Biographies & Memoirs

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY SOURCES

Celsus. De Medicina. Vol. 1. Translated by W. G. Spencer. Cambridge, Mass., 1935.

Dio, Cassius. Roman History. Vol. 7. Translated by Earnest Cary. Cambridge, Mass., 1955.

Frontinus, Sextus Julius. The Aqueducts of Rome. In Stratagems and the Aqueducts of Rome, translated by Charles E. Bennett. Cambridge, Mass., 1950.

Josephus, Flavius. Jewish Antiquities. Vol. 9. Translated by Louis H. Feldman. Cambridge, Mass., 1965.

Philo of Alexandria. The Embassy to Gaius. In vol. 10 of Philo: Works, translated by F. H. Colson. Cambridge, Mass., 1962.

Pliny the Elder. Natural History. Vol. 10. Translated by H. Rackham. Cambridge, Mass., 1962.

Scriptores Historiae Augustae. 3 vols. Cambridge, Mass., 1967–68.

Seneca. Apocolocyntosis. In Petronius and Seneca, Loeb Classical Library 15, translated by W. H. D. Rouse, 370–407. Cambridge, Mass., 1975.

———. De Beneficiis. In Moral Essays, vol. 3, translated by John W. Basore. Cambridge, Mass., 1989.

———. De Brevitate Vitae. In Moral Essays, vol. 2, translated by John W. Basore, 286–355. Cambridge, Mass., 1932.

———. De Consolatione ad Helviam. In Moral Essays, vol. 2, translated by John W. Basore, 416–89. Cambridge, Mass., 1932.

———. De Consolatione ad Polybium. In Moral Essays, vol. 2, translated by John W. Basore, 356–415. Cambridge, Mass., 1932.

———. De Constantia. In Moral Essays, vol. 1, translated by John W. Basore, 48–105. Cambridge, Mass., 1951.

———. De Ira. In Moral Essays, vol. 1, translated by John W. Basore. Cambridge, Mass., 1951.

———. De Tranquillitate Animi. In Moral Essays, vol. 2, translated by John W. Basore, 202–85. Cambridge, Mass., 1932.

———. Epistulae Morales. 3 vols. Translated by Richard M. Gummere. Cambridge, Mass., 1917–25.

Suetonius. Lives of the Caesars. In Suetonius. 2 vols. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. Cambridge, Mass., 1997–98.

———. Vita Passieni Crispi. In Suetonius, vol. 2, translated by J. C. Rolfe, 482–83. Cambridge, Mass., 1997–98.

Tacitus. Agricola. In Tacitus, vol. 1, translated by John Jackson. Cambridge, Mass., 1980.

———. Annals. In Tacitus, vols. 3–5, translated by John Jackson. Cambridge, Mass., 1970–81.

———. Germania. In Tacitus, vol. 1, translated by John Jackson. Cambridge, Mass., 1980.

———. The Histories. In Tacitus, vols. 2 and 3, translated by John Jackson. Cambridge, Mass., 1970–81.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Auguet, Roland. Caligula; ou, Le pouvoir à vingt ans. Paris, 1984.

Balsdon, John P. V. D. The Emperor Gaius (Caligula). Oxford, 1934 [Reprint 1964].

Barrett, Anthony A. Agrippina: Mother of Nero. London, 1990.

———. Caligula: The Corruption of Power. London, 1989.

Boschung, Dietrich. Die Bildnisse des Caligula. Berlin, 1989.

Champlin, Edward. Nero. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2003.

Ferrill, Arthur. Caligula: Emperor of Rome. London, 1991.

Flashar, Hellmut. Melancholie und Melancholiker in den medizinischen Theorien der Antike. Berlin, 1966.

Garnsey, Peter, and Richard P. Saller. The Roman Empire: Economy, Society and Culture. London, 1987.

Gelzer, Matthias. “Iulius 133 [Caligula].” In Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, vol. 10.1, 381–423. Stuttgart, 1918.

Hopkins, Keith, and Graham P. Burton. “Ambition and Withdrawal: The Senatorial Aristocracy under the Emperors.” In Keith Hopkins, Death and Renewal: Sociological Studies in Roman History, vol. 2, 120–200. Cambridge, 1983.

Kienast, Dietmar. Römische Kaisertabelle: Grundzüge einer römischen Kaiserchronologie. 2nd ed. Darmstadt, 1996.

Kolb, Frank. Herrscherideologie in der Spätantike. Berlin, 2001.

Lendon, John E. Empire of Honour: The Art of Government in the Roman World. Oxford, 1997.

Levick, Barbara. Claudius. London, 1990.

———. Tiberius the Politician. London, 1976.

Meier, Christian. “C. Caesar Divi filius and the Formation of the Alternative in Rome.” In Between Republic and Empire: Interpretations of Augustus and His Principate, edited by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Mark Toher, 54–70. Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1990.

Meise, Eckhard. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der julisch-claudischen Dynastie. Munich, 1969.

Midelfort, H. C. Erik. Mad Princes of Renaissance Germany. Charlottesville and London, 1994.

Millar, Fergus. The Emperor in the Roman World (31 B.C.–A.D. 337). 2nd ed. London, 1992.

Mommsen, Theodor. Römisches Staatsrecht. 3 vols. in 5. 3rd ed. Leipzig, 1887.

Nony, Daniel. Caligula. Paris, 1986.

Quidde, Ludwig. “Caligula: Eine Studie über römischen Cäsarenwahnsinn” [1894]. In Ludwig Quidde, Caligula: Schriften über Militarismus und Pazifismus, edited by Hans-Ulrich Wehler, 61–80. Frankfurt am Main, 1977.

Rilinger, Rolf. “Domus und res publica: Die politisch-soziale Bedeutung des aristokratischen ‘Hauses’ in der späten römischen Republik.” In Ordo und dignitas: Beiträge zur römischen Verfassungs- und Sozialgeschichte, 105–22. Stuttgart, 2007.

Roller, Matthew B. Constructing Autocracy: Aristocrats and Emperors in Julio-Claudian Rome. Princeton and Oxford, 2001.

Sachs, Hanns. Bubi Caligula. 2nd ed. Vienna, 1932.

Saller, Richard P. Personal Patronage under the Early Empire. Cambridge, 1982.

Siegel, Rudolph E. Galen on Psychology, Psychopathology, and Function and Diseases of the Nervous System: An Analysis of His Doctrines, Observations and Experiments. Basel, 1973.

Smallwood, E. Mary. Documents Illustrating the Principates of Gaius, Claudius and Nero. Cambridge, 1967.

Syme, Ronald. The Roman Revolution. Oxford, 1939.

Talbert, Richard J. A. The Senate of Imperial Rome. Princeton, 1984.

Timpe, Dieter. “Römische Geschichte bei Flavius Josephus.” Historia 9 (1960): 474–502.

Veyne, Paul. Le pain et le cirque: Sociologie historique d’un pluralisme politique. Paris, 1976.

Wilkinson, Sam. Caligula. London and New York, 2005.

Willrich, Hugo. “Caligula.” Klio 3 (1903): 85–118, 288–317, 397–470.

Winterling, Aloys. Aula Caesaris: Studien zur Institutionalisierung des römischen Kaiserhofes in der Zeit von Augustus bis Commodus (31 v. Chr.–192 n. Chr.). Munich, 1999.

———. “Cäsarenwahnsinn im Alten Rom.” In Jahrbuch des Historischen Kollegs 2007, 115–39. Munich, 2008.

———. Politics and Society in Imperial Rome. Oxford, 2009.

Wolters, Reinhard. “Die Organisation der Münzprägung in julisch-claudischer Zeit.” Numismatische Zeitschrift 106/107 (1999): 75–90.

Yavetz, Zvi. “Caligula, Imperial Madness and Modern Historiography.” Klio 78 (1996): 105–29.

If you find an error or have any questions, please email us at admin@erenow.org. Thank you!