CHAPTER NINE

THE SEPARATIST EMPIRES

THE ROMANO-GALLIC EMPIRE A.D. 260ñ274

Postumus, A.D. 260ñ369

Examples of obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG

 

IMP C POSTVMVS PIVS F AVG

 

IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG

 

IMP POSTVMVS AVG

 

POSTVMVS AVG

 

POSTVMVS PIVS AVG

Except where noted, busts are right-facing, laureate, often draped and/or cuirassed.

Claudius II (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2376

AV Medallion of 8-Aurei obv Laur., cuir, bust r. rev CONCORDIA EXERCITVS, Concordia stg. facing, hldg. two standards with eagles. RIC 1.

7000ñ10,000

15,000ñ20,000

30,000ñ50,000

2377

AV Aureus

1000ñ1500

2000ñ3000

5000ñ7500

2378

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad. bust r.

ó

5ñ15

20ñ14

2379

ó obv Rad. half-bust 1., hldg. spear and/or shield

15ñ25

20ñ40

100ñ150

2380

ó rev ADVENTVS AVG, Claudius II on horseback 1., saluting. RIC 13.

15ñ25

20ñ40

100ñ150

2381

ó rev DACIA FELIX, Dacia stg. 1., hldg. ass-headed staff. RIC 143.

15ñ25

30ñ50

150ñ200

2382

ó rev DEO CABIRO, one of the Cabiri stg., hldg. hammer and nails. RIC 204.

20ñ40

70ñ100

200ñ300

2383

ó rev REGI ARTIS, one of the Cabiri stg., hldg. hammer and tongs. RIC 215.

20ñ40

70ñ100

200ñ300

Postumus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2521

AV Aureus

2000ñ3000

5000ñ7500

12,000ñ18,000

2522

ó obv Helm., cuir, bust 1. of Postumus rev Various types. RIC 3ff.

3000ñ5000

6000ñ10,000

20,000ñ35,000

2523

ó obv Laur., cuir, bust 1. rev AETERNITAS AVG, three young, rad. hds., ctr. one facing, the other two at the sides, confr. RIC 18.

ó

ó

ó

2524

ó obv Jugate, laur. hds. r. of Postumus and Hercules rev HERCVLI LIBVCO, Hercules strangling Antaeus. RIC 273. N ote: One of several aurei of Postumus depicting the labors of Hercules.

4000ñ6000

8,000ñ12,000

30,000ñ50,000

2525

ó obv Bare-headed bust nearly fully facing, his cuir, torso at an angle rev INDVLG PIA POSTVMI AVG, Postumus std. 1., on curule chair, kneeling suppliant before. RIC V, pt. II, p. 359, 277. Note: This impressive bust also occurs as a reverse type (RIC 280).

ó

ó

ó

Postumus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2526

ó rev LIBERALITAS AVG, Postumus std. 1. on platform with lictor and Liberalitas stg. beside, citizens below. RIC 27ñ8.

2000ñ3000

6000ñ10,000

20,000ñ30,000

2527

ó rev P M TR P COS P P, rad. lion adv. 1., thunderbolt in jaws. RIC 1.

2000ñ3000

5000ñ8000

20,000ñ30,000

2528

ó rev VIRTVS EXERCITVS, pile of arms and armor. RIC 44.

2000ñ3000

5000ñ8000

20,000ñ30,000

2529

AV Quinarius

1500ñ2000

4000ñ6000

ó

2530

ó obv Helm., cuir. bust 1. rev QVINQ VENN ALES AVG, Victory stg. r., foot on helmet, inscr. V X or Q on shield. RIC 50.

1500ñ2000

5000ñ8000

 

2531

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad. bust r. Illustrated p. 469.

ó

5ñ15

30ñ50

2532

ó As prev., but from early in reign and of higher silver content (about 20%).

5ñ15

15ñ25

50ñ75

2533

ó obv Rad. bust 1. with club and lionís skin at shoulder rev Various types. RIC 292ff.

20ñ40

100ñ150

250ñ350

2534

ó rev C C A A COS IIII or COL CL AGRIP COS IIII, Aequitas stg. 1., hldg. scales and cornucopia. RIC 285ñ6. Note: The inscription names the mint-city Cologne (Colonia Claudia Agrippina Augusta).

70ñ100

200ñ300

900ñ1200

2535

ó rev DIANE REDVCI, Diana adv. r., hldg. bow and leading stag. RIC 300.

20ñ40

100ñ150

250ñ350

2536

ó rev IOVI VICTORI, Jupiter adv. 1., hldg. scepter and thunderbolt, C A in field. RIC 311. Note: The C A is a mint mark for Cologne.

70ñ100

200ñ300

900ñ1200

2537

ó rev PACATOR ORBIS, rad., dr. bust r. of Sol. RIC 317.

20ñ40

100ñ150

200ñ300

2538

ó rev SALVS PROVINCIARVM, the Rhine reel. RIC 87.

20ñ40

50ñ75

100ñ150

2539

Billon Denarius

200ñ300

700ñ1000

1500ñ2000

2540

ó obv Jugate, laur. busts 1. of Postumus and Hercules rev CASTOR, Castor, hldg. spear, stg. next to horse. RIC 335.

400ñ600

1000ñ1500

ó

2541

ó obv As prev. rev HERCVLIIMMORTALI, Hercules hldg. club and lionís skin, dragging Cerberus. RIC 347. Note: From a series of denarii of Cologone honoring Hercules on the obverse and reverse.

400ñ600

1250ñ1750

 

Postumus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2542

ó As 2527. RIC 95.

250ñ350

900ñ1200

ó

2543

Billon Quinarius

200ñ300

500ñ800

1500ñ2000

2553

Postumus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2544

Æ Double' Sestertius obv Rad. hd. r.

30ñ50

200ñ300

700ñ1000

2545

ó rev FELICITA(S) on architrave of decorated triumphal arch, AVG in ex. RIC 118ñ9.

250ñ350

900ñ1200

ó

2546

ó rev FELICITAS AVG (SC) or GERMANICVS MAX V, trophy betw. two captives. RIC 120,9.

70ñ100

400ñ600

900ñ1200

2547

ó rev HER(C) DEVSONIENS(I) or PACIFERO, Hercules stg., hldg. various implements, AVG sometimes in ex. RIC 13Off.

100ñ150

700ñ1000

 

2548

ó rev HERCVLI MAGVSANO, Hercules stg. r., leaning on club with lionís skin set on rock. RIC 139.

100ñ150

700ñ1000

 

2549

ó rev VICTORIA GERMANICA SC, Victory adv. r., hldg. wreath and palm branch. RIC 177.

70ñ100

400ñ600

900ñ1200

2550

Æ Sestertius Note: The five issues below also occur as double-sestertii.

30ñ50

150ñ200

400ñ600

2551

ó rev ADVENT VS AVG SC, Postumus on horseback 1., hldg. spear and raising r. hand. RIC 115.

100ñ150

700ñ1000

ó

2552

ó rev EXERCITVS AVG SC, Postumus on horseback 1., addressing three soldiers who hold standards. RIC 116.

250ñ350

900ñ1200

 

2553

ó rev LAETITIA (SC), galley with rowers, AVG sometimes in ex. RIC 142ff. Note: The galley sometimes has a steersman or a mast (rarely with a sail).

50ñ75

250ñ350

700ñ1000

2554

ó rev RESTITVTOR GALLIAR SC, Postumus stg. 1., hldg. spear and raising kneeling fig. of Gaul hldg. a branch. RIC 157ñ9.

100ñ150

400ñ600

ó

Postumus (as Augustus)

F

VF

chVF

2555

ó rev VICTO RK A or AE) AVG (SC), two Victories stg., placing shield on palm tree; two captives std. at base. RIC 166ñ8.

30ñ50

150ñ200

400ñ600

2556

Æ Dupondius obv Rad. hd. r.

30ñ50

150ñ200

400ñ600

2557

ó rev Better types (most every type listed above for double-sestertii and sestertii occur) RIC 186ñ241.

70ñ100

300ñ400

700ñ1000

2558

Æ As

30ñ50

150ñ200

400ñ600

2559

ó rev FIDES EXERCITVS, four standards, one being a legionary eagle. RIC 244.

50ñ75

300ñ400

ó

2560

ó rev I O M SPONSORI SAECVLI AVG, Jupiter Optimus Maximus stg. at 1., hldg. thunderbolt and scepter, facing Postumus, stg. at r., sacrificing from patera over tripod. RIC 248.

100ñ150

700ñ1000

ó

2561

ó rev SAECVLI FRVGIFERO, winged caduceus. RIC 240.

50ñ75

400ñ600

ó

2562

ó rev VIRTVS POSTVMI AVG, Hercules capturing stag. RIC 253.

100ñ150

700ñ1000

ó

Aureolus, A.D. 267(?)ñ268

ALLY OF POSTUMUS

Obverse inscriptions:

Postumus:

IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG

 

IMP (C) POST VM VS AVG

Aureolus (striking in the name of Postumus)

F

VF

EF

2563

AV Aureus obv Rad. hd. r. of Postumus, dr. or dr. and cuir, rev Various types. RIC V, pt. II, p. 367, 366ñ9. Note: All seemingly struck with doubledenarius dies; one laureate issue is suspect.

1500ñ2000

4000ñ6000

10,000ñ15,000

2564

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad. hd. r. of Postu-mus, dr. or dr. and cuir, rev Various types. RIC 37089. Illustrated above.

20ñ40

50ñ75

100ñ150

Note: Aureolus struck at Milan in the name of Postumus, with whom he seems to have had a pact. The officina markers P, S or T often appear in the exergue on the reverse, and most of the reverse inscriptions end with AEQVIT, EQVIT or EQVITVM (for example: CO N CORD AEQVIT, FIDES EQVIT or VIRTVS EQVITVM). See his Numismatic Notes for details.

Laelianus, A.D. 269

Obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

IMP C VLP COR LAELIANVS

 

IMP (C) LAELIANVS P F AVG

The bust is right-facing, laureate, cuirassed and/or draped.

Laelianus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2565

AV Aureus

7000ñ10,000

20,000ñ30,000

60,000+

2566

ó rev TEMPORVM FELICITAS, Hispania reel. 1., hldg. branch, rabbit at her side. RIC V, pt. II, p. 372, 1. Note: This reverse type of Hispania is one of several pieces of evidence indicating Laelianus was of Spanish origin.

8000ñ12,000

25,000ñ30,000

75,000+

2567

Billo Illustrated above.

100ñ150

300ñ400

700ñ1000

2568

Billon Denarius rev VIRTVS MILITVM, Virtus stg. 1., hldg. spear and standard (ensign) inscr. XXX. RIC 10. Note: The inscription on the ensign alludes to the Legion XXX Ulpia Victrix, which was stationed on the Rhine in Lower Germany.

ó

ó

ó

Marius, A.D. 269

Obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

IMP C M AVR MARIVS (P F) AVG

 

IMP C MARIVS P F AVG

Except where noted, the bust is right-facing, laureate, draped and/or cuirassed.

Marius (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2569

AV Aureus

7000ñ10,000

20,000ñ30,000

60,000+

2570

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad. hd. r. Illustrated above.

70ñ100

200ñ300

400ñ600

2571

ó rev CONCORD(IA or IAE) MILIT(VM), clasped hands. RIC V, pt. II, p. 377, 5ñ8. Note: Being one of Marius most common types, this would seem to celebrate the unity of the armies which formerly had supported Postumus and Laelianus.

70ñ100

200ñ300

400ñ600

Domitianus, c. A.D. 269 (?) or 271 (?)

Domitianus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2572

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius obv IMP C DOMITIANVS P F AVG, rad., dr. cuir, bust r. of Domitianus rev CONCORDIA MILITVM, Concordia stg. 1., hldg. patera and cornucopia. RIC V, pt. II, p. 590, 1.

ó

ó

ó

The values are estimates for conservatively graded, essentially problem-free coins. Defects or merits will alter prices, often significantly. Dashes (ó) indicate values which cannot be accurately determined (at the high end) or which are negligible (at the low end). Coins with the same value range are not always equally valuable, for they may represent different ends of the same spectrum.

Victorinus, A.D. 269ñ271

UNCLE OR FATHER(?) OF TETRICUS

GREAT UNCLE OR GRANDFATHER(?) OF TETRICUS II

Examples of obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

IMP C VICTORINVS (P) AVG

 

IMP (C or CAES) VICTORINVS P F AVG

 

IMP C (M) PIAVVONI(VS) VICTORINVS P F AVG

 

IMP VICTORINVS AVG

Deified:

DIVO VICTORINO PIO

Except where noted, busts are right-facing, laureate, and usually draped and/or cuirassed.

Victorinus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2573

AV Aureus

3000ñ5000

7000ñ10,000

20,000ñ30,000

2574

ó obv Rad. or laur., cuir. half-bust r., hldg. shield and spear.

3000ñ5000

7000ñ10,000

ó

2575

ó rev COMES AVG, helm., cuir. bust r. of Mars. RIC 6.

3000ñ5000

8,000ñ12,000

ó

2576

ó rev FIDES MILITVM, eagle with wreath in beak stg. on globe betw. two standards. RIC V, pt. II, p. 387, 7.

3000ñ5000

7000ñ10,000

ó

2577

ó rev Various legionary types. RIC 11ñ25.

3000ñ5000

8,000ñ12,000

ó

2578

ó rev ROMAE AETERNAE, helm., dr. bust r. of Roma. RIC 26.

3000ñ5000

8,000ñ12,000

ó

2579

ó obv Jugate, laur., dr. busts r. of Victorinus and Mars or laur., cuir. half-bust r., hldg. shield and spear rev VICTORIA AVG, winged half-bust r. of Victory, hldg. wreath and palm. RIC 30,101ñ2. Note: Some attribute the bust on the reverse to Victori-misí mother, who may have been named Victoria.

ó

ó

ó

2580

AV Quinarius

ó

ó

ó

2581

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad. hd. r. Illustrated above.

ó

5ñ15

30ñ50

Victorinus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2582

ó obv Rad. half-bust 1., hldg. spear and shield rev LEG XXX VLP VICT P F, Jupiter stg., hldg. scepter and thunderbolt, capricorn at feet. RIC 52. Note: Legion XXX Ulpia Victrix was stationed on the Rhine in Lower Germany; its usual badge was Neptune, not Jupiter and a capricorn. The P F on most of Victorinus legionary coins is an indication of the pia fidelis (piety and fidelity) of the soldiers.

50ñ75

150ñ200

300ñ400

2583

ó rev VIRTVS AVG, Diana stg. 1., hldg. scepter, placing r. hand on stag. RIC 81. Note: Victorinus claimed Diana as his helper (adjutrix).

15ñ25

50ñ75

100ñ150

2584

Billon Denarius

250ñ350

500ñ800

1500ñ2000

2585

ó rev LEG XXII PRIMIGENIE, Hercules stg., hldg. club and bow, capricorn at feet. RIC 91.

300ñ400

900ñ1200

ó

Victorinus (Posthumous Commemoratives)

F

VF

EF

2586

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad. hd. r. rev CON S(E or A)CRATIO, eagle stg. r. or 1. on globe or base of column, with wreath in its beak. RIC 82ñ5. Note: RIC lists four non-commemorative reverse types (86ñ9) that are muled with this obverse.

15ñ25

70ñ100

300ñ400

Tetricus I, A.D. 271ñ274

Augustus: A.D. 271ñ274

(A.D. 271ñ274: Sole reign)

(A.D. 274: Briefly with Tetricus II(?))

NEPHEW OR SON(?) OF VICTORINUS

FATHER OF TETRICUS I

Examples of obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

IMP C C P ESV TETRICVS AVG

 

IMP C (C) P ESVVIVS TETRICVS AVG

 

IMP C TETRICVS (P F) AVG

 

IMP TETRICVS PIVS (or P F) AVG

 

IMP TETRICVS AVG

Except where noted, busts are right-facing, laureate, and usually draped and/or cuirassed.

Tetricus I (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2587

AV AureusIllustrated p. 476.

2000ñ3000

4000ñ6000

15,000ñ20,000

2588

ó obv Laur., cuir. half-bust 1., hldg. shield and scepter or spear. RIC V, pt. II, pp. 4034, 19ñ20,28,32.

2000ñ3000

5000ñ8000

20,000ñ30,000

2589

ó obv Laur. hd. 1. rev VICTORIA GERM, Tetricus I stg. 1., hldg. globe, being crowned by Victory, hldg. palm; captive at feet. RIC 38.

2000ñ3000

5000ñ8000

20,000ñ30,000

2590

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius obv Rad. hd. r.

ñ

5ñ15

30ñ50

2591

ó rev Various issues with inscr. ending AVGG. RIC V, pt. II, pp. 421' 4, 225ff. Note: More than 20 issues of Tetricus I with this form of reverse inscription are listed in RIC.

5ñ15

15ñ25

50ñ75

2592

ó rev VOTA PVBLICA, altar. RIC 149.

15ñ25

30ñ50

100ñ150

2593

Billon or Æ Denarius

250ñ350

500ñ800

ó

2596

Tetricus I and Tetricus II (Joint-Coinage)

F

VF

EF

2594

AV Aureus obv IMP TETRICI AVGG, Confr. busts of Tetricus I, laur., dr. and/or cuir., and Tetricus II, dr. and bare-headed rev P M TR P COS III P P, Tetricus I presenting globe to Tetricus II, both hldg. scepters, altar betw., VOTA or VOT X in ex. RIC 204' 5.

ó

ó

ó

2595

ó obv IMPP TETRICI PII AVGG (or var.), jugate busts r. of Tetricus I, laur. and cuir., and Tetricus II, bare-headed and dr. rev Various types. RIC 206ñ11. Illustrated p. 478.

ó

ó

ó

2596

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius Sim. to prev. RIC 212ñ3.

250ñ350

500ñ800

ó

2597

Billon or Æ Denarius obv Sim. to 2594 rev P M TRñP COS III P P, Tetricus I stg., sacrificing from patera at altar, beside which Tetricus II stgs., hldg. globe and being crowned by Victory. RIC 214

ó

ó

ó

Tetricus II, A.D. 274(?)

Caesar: A.D. 273ñ274 (under Tetricus I)

Augustus (?) A.D. 274: (with Tetricus I)

SON OF TETRICUS I

GRAND NEPHEW OR GRANDSON(?) OF VICTORINUS

Examples of obverse inscriptions:

Caesar:

C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES

 

C P (E or ES or ESV) TETRICV S CAES

 

PIVS ESV TETRICVS

Augustus:

IMP C PES TETRICVS C AVG

 

C PIV TETRICV S P AVG

 

Note: CAES is often abbreviated CA, CS CES or ES.

Except where noted, busts are right-facing, radiate and draped.

Tetricus II (as Caesar)

F

VF

EF

2598

AV Aureus obv Dr., bare-headed bust r.

3000ñ5000

10,GOO-15,000

30,000ñ50,000

2599

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius

ó

5ñ15

100ñ150

2600

ó rev Various issues with inscr. ending AVGG. RIC V, pt. II, pp. 421ñ4, 225ff. Note: More than ten issues of Tetricus II with this form of reverse inscription are listed in RIC.

5ñ15

50ñ75

150ñ200

2601

ó rev HERC COMITI, Hercules stg. in temple. RIC 230.

5ñ15

50ñ75

150ñ200

2602

Billon or Æ Denarius obv Dr., bare-headed bust r.

300ñ400

100015 00

ó

Tetricus II (as Caesar)

F

VF

EF

2603

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius

100ñ150

300ñ400

ó

Note: For joint-coinages of Tetricus II and his father, see the listings of the latter.

THE KINGDOM OF PALMYRA C. A.D. 260ñ272

Zenobia, A.D. 267ñ272

Queen: A.D. 267ñ270/1

Augusta: A.D. 270/1ñ272

WIFE OF ODAENATHUS

MOTHER OF VABALATHUS

Obverse inscriptions:

Augusta:

S ZENOBIA AVG

 

ZENOBIA AVG

Zenobia (as A ugusta, with V abalathus)

F

VF

EF

2604

Billon Double-Denarius obv Diad., dr. bust r. of Zenobia on crescent rev IVNO REGINA, Juno stg. 1., hldg. patera and scepter, peacock at feet, star before, H in ex. RIC V, pt. II, p. 584, 2.

1000ñ1500

1750ñ2250

4000ñ6000

2605

ó rev PIETAS AVG, Pietas std. 1., hldg. hand of child and leaning on spear. RIC 1.

1000ñ1500

1750ñ2250

4000ñ6000

Zenobia (Provincial Coinage)

F

VF

chVF

2606

Billon Tetradrachm of Alexandria, 271/2. obv CEEITIMIA ZHNOBIA CEB, diad., dr. bust r. of Zenobia rev Homonoia stg. L, hldg. double-cornucopiae and raising r. hand, LE(= yr.5 of Zenobia) in field. Milne 4353. Illustrated above.

1000ñ1500

1750ñ2250

4000ñ6000

Vabalathus, A.D. 267ñ272;

King: A.D. 267ñ270/I

Augusta: A.D. 270/1ñ272

SON OF ODAENATHUS AND ZENOBIA

Obverse inscriptions:

King:

VABALATHVS VCRIMDR

Augustus:

IM C VHABALATHVS AVG

Vabalathus (as King, with Aurelian)

F

VF

EF

2607

Billon Double-Denarius obv Laur., dr. and cuir. bust r. of Vabalathus rev IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, rad., cuir. bust r. of Aurelian, officina letter below. RIC V, pt. I, p. 308, 381. Note: These dual-portrait coins were struck only at Antioch. To cope with the production demands, Aurelian added an officina to the eight already in use. The officinae are indicated by letters below the bust of Aurelian, with the ninth represented by 0 (in Greek) or AH (in Latin).

15ñ25

30ñ50

100ñ150

Vabalathus (Provincial Coinage)

F

VF

chVF

2608

Billon Tetradrachm of Alexandria, 270/1. obv A K A AOM (or AYT K A A) AVPHAIANOC CEB, laur., dr., cuir, bust r. of Aurelian, LA(= yr.l of Aurelian) in field rev IAC OYABAΛΛΛωOC AΘN(O)V A(VT) CP(ω), laur.-diad., dr. and cuir, bust r. of Vabalathus, LΔ(=yr.4 of Vabalathus) in field. Milne 4303ñ26.

15ñ25

50ñ75

150ñ200

2609

ó, 271/2. As prev., but obv LB(= yr.2 of Aurelian), rev LE(=yr.5 of Vabalathus). Milne 4330ñ48.

20ñ40

50ñ75

150ñ200

2610

Æ Drachm (c. 21ñ25mm), , 270/1. obv AVPHΛIANOC KAI AΘHNOΔωPOC, confr. busts of Aurelian, laur., dr. and cuir, at 1., and Vabalathus, dr. and wearing hem-hem crown at r. rev Wreath with LA(= yr.l of Aurelian) and LΔ(= yr.4 of Vabalathus). Milne 4327ñ9.

70ñ100

200ñ300

ó

Vabalathus (as Augustus, with Zenobia)

F

VF

EF

2611

Billon Double-Denarius obv Rad., dr. bust r. of Vabalathus rev Various types. RIC V, pt. II, p. 585, 1ñ8. Illustrated p. 479.

150ñ200

300ñ400

700ñ1000

2612

ó rev I WENT VS (IVENVS or VIRTVS) AVG, Hercules stg., lionís skin dr. over arm, leaning on club, hldg. apples. RIC 4,7.

150ñ200

300ñ400

900ñ1200

Vabalathus (Provincial Coinage)

F

VF

chVF

2613

Billon Tetradrachm of Alexandria, 271/2. obv AVT K OYABAΛΛΛΘOC AΘNO CEB, laur., dr. and cuir, bust r. of Vabalathus rev Rad., dr. bust r. of Helios, LE(= yr.5 of Vabalathus) before. Milne 4349.

250ñ350

500ñ800

1000ñ1500

2614

ó rev Homonoia stg. 1., hldg. double-comucopiae and raising r. hand, LE(= yr.5 of Vabalathus) in field. Milne 4350-2.

300ñ400

900ñ1200

ó

THE ROMANO-BRITISH EMPLRE A.D. 286/7ñ296/7

Carausius, A.D. 286/7ñ293

Examples of obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

CARAVSIVS P F AVG

 

IMP (C) CARAVSIVS AVG

 

IMP CARAVSIVS P F

 

IMP (C) CARAVSIVS P F AVG

 

VIRT(VS) CARAVSI (AVG)

 

Note: The titles Pontifex Maximus and Augustus are often misspelled or are abbreviated improperly. Many other inscriptions are recorded.

Except where noted, busts are right-facing, laureate, draped and/or cuirassed.

Carausius (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2615

AV Aureus

4000ñ6000

10,000ñ15,000

30,000+

2616

ó obv V IRTVS CARAVSI, helm., cuir, half-bust 1., hldg. shield and spear rev ROMANO RENOVA, she-wolf and twins. RIC 534.

5000ñ8000

15,000ñ20,000

ó

2617

AR Denarius. Illustrated above.

250ñ350

900ñ1200

1500ñ2000

2618

ó obv Laur. half-bust 1. wearing consular robes and hldg. eagle-tipped scepter or globe rev Various types.

500ñ800

1500ñ2000

4000ñ6000

2619

ó rev ADVENTVS AVG, Carausius, hldg. scepter and saluting, on horseback 1., a captive std. below horseís raised r. foreleg. RIC 535ff.

250ñ350

1000ñ1500

1750ñ2250

2620

ó rev EXPECTAT(E or I) VENI, Britannia stg. at 1., hldg. standard or trident, greeting Carausius, stg. at r., hldg. scepter. RIC 554ñ7. Note: This and the previous type allude to Carausius arrival in Britain.

250ñ350

1000ñ1500

1750ñ2250

2621

ó rev VIRTVS AVG, rad. lion adv. 1., thunderbolt in jaws. RIC 591-2.

500ñ800

1500ñ2000

4000ñ6000

Carausius (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2622

ó rev VOTO PVBLICO or VOTVM PVBLIC(VM) around altar inscr. MVLTIS XX IMP in three lines. RIC 595ñ7. Note: This type seems to celebrate his fourth consulate, accompanied by a donative, vows and Saecular Games.

300ñ400

1000ñ1500

2000ñ3000

2623

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius obv Rad. bust r.

15ñ25

50ñ75

150ñ200

2624

ó obv Full-facing bust, bare-headed, dr. and cuir. rev SALVS AVG, Salus stg. 1., hldg. scepter and feeding snake rising from altar. RIC 400.

400ñ600

1500ñ2000

 

2625

ó obv Laur. half-bust 1. wearing consular robes and hldg. eagle-tipped scepter or globe rev Various types.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

2626

ó obv Rad., cuir. half-bust 1., hldg. shield and spear, sometimes wearing plumed helm, rev Various types.

50ñ75

150ñ200

400ñ600

2627

ó obv Jugate busts r. of Carausius, wearing consular robes, and Sol, hldg. whip rev PAX AVGVSTI, Pax adv. 1., hldg. branch and scepter. RIC 341.

200ñ300

700ñ1000

 

2628

ó rev COHR(T) (or COH) PRAET, four standards. RIC 13,741ñ2. Note: This reverse rather optimistically honors the praetorian guardsmen (cohorts) stationed in Rome.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

2629

ó rev GENIO BRITANNI, Genius stg. 1. bef. altar, hldg. patera and cornucopiae. RIC 240.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

2630

ó rev VICTOR(IA) GERMA(N) or VICT(ORIA) GER(M), trophy betw. two captives. RIC 432,5312,1030ñ1. Note: These types (and related issues inscribed GERMANICVS MAX V; RIC 39ñ40) probably refer to Carausius victories prior to his revolt, but they may allude to actions during the Carausian occupation of northeastern Gaul.

50ñ75

150ñ200

400ñ600

2631

ó rev Legionary types. RIC 55ñ84,268ñ76. Note: This large series seems to honor the legionary detachments which supported Carausius.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

2632

ó rev PAX CARAVSI AVG, Pax stg. 1., hldg. branch and scepter. RIC 146.

50ñ75

150ñ200

400ñ600

2633

ó rev SAECVLARES AVG around cippus inscr. COS IIII. RIC 393.

100ñ150

300ñ400

ó

2634

ó rev TVTELA (AVG), Tutela stg. 1. by altar, hldg. patera, wreath (or flower) and cornucopia or scepter. RIC 682ñ9. Note: Variants exist.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

Note: Carausius used several mints in Britain and Gaul, including (at the very least) London, Colchester, and Rouen. The mint marks are always on the reverse, in the exergue and/or in the field. RIC references are to volume V, pt. II, pp. 463ñ549.

Carausius (striking in names of Diocletian and Maximian)

F

VF

EF

2635

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius obv CARAVSIVS ET FRATRES SVI, jugate, rad., cuir, busts 1. of Carausius, Diocletian and Maximian rev PAX AVGGG, Pax stg. 1., hldg. branch and scepter. RIC 1. Note: Several other reverse types have been recorded since volume V of RIC was published in 1933.

700ñ1000

2000ñ3000

ó

2636

ó obv IMP C DIOCLETIAN VS P F AVG, rad., cuir, bust r. of Diocletian rev Various types with inscr. ending AVGGG. RIC 3ñ31. Note: Many obverse inscriptions and bust types are known.

20ñ40

70ñ100

250ñ350

2637

ó obv IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, rad., cuir, bust r. of Maximian rev As prev. RIC 32ñ49. Note: Many obverse inscriptions and types are known.

20ñ40

70ñ100

250ñ350

2638

ó obv Type normal to Carausius, with his bust and inscr. rev Various types with inscr. ending AVGGG. see RIC 334ñ6,43,62ñ72,8,443,95ñ6,510ñ12,21, etc.

20ñ40

50ñ75

200ñ300

Note: RIC references are to volume V, pt. II, pp. 550ñ6; the last entry refers to pp. 493ñ507.

Allectus, A.D. 293ñ296/7

MINISTER OF CARAUSIUS

Examples of obverse inscriptions:

Augustus:

(IMP) ALLECTVS P F AVG

 

IMP C ALLECTVS P F AVG

 

IMP C ALLECTVS P (or P F I) AVG

 

IMP C ALLECTVS (PIVS) FELIX AVG

 

IMP C ALLECTVS P F IN(V) AVG

Except where noted, busts are right-facing, laureate, draped and/or cuirassed.

Allectus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2639

AV AureusIllustrated above.

5000ñ8000

15,000ñ3.,000

50,000+

2640

Billon Denarius rev SALVS AVG, Salus stg. 1., feeding snake in her arms. RIC 15.

700ñ1000

2000ñ3000

ó

2641

Billon or Æ Double-Denarius obv Rad. bust r.

15ñ25

50ñ75

200ñ300

Allectus (as Augustus)

F

VF

EF

2642

ó obv Helm., rad., cuir. half-bust 1., hldg. shield and spear rev PAX AVG, Pax stg. 1., hldg. branch and scepter. RIC 28.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

2643

ó rev LEGIO II, lion adv. 1. RIC 24.

70ñ100

250ñ350

500ñ800

2644

ó rev ROMA AETER(N), Roma stg. 1. in temple. RIC 40,113.

50ñ75

150ñ200

400ñ600

2645

ó rev VIRTVS AVG, Hercules stg. 1. in temple. RIC 52.

50ñ75

150ñ200

400ñ600

2646

ó rev VIRTVS EXERCIT, four standards. RIC 123.

50ñ75

150ñ200

400ñ600

2647

Billon or Æ Reduced Double-Denarius obv Rad. bust r. rev LAETITIA AVG, galley variously outfitted. RIC 124ñ7. Note: This issue is usually misdescribed as a ëquinarius.í

15ñ25

50ñ75

150ñ200

2648

ó As prev., but rev inscr. VIRTVS AVG. RIC 559,128ñ31. Note: Sometimes there is a bird on the mast, or Victory or Neptune is aboard.

15ñ25

50ñ75

150ñ200

Note: Though Allectus continued to use more than one mint (seemingly London and Colchester), he struck only in Britain because Carausius had lost the continental territories. Mint marks are always on the reverse, in the exergue and/or in the field. RIC references are to volume V, pt. II, pp. 558ñ570.

The values are estimates for conservatively graded, essentially problem-free coins. Defects or merits will alter prices, often significantly. Dashes (ó) indicate values which cannot be accurately determined (at the high end) or which are negligible (at the low end). Coins with the same value range are not always equally valuable, for they may represent different ends of the same spectrum.

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