The date given in each entry is that of the edition used rather than that of first publication.
1. Unpublished Material
The Bodleian Library: Rawlinson MSS, A 170–95 and D. Carte MSS.
The British Library: Add MSS, 22,183, Add MSS, 19,872, Add MSS, 32,094, Add MSS, 20,732. Egerton MSS, 928: William Hewer, Sir John Kempthorne and their lawyers’ letters of 1678 about ownership of Clapham that Hewer has taken over from bankrupt Sir Denis Gauden, in debt to Kempthorne who proposes to seize goods and crops from Clapham. Hewer prevents this. Egerton MSS, 2621: Admiral Herbert papers include correspondence with prince of Orange during 1688 invasion. Sloane MSS, 2572, fols. 79–87: Richard Gibson’s account of his career.
The National Maritime Museum: AGC/19, Miscellaneous Papers of Samuel Pepys. LBK/8, Correspondence of Samuel Pepys. Also X98/065, vol. I of the Sandwich Journal.
Further volumes of Sandwich Journal in possession of Lord Sandwich.
Hoare’s Bank, Pepys’s accounts 1680–1703; also the account of ‘Ann Skinner’.
The Public Record Office: Admiralty papers relating to Pepys, ADM 106/2887. ADM 20/4, Tangier Roll AOI/310, 1220, 1221: accounts for 1665 and for 1667–71. Wills of Sir Francis Boteler, Mrs Frances Skinner, Mary Skinner.
Hertfordshire Record Office: will of Dame Elizabeth Boteler.
Pepys Library: Mornamont MSS in two vols. Magdalene College Letters. John Smith’s transcription of Pepys’s diary in 54 volumes. Correspondence of John Smith about promise of help made by Lord Chancellor Brougham, 1831–2. (Pepys Library unofficial MSS).
Guildhall, parish registers of St Bride’s and St Olave’s, Hart Street.
Liddle Hart Centre at King’s College, London, archives of Arthur Bryant, containing extensive MS research notes and correspondence of both Henry Wheatley and John Tanner, correspondence, as well as Bryant’s research notes.
Julian Mitchell’s unpublished essay, ‘Monmouthshire Politics 1660–1706’, for information about Richard Creed, brother of John.
The Royal Society: journal books and secretary’s minute books 1670–1700.
National Portrait Gallery archives: notebook of Charles Beale for 1681, part diary, part account book, bound in with Lilly’s astrological almanac.
2. Contemporary Diaries and Memoirs
Aylmer, G. E. (ed.), The Diary of William Lawrence, 1961 (personal papers written 1657–84)
Beadle, John, The Journal or Diary of a Thankful Christian, 1656
Bond, M. (ed.), Parliamentary Diary of Edward Dering (1644–84), 1976 Burnet, Gilbert, Sermon at Funeral of J. Houblon, 1682 (biographical, not entirely reliable)
—History of My Own Time, 4 vols., 1818
Coates, W. H. (ed.), The Journal of Sir Simonds D’Ewes (1602–50), 1942
de Beer, E. S. (ed.), The Diary of John Evelyn, 6 vols., 1955
Denne, S. (ed.), The Life of Phineas Pett of Deptford, Commissioner of the Navy, 1796
Dick, Oliver Lawson (ed.), John Aubrey’s Brief Lives set down between 1669 and 1696, 1958
Ellwood, Thomas, Life of Himself (1639–1713), 1880
Fox, George, Journal (1624–91), 1694
Henning, Basil Duke (ed.), Diary of Edward Dering (1670–73), 1940
Fanshawe, Anne, Lady, Memoirs (1625–80), 1907
Firth, C. H. (ed.), Ε. Ludlow’s Memoirs 1619–1692, 1894. Now revealed to have been heavily rewritten after Ludlow’s death for first publication in 1690s
Heywood, Revd Oliver, Autobiography 1630–1702, 2 vols., 1937
Hutchinson, Lucy, Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson, 1906
Hyde, Edward, earl of Clarendon, The True Historical Narrative of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, 6 vols., 1888 Joyne, John, A Journal, 1959
King, Lord (ed.), Life and Letters of John Locke, with Extracts from His Journals and
Commonplace Books, 1858 Lee, M. H. (ed.), The Diary and Letters of Philip Henry, MA, of Broad Oak, Flintshire, 1631–1696, 1882
Long, C. E. (ed.), Richard Symonds’s Diary of Marches Kept by the Royal Army during the Great Civil War, 1859
Luttrell, Narcissus, A Brief Historical Relation of State of Affairs from September 1678 to April 1714, 1857
MacFarlane, Alan (ed.), Diary of Ralph Josselin 1616–1683, 1976 Morris, C. (ed.), The Journeys of Celia Fiennes, 1949
Nicolson, William, Diary, partly published in Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society, vol. ii (1902). Also Jones, Clyve, and Holmes, Geoffrey (eds.), The London Diaries of William Nicolson, Bishop of Carlisle, 1702–1718, 1985
Robbins, Caroline, The Diary of John Milward from September 1666 to May 1668, 1938
Robinson, H. W., and Adams, W. (eds.), The Diary of Robert Hooke 1672–1680, 1935 Rutt, J. T. (ed.), The Diary of Thomas Burton (1656–9), 4 vols., 1828 Sachse, W. L. (ed.), The Diurnal of Thomas Rugg 1659–1661, 1961
Spalding, Ruth (ed.), The Diary of Bulstrode Whitelocke 1605–1675, 1989 Teonge, Henry, Diary 1675–1679, 1825
Webb, Rosamond (ed.), Nehemiah Wallington’s Historical Notices of Events Occurring Chiefly in the Reign of Charles I, 2 vols., 1869
William Haller’s The Rise of Puritanism, 1938, has a good discussion of puritan diary-keeping. There is also W. Matthews, British Diaries 1442–1942, 1950. See too Mark Goldie, ‘Roger Morrice’s Entring Book’ in History Today (Nov. 2001), p. 38. Morrice was Pepys’s contemporary (1628–1702), a Cambridge graduate who used shorthand, but, according to Goldie’s account, his book is not so much a diary as a newsletter for Whig politicians. It is currently being transcribed.
3. Other Contemporary Writing
Anon., Plain Truth or Closet Discourse Betwixt P. and H., 1679, and Anon., A Hue and Cry after P. and H., 1679
Bayley, Thomas, The Wallflower, 1650, and Gomberville, Marin le Roy de, Polexan-dre, 5 vols., 1638 (two novels read by Elizabeth Pepys)
Bédoyère, G. de la, Particular Friends: The Correspondence of Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn, 1997
Carkesse, James, Lucida Intervalla (poems), 1679. Carkesse, a Navy Office clerk, dismissed in 1667 for corruption, became mentally unbalanced. Pepys refers disparagingly to him in the Diary, and Carkesse’s poems contain attacks on Pepys as well as accounts of his time in Bedlam.
Congreve, William, The Complete Plays, 1948
Dryden, John, Poetical Works, 1893
—Plays, 2 vols., 1949
du Bartas, Guillaume de Saluste, La Semaine, ou la création du monde, 1578, and English translation by William L’Isle, 1625 (Milton’s French predecessor, plodding but popular)
Ebsworth, J. W. (ed.), The Poems and Masque of Thomas Carew 18 93
Etherege, George, The Dramatic Works, 1927
Keynes, Geoffrey (ed.), Sir Thomas Browne’s Selected Writings, 1968
L’Estrange, R., A Brief History of the Times, 1687–8
Margoliouth, H. M. (ed.), The Poems and Letters of Andrew Marvell, 2 vols., 1927
Massinger, Philip, The Dramatic Works of Massinger and Ford, 1875
Phillips, John (ed.), Wit and Drollery, Jovial Poems Never before Printed, by Sir J[ohn] M[ennes], Ja[?ohn] :S[uckling], Sir W[illiam] D[‘Avenant] J[ohn] D[onne], 1656. A mixed bag of poems, literary, royalist, scatological. Donne’s ‘Love’s Progress’ is the last in the collection. It is dedicated ‘To the TRULY NOBLE Edward Pepes, Esq.’, who must be Samuel Pepys’s cousin, son of John Pepys of Ashtead. Edward was born 1617, admitted to the Middle Temple 1636, died at his sister Jane Turner’s in 1663; SP helped with the funeral arrangements
Phillips, Edward, The Mysteries of Love and Eloquence; or, the Arts of Wooing and
Complementing as They are Managed in the Spring Garden, Hide Park, the New Exchange and Other Eminent Places, 1658. Advice from Milton’s nephew on how to succeed with girls
Shadwell, Thomas, The Dramatic Works of Thomas Shadwell, 4 vols., 1720 Shelton, Thomas, A Tutor to Tachygraphy, 164.2. The shorthand used by Pepys
4. History and Biography
The Dictionary of National Biography and the Oxford English Dictionary have both been much used
HISTORY
Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series for the relevant years
Grey, Anchitel, Debates of the House of Commons from 1667 to 1694, 10 vols., 1769
Macaulay, T. B., History of England, 1889, and his 1825 essay ‘Milton’
Feiling, Keith, British Foreign Policy 1660–1672, 1930
Clark, G. N., The Later Stuarts, 1934
Ogg, David, England in the Reign of Charles II, 1955
—England in the Reigns of James II and William III, 1955
Henning, Basil Duke, The History of Parliament. Vol. I: The House of Commons 1660–1690, 1983
Hill, Christopher, The Century of Revolution 1603–1714, 1974 Kenyon, J. P., Stuart England, 1978
Kingston, Alfred, East Anglia and the Great Civil War, 1897
Stone, Lawrence, The Family, Sex and Marriage in England 1500–1800, 1977
Gardiner, Samuel Rawson, History of the Commonwealth and Protectorate, 4 vols., 1897
—History of the Great Civil War, 4 vols., 1893
Firth, Charles, The Last Years of the Protectorate, 2 vols., 1909
Russell, Conrad, The Crisis of Parliaments: English History 1509–1660, 1971
Roots, Ivan (ed.), Speeches of Oliver Cromwell, 1989
Zagorin, Perez, A History of Political Thought in the English Revolution, 1964 Aylmer, G. E. The State’s Servants: The Civil Service of the English Republic, 1973 Godwin, William, Lives of Edward and John Philips, Nephews and Pupils of Milton, including Various Particulars of the Literary and Political History of Their Times, 1815 Noble, M., Lives of the English Regicides, 1798
Walker, John, Sufferings of the Clergy during the Grand Rebellion, 1862
Matthews, A. G., Mr Pepys and Nonconformity, 1954
Watkins, Owen C, The Puritan Experience, 1972
Hutton, Ronald, Restoration, 1985
Davies, Godfrey, The Restoration of Charles II, 1955
Davies, K. G., The Royal African Company, 1957
Richards, R. D., Early History of Banking in England, 1929
Marshall, Alan, Intelligence and Espionage in the Reign of Charles II, 1994
Houblon, Lady Alice Archer, The Houblon Family, 2 vols., 1907
Pearce, E. H., Annals of Christ’s Hospital, 1908
Trollope, Revd William, History of Christ’s Hospital, 1834
Wilson, John, A Brief History of Christ’s Hospital, 1828
Routh, E. M. G., Tangier: England’s Lost Atlantic Outpost 1661–1684, 1912
Christie, R. C., ‘Sir William Coventry’, Saturday Review (11 Oct. 1873)
Scouten, Arthur H., and Hume, Robert D., TLS (28 Sept. 1973), p. 1,105, article
on The Country Gentlemen by Robert Howard, with inserted scene by duke of
Buckingham
Archer, Ian, ‘Social Networks in Restoration London: The Evidence of Samuel
Pepys’s Diary’ in Communities in Early Modern England, Shepard, Alexandra, and Withington, Phil (eds.), 2000
Campbell, Gordon, et al., ‘The Provenance of De Doctrina Christiana’, Milton Quarterly, no. 31 (1997), pp. 67–93
Hanford, James, ‘Pepys and the Skinner Family’, Review of English Studies, vol. vii (July 1931),PP 257–70
Wilson, J. Harold, ‘Pepys and the Virgin Martyr’, Notes & Queries (21 Feb. 1948)
Birch, Thomas, History of the Royal Society, 4 vols., 1756–7
Lyons, Henry, The Royal Society 1660–1940, 1944
Hartley, Sir Henry (ed.), The Royal Society: Its Origins and Founders, 1 960
Andrade, A. N. Da C., on Pepys in Papers of Royal Society, vol. 18 (1963)
Lansdowne, Marquess of (ed.), The Petty Papers, 2 vols., 1927
Ranft, B. McL., ‘The Significance of the Political Career of Samuel Pepys’, Journal of Modern History, vol. 24 (1952), pp. 368–75
Kenyon, J. P., The Popish Plot, 1972
Tanner, J. R., ‘Pepys and the Popish Plot’, English Historical Review, vol. vii (1892)
Wilson, J. H., The Ordeal of Samuel Pepys’s Clerk, 1972
Tanner, J. R., ‘Naval Preparations in 1688’, English Historical Review, vol. viii (1893)
Powley, E. B., The English Navy in the Revolution of 1688, 1928
Mitchell, Α. Α., ‘The Revolution of 1688’, History Today (July 1965)
Douglas, David, English Scholars, 1951
Overton, J. H., The Nonjurors, 1902
Heyworth, P. L. (ed.), Letters of Humfrey Wanley, Palaeographer, Anglo-Saxonist, Librarian 1672–1726, 1989
Sisam, Kenneth, Studies in the History of Old English Literature, 1962
O’Donoghue, E. G., Bethlehem Hospital, 1914
Parkes, Joan, English Travel in England in the Seventeenth Century, 1925
Speed, John, The History of Great Britaine, 1611
BIOGRAPHY
Hill, Christopher, God’s Englishman: Oliver Cromwell and the English Revolution, 1970 Beresford, John, The Godfather of Downing Street: Sir George Downing 1623–1684, 1925
Harris, F. R., The Life of the First Earl of Sandwich, 2 vols., 1912
Ollard, Richard, Cromwell’s Earl: A Life of Edward Montagu, First Earl of Sandwich, 1994
Ashley, Maurice, General Monck, 1977
Masson, David, The Life of Milton, 7 vols., 1859–94
Spalding, Ruth, The Improbable Puritan: A Life of Bulstrode Whitelocke, 1975
Balleine, G. R., All for the King: The Life Story of Sir George Carteret, 1976
Dickinson, H. W., Sir Samuel Morland: Diplomat and Inventor, 1970
Fitzmaurice, Edward, Lord, The Life of Sir William Petty, 1895
Lansdowne, Marquess of, The Petty–Southwell Correspondence 1676–1687, 1928
Pinto, Vivian de Sola, Sir Charles Sedley, 1927
Coleman, D. C., Sir John Banks, 1963
Muddiman, J. G., The King’s Journalist, 1923
Rowe, Violet, Sir Henry Vane the Younger, 1970
More, Louis T., Isaac Newton, 1934
Hutton, Ronald, Charles II, 1989
Fraser, Antonia, Charles II, 1979
—Cromwell, Our Chief of Men, 1973
Chapman, Hester, The Tragedy of Charles II, 1972
Parker, W. R., Milton: A Biography, 1996
Verney, Lady Frances Parthenope, and Verney, Lady Margaret M. (eds.), Memoirs of the Verney Family duirng the Civil War, 4 vols., 1892
Foxcroft, H. C, The Life and Letters of Sir George Savile, First Marquis of Halifax, 2 vols., 1898
Winn, J. Α., John Dryden and His World, 1982
Haley, Kenneth H. D., The First Earl of Shaftesbury, 1968
Lane, Jane, Titus Oates, 1949
Turner, F. C., James II, 1948
Clarke, James Stanier (ed.), Life of James II, 2 vols., 1816. Compiled from James’s lost diary by the prince regent’s librarian and friend of Jane Austen
5. London History and Topography
Anon, Rambles by a Pedestrian, 1833
Bossy, John, Giordano Bruno and the Embassy Affair, 1991
–Under the Molehill, 2001 (both books elucidate the topography of Salisbury Court)
Bradley, S., and Pevsner, Nikolaus, The City, 1998
Brett-James, N. G., The Growth of Stuart London, 1935
Cherry, Bridget, and Pevsner, Nikolaus, London 2: South, 1990 Dews, Nathan, History of Deptford, 1883
Evelyn, John, Fumifugium, 1661
Harris, Tim, London Crowds in the Reign of Charles II, 1987
Kingsford, Charles Lethbridge, Early History Piccadilly, Leicester Square and Soho, 1925 Reddaway, T. F., The Rebuilding of London after the Great Fire, 1951
Steele, Jess, Turning the Tide: The History of Everyday Deptford, 1993 Sturdee, T., Reminiscences of Old Deptford, 1895
Other topography: Victoria County History, Huntingdonshire, Surrey and Hertfordshire volumes
6. Childhood and Cambridge
Harris, John, ‘Durdans’, Country Life (8 Sept. 1983)
James, Ch. W., Chief Justice Coke, 1929 Thorne, S. E., Sir Edward Coke, 1957
Seager, Francis, The Schoole of Vertue, and Booke of Good Nourture for Chyldren, and Youth to Learne Theyr Dutie by, 1619
Brinsley, John, Ludus Literarius, 1612
—A Consolation for Our Grammar Schooles, 1622
Hoole, Charles, A New Discovery of the Old Art of Teaching Schoole, 1660
Dickinson, Philip G. M., Huntingdon Grammar School, 1965
Mead, A. H., A Miraculous Draught of Fishes: A History of St Paul’s School, 1990
McDonnell, Michael, History of St Paul’s School, 1909
Ackermann, R., History of the Colleges of Winchester… The Schools of St Paul’s &c, 1816
Costello, W. T., The Scholastic Curriculum at Early Seventeenth-Century Cambridge, 1958 Heywood, J., and Wright, Thomas, Cambridge University Transactions during the Puritan Controversies of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, 2 vols., 1854
Cooper, Charles Henry, Annals of Cambridge, 5 vols., 1842–53
Purnell, E. K., Magdalene College, 1904
Mayor, J. E. B. (ed.), Cambridge under Queen Anne, 1911
Mullinger, J. B., Cambridge in the Seventeenth Century, 1867
Uffenbach, Zach Conrad von, London in 1710, Quarreil, W. H., and Mare, Margaret (trs.), 1934
Benson, A. C, Magdalene College: A Little View of Its Buildings and History, 1923
Cunich, P., Hoyle, D., Duffy, E. and Hyam, R., A History of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1428–1988, 1994
7. Medical
The British Library, Sloane MSS, 1536, fols. 56V., r. These are the prescriptions ‘for Mr peapes who was cut for ye Stones by Mr Hollier March ye 26 and had a very great stone taken this day from him.’
Power, Sir d’Arcy, ‘The Medical History of Mr and Mrs Samuel Pepys’, Occasional Papers Read by Members at Meetings of the Samuel Pepys Club, vol. I, 1917
Keynes, Milo, ‘Why Samuel Pepys Stopped Writing His Diary: His Dimming
Eyesight and Ill-health’, Journal of Medical Biography, vol. ν (Feb. 1997), pp. 25–9.
Lithotomia Vesicae, 1640 (English tr. from Dutch)
Tolet, F., Traité de la Lithotomie, 1693, and English ed. 1683
Nathaniel Hodges, Loimologia, Quincy, J., (tr.), 1720
Robinson, Nicholas, A Complete Treatise of the Gravel and Stone, 1734
Ellis, Harold, A History of Bladder Stone, 1969
8. Naval History
Anderson, R. C. (ed.), Journal of Edward Montagu, 1929
Campbell, John, Naval History of Great Britain including History and Lives of the British Admirals, 8 vols., 1818
Capp, Bernard, Cromwell’s Navy, 1989
Chappell, Edwin, Samuel Pepys as a Naval Administrator, 1933
Charnock, John, Biographia Navalis, 6 vols., 1794–8
Davies, J. D., Gentlemen and Tarpaulins, 1991
—‘Pepys and the Admiralty Commission of 1679–1684’, Bulletin of the Institute for Historical Research, vol. lxii (1989), pp. 34–53
de Beer, E. S., ‘Reports of Pepys’s Speech in the House of Commons, 5 March
1668’, Mariner’s Mirror, vol. 14 (1928), pp. 55–8
Harris, G. G., The Trinity House 1514–1660, 1970
Ollard, Richard, Man of War: Sir Robert Holmes and the Restoration Navy, 1969
Padfield, Peter, Maritime Supremacy and the Opening of the Western Mind, 2000
Pool, Bernard, Navy Board Contracts, 1966
Powell, J. R., and Timings, E. K. (eds.), The Rupert and Monck Letter Book 1666, 1969
Rogers, P. G., The Dutch in the Medway, 1970
Tanner, J. R. (ed.), Samuel Pepys’s Naval Minutes, 1926
—A Descriptive Catalogue of the Naval Manuscripts in the Pepysian Library, 4 vols., 1903–23
Tanner, J. R., Samuel Pepys and the Royal Navy, 1920
—‘Samuel Pepys and the Trinity House’, English Historical Review, vol. xxxxiv
(1929), pp. 583–5
Tedder, A. W., The Navy of the Restoration, 1916 Wilcox, L. Α., Mr Pepys’s Navy, 1966
9. The Diary and Pepys Material
The manuscript of the Diary is held at the Pepys Library, Magdalene College, Cambridge. Of the three transcriptions, John Smith’s manuscript is also held at the Pepys Library. It was the basis of the first edition, Lord Braybrooke (ed.), Memoirs of Samuel Pepys… Deciphered by the Revd John Smith… and Selection from Private Correspondence, 2 vols., 1825. Mynors Bright’s transcription, finished in 1875, has been lost; it was published 1875–9. Henry Wheatley’s edition of 1893–9, which drew on both Braybrooke and Bright, has notes and a good index; I have found the 1926 edition useful. The complete and definitive edition, edited and transcribed by Robert Latham and William Matthews (1970–83), is in 11 vols., one containing an index, vol. X a companion.
Pepys’s Memoires of the Royal Navy 1679–1688, 1690; also Tanner’s edition of 1906 Occasional Papers Read by Members at Meetings of the Samuel Pepys Club, 2 vols., 1917 and 1925
Smith, John, The Life, Journals and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, 2 vols., 1841 Firth, C. H., ‘The Early Life of Pepys’, Macmillan’s Magazine, vol. lxix (1894), p. 32 Wheatley, H. B., Samuel Pepys and the World He Lived In, 1880
—Pepysiana, 1899
Tanner, J. R., ‘General Introduction to Pepys Library Catalogue’ of 1903
—Samuel Pepys and the Royal Navy, 1920
—Mr Pepys: An Introduction to the Diary together with a Sketch of His Later Life, 1925 Tanner, J. R. (ed.), Naval Minutes of Samuel Pepys (from Pepys Library), 1926
—Private Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers of Samuel Pepys 1679–1703, 2 vols., 1926
—Further Correspondence of Samuel Pepys 1662–167c, 1929 Whitear, W. H., More Pepysiana, 1927
Howarth, R. G. (ed.), Letters and the Second Diary of Samuel Pepys, 1932
Chappell, Edwin (transcriber and ed.), The Shorthand Letters of Samuel Pepys, 1933
—The Tangier Papers of Samuel Pepys, 1935
Chappell, Edwin, Samuel Pepys as a Naval Administrator, 1933
—Eight Generations of the Pepys Family, 1936
Bryant, Arthur, Samuel Pepys: The Man in the Making, 1933
—Samuel Pepys: The Years of Peril, 1935
—Samuel Pepys: The Saviour of the Navy, 1938
Heath, H. T. (ed.), The Letters of Samuel Pepys and His Family Circle, 1955 Ollard, Richard, Pepys, 1974
Latham, Robert (ed.), Catalogue of the Pepys Library, 10 vols., 1978–94
Rogers, T. D., Sir Frederic Madden at Cambridge, 1980. Madden’s account of his visit to the Pepys Library in 1831 and again in Nov. 1842, when he observed the wife of the master and other ladies ‘all pulling down P’s volumes, and doing just as they please, because they are privileged persons!’
Latham, Robert (ed.), and Knighton, Charles, and Matthews, William (transcribers), Samuel Pepys and the Second Dutch War (containing Pepys’s ‘Navy White Book’ and his ‘Brooke House Papers’), 1995
CRITICAL ESSAYS
Scott, Walter, review of Diary, Quarterly Review, vol. xxxiii (Mar. 1826), p. 264 Jeffrey, Francis, review of Diary, Edinburgh Review, vol. xliii (Nov. 1825), p. 54 Review of Mynors Bright transcription, Athenaeum (29 Jan. 1876) Stevenson, Robert Louis, ‘Samuel Pepys’, Cornhill (July 1881).