Edward Rutledge	DFC
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Arnold, Sea2c George H.	AM
Best, Lt. Richard Halsey	NC, DFC, LC
Blitch, Lt. (jg) John Devereux	DFC
Braun, Sea1c Eugene K.	DFC
Brost, RM3c Allen James	AM
Caruthers, AMM2c Herman Hull	AM
Check, Lt. (jg) Leonard Joseph	AM
Chocalousek, ACRM Walter George	DFC
Doherty, Ens. John Joseph	DFC, LC
Duncan, AMM2c Sherman Lee	DFC
Ely, Ens. Don Lelo	DFC
Garaudy, ARM1c Edward Joseph	AM
Goldsmith, Ens. George Hale	NC
Greene, Ens. Eugene Allen	NC
Halsey, Ens. Delbert Wayne	NC, AM
Halterman, ARM2c Gail Wayne	DFC
Heard, ARM2c Harold Francis	DFC
Hilbert, AOM3c Ernest Leonard	DFC
Bombing Squadron Six (VB-6) Commendations
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Hogan, Ens. Stephen Clement Jr.	NC
Holcomb, Ens. Keith Haven	AM
Holden, ARM2c Glen Lester	DFC
Hollingsworth, Lt. Cdr. William Right	NC, LC
Hopkins, Ens. Lewis Alexander	NC
Jenkins, RM3c Jay William	DFC
Jones, AOM3c Harold Llewellyn	AM
Keaney, Sea1c Lee Edward John	DFC
Kimberlin, AMM3c Milo L.	AM
Kroeger, Lt. (jg) Edwin John	NC, DFC
Lanham, Lt. Harvey Peter	DFC, AM
Mason, ARM2c Stuart James Jr.	DFC
McCauley, Lt. (jg) James Wickersham	DFC
McClusky, Lt. Cdr. Clarence Wade	NC, DFC
Muntean, RM3c Samuel Andrew	DFC
Murray, ACRM James Francis	DFC, AM
Nelson, ARM1c Harry William Jr.	DFC
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Patterson, ARM3c James William Jr.	DFC
Penland, Lt. Joe Robert	NC, AM
Ramsay, Ens. Thomas Wesley	NC
Rausch, Ens. Arthur Leo	DFC
Roberts, Lt. (jg) Wilbur Edison	NC, AM
Schneider, Ens. Tony Frederic	NC, AM
Smith, Lt. Lloyd Addison	DFC, AM
Steinman, AMM1c William Burr	DFC
Van Buren, Lt. (jg) John James	NC, DFC
Vandivier, Lt. (jg) Norman Francis	NC, AM
Varian, Ens. Bertram Stetson Jr.	NC
Walters, Ens. Clifford Raymond	AM
Weber, Ens. Frederick Thomas	NC, AM
Young, ARM3c Charles Robert	DFC
Young, Cdr. Howard Leyland	DFC
Scouting Squadron Six (VS-6) Commendations
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Adkins, AMM2c Floyd Delbert	DFC
Badgley, ACRM Jack Richard	AM
Bergin, RM1c William Hart	DFC
Bruce, Sea2c Thomas James	DFC
Clark, AMM2c Milton Wayne	AM
Craig, RM3c David Bruce	DFC
Dance, RM2c John Dewey	DFC
Deacon, Lt. (jg) Edward Thorpe	AM, LC
DeLuca, RM1c Joseph Ferdinand	DFC
Dexter, Ens. James Campbell	NC
Dickinson, Lt. Clarence Earle	NC, GS (2), AM
Dobson, Ens. Cleo John	DFC
Donnell, Ens. Earl Roe Jr.	AM
Fogg, Lt. (jg) Carleton Thayer	AM
Gaido, AMM1c Bruno Peter	DFC, LC
Gallaher, Lt. Wilmer Earl	NC, LC
Hansen, RM2c Louis Dale	DFC
Hoff, RM3c Donald Laurence	DFC
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Hopping, Lt. Cdr. Hallsted Lubeck	LC
Howell, ARM2c Earl Edward	DFC
Jaccard, Ens. Richard Alonzo	NC
Jeck, RM3c Frederick Charles	DFC
Kleiss, Lt. (jg) Norman Jack	NC, DFC
Lough, Ens. John Cady	NC
McCarthy, Ens. John Reginald	NC
Merritt, ACRM Thomas Edward	DFC
Micheel, Ens. Vernon Larsen	NC
Miller, ARM1c William Cicero	LC
O’Flaherty, Ens. Frank Woodrow	NC
Patriarca, Lt. Frank Anthony	DFC, AM
Peiffer, Ens. Carl David	NC
Pittman, Ens. William Robinson	NC
Pixley, ARM3c Porter William	DFC
Rodenburg, Ens. Eldor Ernst	DFC
Roberts, Ens. John Quincy	NC
Rutherford, Lt. Reginald	AM
Scouting Squadron Six (VS-6) Commendations
NAME, RANK/RATE	COMMENDATIONS
Seid, Ens. Daniel	AM
Shelton, Ens. James Arnold	NC
Snowden, RM2c John Warren	DFC
Stone, Ens. Reid Wenworth	NC, AM
Swindell, AOM1c Thurman Randolph	DFC
Teaff, Lt. (jg) Perry Lee	NC
Troemel, Lt. (jg) Benjamin Henry	AM
Vammen, Ens. Clarence Earl Jr.	DFC
Ware, Lt. Charles Rollins	NC
West, Lt. (jg) John Norman	NC, AM
West, Ens. William Price	LC

USS Yorktown (CV-5) SBD Commendations Bombing Squadron Three (VB-3) Bombing Squadron Five (VB-5) Scouting Squadron Five (VS-5)
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Adams, Lt. Samuel	VB-5, VS-5	NC, GS (2)
Ammen, Ens. John N., Jr.	VB-5	NC
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Bassett, AOM2c Clifton R.	VB-3	DFC
Bennett, ARM2c Donald Harmon	VB-3	DFC
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Benson, Ens. Robert Haines	VB-3	NC
Berg, ARM3c David Donald	VB-3	DFC
Bergeron, ARM3c Dallas Joseph	VB-3	DFC
Bergeron, ARM3c Frederick Paul	VB-3	DFC
Berry, Lt. (jg) David Render	VB-5	NC, GS (2)
Bottomley, Lt. Harold Sydney, Jr.	VB-3	NC
Butler, Ens. John Clarence	VB-3	NC
Campbell, Lt. (jg) Robert Keith	VB-3	NC, AM
Christie, Lt. (jg) William Francis	VB-5, VS-5	NC, GS
USS Yorktown (CV-5) SBD Commendations Bombing Squadron Three (VB-3) Bombing Squadron Five (VB-5) Scouting Squadron Five (VS-5)
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Clegg, ARM2c Earnest Alwyn	VS-5	DFC
Cobb, Ens. Philip Walker	VB-3	NC
Cooner, Ens. Bunyan Randolph	VB-3	NC
Coons, ARM1c Ray Edgar	VB-3	DFC
Cowden, ARM2c Harold R.	VB-5	DFC
Craig, ARM1c Horace Henry	VB-3	DFC
Dawn, ARM3c Grant Ulysses	VB-3	DFC
Dickson, Lt. Harlan Rockey	VB-5, VS-5	NC, GS
Elder, Ens. Robert Martin	VB-3	NC
Forshee, ARM3c Lynn Raymond	VB-5	DFC
Gallagher, ARM1c William Earl	VB-3	DFC
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Godfrey, ARM3c Joseph Vernon	VB-3	DFC
Guest, Lt. William Selman	VB-5	NC
Hanson, Ens. Alden Wilbur	VB-3	NC
Henning, ARM2c Jack Charles	VB-3	DFC, AM
Holmberg, Lt. (jg) Paul Algodte	VB-3	NC
Horenburger, Lt. (jg) Carl Herman	VS-5	NC
Isaman, Ens. Roy Maurice	VB-3	NC
Johnson, AMM1c David Frederick, Jr.	VB-3	DFC
Lane, Ens. Charles Smith	VB-3	NC
LaPlant, AMM2c George Albert	VB-3	DFC
Larsen, Ens. Leif Walther	VB-5	NC
USS Yorktown (CV-5) SBD Commendations Bombing Squadron Three (VB-3) Bombing Squadron Five (VB-5) Scouting Squadron Five (VS-5)
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Leslie, Lt. Cdr. Maxwell Franklin	VB-3	NC
Lynch, ARM2c Joseph Michael	VB-5, VS-5	DFC
McDowell, Lt. (jg) Henry Martin	VB-5, VS-5	NC, DFC
Merrill, Ens. Milford Austin	VB-3	NC
Neilsen, Lt. John Ludwig	VB-5	NC, GS
Phelps, ACRM Otto Russell	VB-5, VS-5	DFC
Schlegel, Ens. Paul Wahl	VB-3	NC
Sherwood, Lt. Gordon Alvin	VB-3	NC
Short, Lt. Wallace Clark, Jr.	VB-5, VS-5	NC, GS (2)
Shropshire, ARM2c Jack Alven	VB-3	DFC
Shumway, Lt. Dewitt Wood	VB-3	NC
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON(S)	COMMENDATIONS
Sobel, ARM1c Alvin Arthur	VB-5, VS-5	DFC
Straub, ARM1c Walter Dean	VB-5, VS-5	DFC
Till, RM3c Leslie Alan	VB-3	DFC
Trott, ACRM John W.	VB-5, VS-5	DFC
Weaver, ARM3c Sidney Kay	VB-3	DFC
Wiseman, Lt. (jg) Osborne Beeman	VB-3	NC
Zimmershead, AMM1c Clarence Eugene	VB-3	DFC Note: Commendations listed only for Yorktown aviators present at Midway.
USS Hornet (CV-8) SBD Commendations Bombing Squadron Eight (VB-8) Scouting Squadron Eight (VS-8)
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON	COMMENDATIONS
Bebas, Ens. Gus George	VB-8	DFC
Berthold, ARM3c William H.	VB-8	AM
USS Hornet (CV-8) SBD Commendations Bombing Squadron Eight (VB-8) Scouting Squadron Eight (VS-8)
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON	COMMENDATIONS
Broughton, ARM2c John B., Jr.	VB-8	AM
Bunch, ARM1c Kenneth Cecil	VS-8	AM
Canfield, ARM1c Donald L.	VB-8	DFC
Carter, Ens. William Douglas	VB-8	DFC
Christofferson, Ens. Frank E.	VB-8	DFC
Clanton, ACRM John L.	VB-8	AM
Davis, Lt. Ray	VS-8	DFC
Devoe, Ens. Augustus, Jr.	VS-8	DFC
Ferguson, ARM2c George E.	VB-8	DFC
Fisher, Ens. Clayton Evan	VB-8	NC
Grant, Ens. Philip Farnsworth	VB-8	DFC
Griswold, Ens. Don “T”	VS-8	DFC
Johnson, Lt. Cdr. Robert Ruffin	VB-8	DFC
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON	COMMENDATIONS
Kiley, ARM1c Clarence C.	VB-8	DFC
King, Ens. Joe W.	VB-8	NC
Kirkpatrick, Lt. (jg) Donald, Jr.	VS-8	DFC
Lynch, Lt. John Joseph	VB-8	NC
Manus, ARM3c David T.	VS-8	DFC
McCoy, ACRM Joseph G.	VS-8	AM
McEwen, ARM2c Richard C.	VS-8	DFC
Moore, Lt. Ben, Jr.	VS-8	NC
Mortensen, ARM1c Clyde S.	VB-8	DFC
Nickerson, Ens. Henry John	VB-8	NC
Parker, ARM2c Arthur M.	VS-8	DFC
Phillips, ACRM Ralph	VS-8	AM
Quillen, ARM3c Leroy	VB-8	AM
Riner, Ens. James Austin, Jr.	VB-8	DFC
USS Hornet (CV-8) SBD Commendations Bombing Squadron Eight (VB-8) Scouting Squadron Eight (VS-8)
NAME, RANK/RATE	SQUADRON	COMMENDATIONS
Ring, Cdr. Stanhope Cotton	CHAG	NC
Ringressy, RM3c Alfred W., Jr.	VB-8	AM
Rusk, Ens. Philip James	VS-8	DFC
Stebbins, Lt. Edgar Erwin	VS-8	DFC
Stokely, ARM1c George D.	VS-8	DFC
Tappan, Ens. Benjamin	VS-8	DFC
Tepas, Ens. Paul Edmond	VS-8	DFC
Tucker, Lt. Alfred Bland, III	VB-8	NC
Urban, ARM3c John Stephen	VS-8	DFC
Vose, Lt. James Everett	VB-8	DFC
Walsh, ARM3c Thomas	VS-8	DFC
White, Ens. Harold	VS-8	NC
Whitney, Lt. Laurens Adin	VS-8	DFC
Woods, ARM2c Wilbur L.	VB-8	DFC

SOURCES

My interest in the Pacific dive-bombers first came at an early age, when I read Walter Lord’s 1967 book on Midway, Incredible Victory. Twenty-five years after it was fought, Lord vividly described this crucial battle between aircraft carriers in which U.S. forces were “hopelessly outclassed” with “no right to win.” I was therefore fortunate while writing this book to be able to read through many of the original interviews he conducted during the early 1960s with Midway veterans.

A wealth of knowledge and material was shared by leading naval aviation historians and archivists. Among those I must thank for their advice and contributions are historian and aviation author Barrett Tillman, Ron Russell of the Midway Roundtable historical group, Arnie Olson of the Enterprise Foundation, and oral historian William J. Shinneman. James C. Sawruk—one of the leading researchers of the Dauntless aircrews of 1942—kindly shared some of his notes and research and fielded various questions along the way.

Alex D’Amore was a key assistant in researching and copying various documents in Washington. Much credit is due to Dr. Edward Furgol of the Washington Naval History and Heritage Command center for suggesting this tireless pursuer of vital papers. Tim Frank of the Naval History Center was invaluable in tracking down various SBD documents and the research of Walter Lord. James Scott, a fellow naval historian, went out of his way to help collect requested documents during his research visits to Washington.

From Pensacola’s Naval Aviation Museum, volunteers Bill Addison, Bob Ammann, and Theo Elbert in the Emil Buehler Library graciously scanned numerous pilot photos for use in this book. Video archivist Steve Heffernan allowed me to review the museum’s collection of audiotapes for interviews with SBD pilots. Elizabeth Novara assisted with the Gordon W. Prange Papers at the University of Maryland’s Hornbake Library. Naval aviation historian John Lundstrom kindly shared a Bureau of Aeronautics interview and helped me correct several facts while reading over the manuscript. In Midland, Texas, Keegan Chetwynd of the CAF Airpower Museum was key in helping to scan photos and reproduce recorded interviews with Dauntless veterans. Dr. Keith Huxen, the senior research director of the National World War II Museum in New Orleans, and Seth Paridon, his manager of research services, shared a few of the many thousands of World War II oral histories that Paridon and his team have tirelessly collected.

I am indebted to several key people who helped me shape the final manuscript. First is my friend and agent, Jim Donovan, who made sure that the narrative kept a proper pace throughout. I also want to thank my terrific editor at Penguin Books, Brent Howard, and his manuscript copy editor, Tiffany Yates, for their superb scrutiny of the names, facts, and dates.

Edith Weisheit allowed me to review her late husband’s research on the Hornet Air Group at the Battle of Midway. Families of many of the Dauntless crew contributed stories, photos, logbooks, wartime diaries, and memoirs. Namely they were Janice Anderson-Gram, Terry Tereskerz, Jane Kirshenbaum, Mary Birden, Henry Weinzapfel, Richard Roll, Marlene Meckenstock, Dennis Rodenburg, Mary Mason, Patrick Lombardi, and Troy T. Guillory Jr.

Finally, I must thank those who were there for sharing their memories. Contributing author Mark Horan had the pleasure of getting to know dozens of these Dauntless aviators. In addition to allowing me to review his correspondence and photo archives, Mark added many valuable personal stories to this manuscript that he gleaned from his time with these veterans. Most important, I must thank those who aided me directly with stories, answers, photos, and other memorabilia. They were Norman Jack “Dusty” Kleiss, Stanley “Swede” Vejtasa, Jack Leaming, Edward Anderson, Harold “Hal” Buell, Achilles Georgiou, Ronald Graetz, Milford A. Merrill, John Iacovazzi, Willard “Rocky” Glidewell, Fred Bergeron, Kenneth Garrigan, Thomas Ball, Oral “Slim” Moore, and Ray Johnston.

To these men and all of the Dauntless warriors involved in the first six months of the Pacific War, this book is dedicated.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTERVIEWS, ORAL HISTORIES, AND CORRESPONDENCE

CAF AMERICAN AIRPOWER HERITAGE MUSEUM,

THE ORAL HISTORY ARCHIVE, MIDLAND, TEXAS:

Wayne C. Colley (VS-2): 27 July 1991 interview with William J. Shinneman, transcript

Lt. Cdr. Robert D. Gibson, USNR (Ret.), 10 July 1993, interview with William J. Shinneman, transcript

Norman J. Kleiss (VS-6): 4 March 2004, interview with Margaret Cawood, transcript

Stuart J. Mason, Jr. (VB-6): 9 August 2000 interview with William J. Shinneman, transcript

Oral L. Moore (VB-8): audiotaped interview, unspecified date

Tony F. Schneider (VB-6): audiotaped interview, unspecified date

Capt. Stanley W. Vejtasa, USNR (Ret.), 7 October 2000, interview with William J. Shinneman, transcript

CENTRAL CALIFORNIA WAR VETERANS ORAL HISTORY PROJECT, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, FRESNO:

Donald L. Hoff (VS-6), 15 May 2010 interview with Valerie Nevens

MARK E. HORAN, PERSONAL INTERVIEWS

AND CORRESPONDENCE, AND OTHER ARCHIVES:

Floyd D. Adkins (VS-6), 23 October 1987

Edward L. Anderson (VB-6), 28 April 1987

Lt. Cdr. Richard H. Best (VB-6)

Capt. Harold S. Bottomley Jr. (VB-3)

Anthony W. Brunetti (VS-5), 21 August 1986

Harold L. Buell (VS-5, VB-5), 25 October 1986

William F. Christie (VS-5)

Capt. Ray Davis (VS-8), undated 1967 letter to Col. Robert E. Barde

Lt. Cdr. Joseph F. DeLuca (VS-6), 8 September 1987

Don L. Ely (VB-6), 3 January 1987

Edward J. Garaudy (VB-6), 30 December 1986

Capt. George H. Goldsmith (VB-6), 9 February 1987

Capt. Troy T. Guillory (VB-8), 27 April 1967 to Col. Robert E. Barde

Lewis A. Hopkins (VB-6), 28 February 1987

Harold L. Jones (VB-6), 22 December 1986

Cdr. Charles S. Lane (VB-3), 27 May 1987

John J. Lynch (VB-8), 1 June 1967 correspondence with Col. Robert E. Barde

John M. Lynch (VB-5, VS-5), 20 October 1986

Lt. Cdr. Stuart J. Mason (VB-6), 20 October 1987

John R. McCarthy (VS-6)

Capt. Vernon L. Micheel (VS-6)

Cdr. James F. Murray (VB-6)

Capt. Frank A. Patriarca (VS-6), 12 May 1987

Lt. Cdr. James W. Patterson (VB-6), 22 October 1986, 18 January 1987

Capt. Joe R. Penland (VB-6)

Capt. William R. Pittman (VB-6), 22 October 1986

Capt. Wilbur E. Roberts (VB-6)

Cdr. Eldor E. Rodenburg (VS-6), 1987

Capt. Tony F. Schneider (VB-6), 31 May 1966 with Col. Robert E. Barde

Lt. Cdr. Stephen Smith (VT-6)

Lt. Cdr. John W. Snowden (VS-6), 22 May 1987

James E. Vose, Jr. (VB-8), 9 January 1967 correspondence with Col. Robert E. Barde

WALTER LORD COLLECTION, INTERVIEWS DURING RESEARCH FOR INCREDIBLE VICTORY BOOK. OPERATIONAL ARCHIVES, NAVAL HISTORY AND HERITAGE COMMAND, WASHINGTON NAVY YARD, WASHINGTON,

D.C. SPECIFIC QUESTIONNAIRES, INTERVIEW NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE WITH SBD PILOTS AND GUNNERS THAT WERE REFERENCED:

Lt. J. Clark Barrett (VB-8)

Capt. Harold S. Bottomley Jr. (VB-3)

Eugene K. Braun (VB-6)

Capt. Norwood A. Campbell (Yorktown LSO)

Capt. Philip W. Cobb (VB-3)

Capt. Ray Davis (VS-8)

CWO-4 William E. Gallagher (VB-3)

Rear Adm. Wilmer E. Gallaher (VS-6)

Cdr. Joseph V. Godfrey (VB-3)

Capt. George H. Goldsmith (VB-6)

Capt. Troy T. Guillory (VB-8)

Capt. Alden W. Hanson (VB-3)

Rear Adm. Paul A. Holmberg (VB-3); also Holmberg narrative to Thaddeus V. Tuleja in Lord’s collection, 9 June 1958

Ralph B. Hovind (VS-8)

Rear Adm. Roy M. Isaman (VB-3)

Rear Adm. Robert R. Johnson (VB-8)

Cdr. R. H. Konig (VT-3)

Cdr. Charles S. Lane (VB-3)

Capt. Harvey P. Lanham (VB-6)

Rear Adm. Maxwell F. Leslie (VB-3)

Lt. Cdr. Stuart J. Mason (VB-6)

John R. McCarthy (VS-6)

Cdr. Milford A. Merrill (VB-3)

Capt. Vernon L. Micheel (VS-6)

Cdr. Corwin F. Morgan (VT-8)

Cdr. J. S. Morris (VT-6)

Capt. Frank A. Patriarca (VB-6)

Lt. Cdr. James W. Patterson (VB-6)

Capt. Joe R. Penland (VB-6)

Capt. William R. Pittman (VS-6)

Capt. Wilbur E. Roberts (VB-6)

Cdr. Eldor E. Rodenburg (VS-6)

Vice Adm. Walter G. Schindler (Yorktown)

Capt. Tony F. Schneider (VB-6)

Lt. Cdr. John W. Snowden (VS-6)

Cdr. Thomas J. Wood (VB-8)

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PACIFIC WAR, FREDERICKSBURG, TEXAS:

Frederick P. Bergeron (VB-3): 29 April 2004 interview

Richard H. Best (VB-6): 11 August 1995 interview

Lewis A. Hopkins (VB-6): 15 January 2004 interview

NATIONAL WORLD WAR II MUSEUM, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA:

Cdr. Milford Austin Merrill (VB-3), interview with Seth Paridon

Capt. Vernon L. Micheel (VS-6), interview with Seth Paridon

Capt. Tony F. Schneider (VB-6), 2007 interview with Seth Paridon

Vice Admiral Ralph Weymouth (VS-3), interview with Seth Paridon

NAVAL AVIATION MUSEUM FOUNDATION, PENSACOLA, FLORIDA, ORAL HISTORY COLLECTION:

Evan Peter Aurand (VS-2) and Marion Carl joint interview,

1 May 1988

Admiral Ralph W. Cousins (VB-2) interview, 18 October 1988

Robert M. Elder (VB-3) interview, 9 January 1989

GORDON W. PRANGE PAPERS, INTERVIEWS AND CORRESPONDENCE WITH MIDWAY VETERANS FOR MIRACLE AT MIDWAY BOOK, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, HORNBAKE LIBRARY, COLLEGE PARK:

Capt. Charlie N. “Tex” Conatser (VS-5) interview, 11 May 1966

Capt. Ray Davis (VS-8) to Robert E. Barde, 5 January 1967

Lt. (jg) Cleo J. Dobson (VS-6) diary, 1942

Robert Edward Laub (VT-6) interview, 13 May 1966

RADM Clarence Wade McClusky (CEAG) interview, 30 June 1966

Capt. Joe R. Penland (VS-6) interview, 18 May 1966

RADM Walter F. Rodee (VS-8) to Robert E. Barde, 18 October 1966

RADM Wallace C. Short (VS-5) interview, 24 May 1966

Lt. Cdr. Stephen Smith (VT-6) to Robert E. Barde, 3 February 1967

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED BY JAMES C. SAWRUK. RELEVANT INFORMATION SHARED WITH AUTHOR VIA E-MAILS IN FEBRUARY 2012:

James H. Cales (VS-5)

Floyd E. Moan (VB-5)

Capt. Arthur J. Schultz Jr. (VS-2)

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED BY MAJOR BOWEN P. WEISHEIT, USMCR (RET.). TRANSCRIPTS COURTESY OF EDITH WEISHEIT:

Walter F. Rodee (VS-8): 1981

Benjamin Tappan (VS-8): 1981

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED BY THE AUTHOR:

Anderson, Edward R. (VB-6). Telephone interview, 12 January 2011

Armstrong, Robert B. (Nephew of VB-5 skipper Robert G. Armstrong). E-mail correspondence, photos, and biography of Armstrong provided to author on 6 March 2011

Bergeron, Frederick P. (VB-3). Telephone interview, 4 February 2011, and subsequent follow-up conversations and e-mail correspondence

Buell, Harold L. (VS-5). Telephone interviews, 9 January and 8 February 2011, and additional correspondence

Georgiou, Achilles A. (VB-6). Telephone interview, 2 March 2011

Graetz, Ronald W. (VT-6). Telephone interview, 14 January 2011, and subsequent correspondence and e-mail

Guillory, Troy T., Jr. (Son of VB-8 pilot). Telephone interview, 4 April 2012

Hoff, Donald A. (Son of VS-6 gunner). Telephone interview, 2 December 2012, and additional correspondence

Iacovazzi, John M. (VB-5, VS-5). Telephone interview, 25 January 2011

Johnston, Earnest Ray (VS-8). Telephone interviews, 3 June and 20 June 2011

Kleiss, Norman J. (VS-6). Telephone interviews of 5 January 2011, 27 September 2012, 2 December 2012, and additional correspondence

Leaming, Jack (VS-6). Telephone interview, 6 January 2011

Mason, Mary (daughter of VB-6 gunner Allen Brost). E-mail correspondence of 17 March 2011

Merrill, Milford A. (VS-6, VB-3). Telephone conversation, 15 January 2011

Moore, Oral L. (VB-8). Telephone interview, 2 June 2011

Tereskerz, Terry L. (Son of VS-8 gunner John L. Tereskerz). Telephone interview, 20 June 2011

Vejtasa, Stanley W. (VS-5). Telephone interview, 7 January 2011

WORLD WAR II DATABASE:

Gallaher, Rear Adm. Wilmer Earl. “Interview with Earl Gallaher,” 4 June 1992, conducted by Jim Bresnahan. Accessed http://ww2db.com/doc.php?q=403 on 14 July 2012

OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS, STATEMENTS

Best, Lt. R. H, “Attack on Taroa Island, Maloelap Atoll, 1 February 1942 by nine bomber land planes.”

Bombing Squadron Eight (VB-8) War Diary, April–June 1942.

Corl, Mach. Harry Lee. Statement of 15 June 1942.

CTF-17 to CINCPAC, “The Battle of the Coral Sea, May 4–8, 1942” (27 May 1942).

Dickinson, Lt. C. E., Jr. Bureau of Aeronautics interview of 10 July 1942, National Archives, courtesy of John Lundstrom.

Enterprise Air Group Action Reports: 7 December 1941 (including individual pilot statements); “Report of action on February 1, 1942 against Marshall Island Group.”

Gallaher, Lt. W. E. Scouting Six Task Organization and Availability of Pilots and Aircraft, 23 February 1942 (Wake Island strike); Scouting Squadron Six action report, 25 February 1942 (Wake Island strike); Scouting Six Report of Attack on Marcus Island, 5 March 1942.

Hollingsworth, Lt. Cdr. W. R. Bombing Squadron Six action reports: 25 February 1942 “Attack on Wake Island” report; “Flight Leader’s Report of Dawn Attack on Kwajalein Atoll, 1 February 1942”; “Flight Leader’s Report of Attack on Maloelap at 1030, 1 February 1942, by Nine SBDs”; “Attack on Marcus Island,” 4 March 1942.

McCauley, Cdr. James W. Navy Department Interview of 23 June 1945, rough transcript. Smooth transcript version of 27 July 1945 also reviewed. Office of Naval Records and Library, National Archives.

McClusky, C. Wade. “Battle of Midway.” Recollections of 4 June 1942 mission as presented by Arnold Olson, Public Affairs Officers, USS Enterprise CV-6 Association. Accessed at http://www.cv6.org /company/accounts/wmcclusky/ on 4 January 2011.

Mitscher, Capt. M. A. “Report of Action—4–6 June 1942.”

Quillen, Leroy, ARM3c, U.S. Navy. Statement of Bombing Squadron Eight On First Flight, June 4, 1942, Search in Plane 8-B-2 (June 5, 1942).

Shumway, Lt. D. W. “Report of Action, Period 4 June 1942 to 6 June 1942, inclusive.” Bombing Squadron Three action report, 10 June 1942.

Strong, Lt. Cdr. Stockton B. Bureau of Aeronautics interview of 3 August 1943, Office of Naval Records and Library, National Archives, Record Group 38, Box 26. Courtesy of James M. Scott.

ARTICLES / MEMOIRS / REPORTS

“Alumnus Tells of Adventures at Charleston,” Alton Evening Telegraph, August 8, 1942, 1.

Anderson, Edward Rutledge. “War Diary of Edward Rutledge Anderson, RM3/c U.S.N.R., Bombing Squadron Six, USS Enterprise.” Courtesy of his daughter, Janice Anderson-Gram, along with her father’s flight log.

Armstrong, Robert Bryan. “Armstrong, Robert Gordon. 1904–1980.” Privately published biography of Captain Armstrong written by his nephew, August 2007.

Bridgers, John D., M.D. “On the Traveling Squad E-Base, Doolittle & Midway, 1941–1942.” Privately published “Memoirs and Personal Remembrances.” Accessed http://tkjk.net/Bridgers/NavyYears/OnTheTravelingSquad.html on 5 February 2011.

Brost, Allen J. Narrative of action with VB-6. Accessed http://www.veteraneyes.com/pages/allen_brost.php?section=island on 4 April 2011.

Childers, LCol. Lloyd, USMC (Ret), PhD. “Midway from the Backseat of a TBD.” The Hook, Vol. 18, August 1990, 36–38.

Cressman, Robert J. “Blaze of Glory: Charlie Ware and the Battle of Midway.” The Hook, Vol. 24, Issue 1 (Spring 1996), 24–29.

Cressman, Robert J. “Dauntless in War: Douglas SBD-2 BuNo 2106.” Naval Aviation News, Vol. 96, Issue 5 (Jul/Aug. 1994), 24.

“Defense: Mr. Pacific.” Time, January 6, 1961. Accessed http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,874242-3,00.html#ixzz1DG mMBQvx on 7 February 2011.

“Describes Sinking of Jap Aircraft Carrier in Pacific.” Joplin News Herald, November 12, 1942, 7.

“Dive-bomber Pilots Hold a Reunion.” Joplin Globe, July 1, 1942, 7.

“Edward Rutledge Anderson: The Anderson Family Book of Memories.” Privately published in April 2013 by his daughters, Janice Anderson-Gram and Gretchen Wilkinson.

“Ensign’s Absentmindedness Sends Jap Destroyer to Bottom.” Lowell Sun, July 2, 1942, 49.

Esders, Cdr. Wilhelm G., USN (Ret.). “Torpedo Three and the Devastator: A Pilot’s Recollection.” The Hook, Vol. 18, August 1990, 35–36.

“Family Reunion on Father’s Day.” Clovis News-Journal, June 22, 1942, 6.

“Flier Describes Bursting of Bomb. Plane Carrier Hit by California Boy.” Reno Evening Gazette, 16 June 1942, 1.

“Flier Describes Carrier Attack. Zeros Fail to Stop Him.” Reno Evening Gazette, July 2, 1942, 6.

Forshee, Lynn R. “Standby! Mark!” An Autobiography by WWII Naval Aviator. Privately published, 2004. Accessed http://www.forshee.0sites.org/index.shtml on 12 January 2011.

Gallaher, Earl. “I Remember Pearl Harbor.” Unpublished memoirs of World War II and Midway. Walter Lord Incredible Victory archives. Naval Historical Center.

Gee, Capt. Roy P. “Remembering Midway.” Article written in 2003 for the Battle of Midway Roundtable.

Graetz, Ronald. “Memories from Navy Days.” Memoirs of service with Torpedo Squadron Six, courtesy of Ron Graetz.

Hackett, Bob, Sander Kingsepp and Peter Cundall, “IJN Subchaser CH-51: Tabular Record of Movement.” Accessed http://www.combinedfleet.com/Shisaka_t.htm on 21 August 2009.

“His Torpedo Plane Pierced by 68 Bullets at Midway. Pilot Stephen Smith Returns for First Visit in 14 Months.” Mason City Globe-Gazette, July 6, 1942, 8.

Horan, Mark E. “The Last Flight of Charles Rollins Ware.”

“John Doherty and Bombing Six.” Accessed http://www.cv6.org/company/accounts/jdoherty/ on 8 January 2011.

“Kingsport, Va., Youth Vividly Tells of Jap Plane Attack.” Kingsport (TN) Times, August 4, 1942, 1.

Kleiss, Capt. Jack “Dusty,” USN (Ret.). “History from the Cockpit: Reflections of a World War II U.S. Navy Dive-bomber Pilot.” The Daybook (Hampton Roads Naval Museum), 2012 Vol. 15, Issue 4.

Kleiss, Lt. (jg) N. J. “VS-6 Log of the War. Personal Diary, and USS Enterprise Orders of a Scouting Six SBD Dive-bomber Pilot, Pearl Harbor Attack through the Battle of Midway.” Privately published.

Lane, Marica. “Veteran Recounts Service on USS Enterprise.” St. Augustine (FL) Times, April 24, 2006. Accessed http://staugustine.com/stories/042406/news_3789710.shtml on 27 December 2011.

Lee, Clark. “Ex Indiana School Teacher Dive-bombs Japs, Likes It.” Charleston Gazette, June 13, 1942, 1–2.

“Lieut. Tepas, Home After Crusoe Adventure, Is City’s First to Win Flying Medal.” Portsmouth (OH) Times, 17 December 1942, 1–2.

Linder, Capt. Bruce R. “Lost Letter of Midway.” Proceedings, August 1999, 29–35.

Lundstrom, John B. and James C. Sawruk. “Courage and Devotion to Duty. The SBD Anti-torpedo Plane Patrol in the Coral Sea, 8 May 1942.” The Hook, Winter 1988, 24–37.

Mason, Robert. “Eyewitness.” Proceedings, June 1982, 40–42.

McCaul, Ed. “Dive-bomber at Midway.” Military History 19(2): 42–48 June 2002.

McPherson, Lt. I. H. “I Fly For the Navy.” Salt Lake Tribune, December 7, 1942, A-5–6; 9 December 1942, A-11; December 13, 1942, A-23; December 20, 1942, A-19; December 27, 1942, A-15; January 3, 1943, A-21; January 10, 1943, A-15.

Murray, Cdr. James F., USN (Ret.). Bombing Squadron Six in Action: A Radio-gunner Looks Back. Unpublished memoirs, 1986, Naval Library.

———. “Midway: The View from a Bombing Six Rear Seat.” The Hook, 17:1, Spring 1989, 40–47.

“Navy Gunner Gets Award, Tells of Lively Fight.” The Helena Independent, November 25, 1942, 1.

“Nips Boasted Japan Bomb-proof Just as Tokyo Raid Was Begun.” Charleston Gazette, April 24, 1943, 2.

“Oakland Flier Drifts 17 Days in Rubber Boat; Fails to Thumb Ride on Passing Jap Submarine.” Oakland Tribune, 9 September 1942.

Orr, Timothy, Ph.D., and Laura Orr. “Jack ‘Dusty’ Kleiss and the Battle of Midway.” The Daybook (Hampton Roads Naval Museum), 2012 Vol. 15, Issue 4.

Roberts, Rear Adm. Wilbur E., USNR (Ret.). “Air Raid on Pearl Harbor X This is No Drill.” Unpublished memoirs of 7 December 1941, courtesy of Mark Horan Papers.

———. “Many Planes Heading Midway.” Unpublished memoirs of 4 June 1942, courtesy of Mark Horan Papers.

Rodenburg, Dennis. Eldor E. Rodenburg, Lieutenant Commander, U.S.N.R. World War II Dive-bomber Pilot and Landing Signal Officer. Privately published. Courtesy of Dennis Rodenburg.

Schneider, Tony F. 1999 correspondence with Daniel Rush. Accessed http://www.cv6org/company/accounts/jdoherty/jdoherty–2.htm on 8 January 2011.

Tillman, Barrett. “Where Are They Now? Bob Elder.” The Hook, Fall 1989, 12–17.

“Two Lisbon, N.D. Youths Honored. Tell of Sinking Enemy U-Boat and Big Jap Carrier.” Bismarck Tribune, 25 June 1942, 1, 3.

“Wait Irked Utahn in Coral Battle,” Salt Lake Tribune, June 21, 1942, 2B.

Woodson, ATC Richard T. “In the Rear Seat at Midway and Santa Cruz.”

“Wounded Pilot Tells of Coral Sea Battle.” Salt Lake Tribune, July 6, 1942, 6, 16.

“Yank Flyers Forced Down Aided by Island Natives.” News Palladium (Benton Harbor, MI), August 27, 1942, 1.

VIDEO

Glidewell, Willard E. (VS-5). Oral history videotaped in 2006, Veterans History Project, Library of Congress.

Hilton, Hart Dale. University of Southern California Living History Project, 1978 videotaped interview.

Hoff, Donald L. “Vengeance at Midway.” History Channel, Battle 360, Episode 2.

BOOKS

Ambrose, Hugh. The Pacific. New York: NAL Caliber, 2010.

Belote, James H., and William M. Belote. Titans of the Seas: The Development and Operations of Japanese and American Carrier Task Forces During World War II. New York: Harper & Row, 1975.

Buell, Harold L. Dauntless Helldivers: A Dive-Bomber Pilot’s Epic Story of the Carrier Battles. New York: Orion Books, 1991.

Cohen, Stan. East Wind Rain: A Pictorial History of the Pearl Harbor Attack. Missoula, MT: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 1994.

Cressman, Robert. With Steve Ewing, Barrett Tillman, Mark Horan, Clark Reynolds, and Stan Cohen. “A Glorious Page in Our History.” The Battle of Midway, 4–6 June 1942. Missoula, MT: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 1990.

Cressman, Robert. A Magnificent Fight: Marines in the Battle for Wake Island. United States Government Printing, 1993.

Cressman, Robert J., and Michael Wenger. Steady Nerves and Stout Hearts: The Enterprise (CV6) Air Group and Pearl Harbor, 7 December 1941. Missoula, MT: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 1989.

Cressman, Robert. That Gallant Ship: U.S.S. Yorktown (CV-5). Missoula, MT: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 1985. Second printing, 1989.

Cummings, J. Glenn. Trailing a Texas Eagle: The Life and Legacy of Lt. Commander Harry Brinkley Bass. Virginia Beach: The Donning Company Publishers, 2010.

Dickinson, Clarence E. The Flying Guns: Cockpit Record of a Naval Pilot from Pearl Harbor through Midway. Washington: Zenger Publishing Co., Inc., 1942. Reprint, 1980.

Fisher, Cdr. Clayton E., USN (Ret.). Hooked: Tales & Adventures of a Tailhook Warrior. Denver: Outskirts Press, Inc., 2009.

Frank, Pat, and Joseph D. Harrington. Rendezvous at Midway: U.S.S. Yorktown and the Japanese Carrier Fleet. New York: The John Day Company, 1967.

Griffin, Alexander. A Ship to Remember: The Saga of the Hornet. New York: Howell, Soskin, Publishers, 1943.

Hoehling, A. A. The Lexington Goes Down: The Last Seven Hours of a Fighting Lady. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1971.

Hoyt, Edwin P. Blue Skies and Blood: The Battle of the Coral Sea. New York: Paul S. Eriksson, Inc., 1975.

Johnston, Stanley. Queen of the Flat-Tops. New York: Bantam Books, 1942. Eleventh printing, 1979.

Kleiss, Lt. (jg) N. J. “Dusty.” VS-6 Log of the War. Privately published.

Leaming, Jack. Scouting Squadron Six: A Personal Story from the Radio-Gunner of 6-S-7. Hawaii: Personal History Series, 2010.

Lord, Walter. Day of Infamy. New York: Bantam Books, 1957. Twenty-third printing, 1978.

———. Incredible Victory. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.

Ludlow, Stuart D. (Ex-lieutenant, AVS, USNR). They Turned the War around at Coral Sea and Midway. Going to War with Yorktown’s Air Group Five. Bennington, VT: Merriam Press, 2003.

Lundstrom, John B. Black Shoe Carrier Admiral: Frank Jack Fletcher at Coral Sea, Midway, and Guadalcanal. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2006.

———. The First Team: Pacific Naval Air Combat from Pearl Harbor to Midway. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1984.

McEniry, Colonel John Howard Jr. A Marine Dive-bomber Pilot at Guadalcanal. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, 1987.

Mears, Lieut. Frederick. Carrier Combat: Battle Action with an American Torpedo Plane Pilot. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran and Co., Inc., 1944.

Mrazek, Robert J. A Dawn like Thunder: The True Story of Torpedo Squadron Eight. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2008.

Nesmith, Jeff. No Higher Honor: The U.S.S. Yorktown at the Battle of Midway. Atlanta: Longstreet, 1999.

Ostlund, Mike. Find ’Em, Chase ’Em, Sink ’Em: The Mysterious Loss of the WWII Submarine USS Gudgeon. Guilford, CT: The Lyons Press, 2006.

Parshall, Jonathan and Anthony Tully. Shattered Sword: The Untold Story of the Battle of Midway. Washington: Potomac Books, 2007.

Prange, Gordon W., with Donald M. Goldstein and Katherine V. Dillon. Miracle at Midway. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1982.

Reynolds, Clark G., The Fighting Lady: The New Yorktown in the Pacific War. Missoula, MT: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 1993 (third printing).

Reynolds, Clark G., and E. T. Stover. The Saga of Smokey Stover. Charleston: Tradd Street Press, 1978.

Russell, Ronald W. No Right to Win: A Continuing Dialogue with Veterans of the Battle of Midway. New York: iUniverse, Inc., 2006.

Smith, Peter C. Midway: Dauntless Victory. South Yorkshire, England: Pen & Sword Maritime, 2007.

Stafford, Cdr. Edward P., U.S.N. The Big E: The Story of the USS Enterprise. New York: Random House, Inc., 1962.

Symonds, Craig L. The Battle of Midway. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

Tillman, Barrett. The Dauntless Dive-bomber of World War II. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1976. Sixth printing, 1989.

———. Enterprise: America’s Fightingest Ship and the Men Who Helped Win World War II. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2012.

Weisheit, Bowen P., Major, USMCR (Ret.). The Last Flight of Ensign C. Markland Kelly, Junior, USNR. Baltimore: The Ensign C. Markland Kelly Jr., Memorial Foundation, Inc., 1993. Second edition, 1996.