In addition to War and Peace, Anna Karenina and Resurrection, all of which are widely available in English translation, two anthologies of Tolstoy's shorter works can be recommended: Great Short Works of Leo Tolstoy, tr. Louise and Aylmer Maude (1969), andTolstoy's Short Fiction, ed. and tr. Michael R. Katz, 2nd edn (2008), which is accompanied by a selection of critical articles. Also valuable are the Penguin editions of Childhood, Boyhood and Youth, translated by Rosemary Edmonds (1973), The Sebastopol Sketches, translated and introduced by David McDuff (1986), and How Much Land Does a Man Need?, translated by Ronald Wilks with an introduction by A. N. Wilson (1993)
English translations of Tolstoy's religious works include A Confession and Other Religious Writings, ed. and tr. Jane Kentish (1987), and Last Steps: The Late Writings of Leo Tolstoy, ed. and tr. Jay Parini (2009). A Calendar of Wisdom: Daily Thoughts to Nourish the Soul, ed. and tr. Peter Sekirin (1997), is a translation of Tolstoy's last major religious compilation Put' zhizni (The Path of Life).
Two essential biographical sources are Tolstoy's Diaries, ed. and tr. R. F. Christian (1985), and The Diaries of Sofia Tolstoy, tr. Cathy Porter (2009). Also recommended is Leah Bendavid-Val, Song Without Words: The Photographs and Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy(2007). Amongst biographies, the most dependable are Aylmer Maude, The Life of Tolstoy (1930), and A. N. Wilson, Tolstoy (1988).
For critical literature on Tolstoy, The Cambridge Companion to Tolstoy, ed. Donna Tussing Orwin (2002), and Richard F. Gustafson's Leo Tolstoy: Resident and Stranger - A Study in Fiction and Theology (1986) are a good place to start.
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Plates
1. Tolstoy as a newly promoted ensign, 1854.
2. Tolstoy with his brother Nikolay, 1851.
3. Sergey, Nikolay, Dmitry and Lev Tolstoy, February 1854.
4. The writers associated with the journal The Contemporary, St Petersburg, 1856. From left to right: Goncharov, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Grigorovich, Druzhinin and Ostrovsky.
5. Tolstoy in Brussels, 1861.
6. Alexandra Andreyevna Tolstaya (Alexandrine), 1860s.
7. Sofya (Sonya) Tolstaya and her younger sister Tatyana (Tanya) Bers, 1861.
8. Sonya in the drawing room at Yasnaya Polyana, 1902.
9. The old Yasnaya Polyana mansion where Tolstoy was born in 1828, and which he later sold to a neighbouring landowner.
10. Tolstoy's house at Yasnaya Polyana before the addition of a final extension in the 1890s.
11. Tolstoy by Kramskoy (1873).
12. Tolstoy ploughing with horses, 1887 by Repin.
13. Repin, Tolstoy in his study at Yasnaya Polyana, 1891.
14. Repin's first portrait of Tolstoy, 1887.
15. Sonya standing by a portrait of her deceased son Ivan (Vanechka), Yasnaya Polyana, 1897.
16. Tolstoy and his Starley Rover bicycle, 1895.
17. Tolstoy and Sonya, August 1895.
18. The Tolstoy children with their mother in Gaspra, Crimea, 1902.
19. Tolstoy and his sister Maria (Masha), 1908.
20. Tolstoy on horseback in the environs of Yasnaya Polyana, 1908.
21. Tolstoy at the opening of the People's Library in Yasnaya Polyana village, 31 January 1910.
22. Repin, Tolstoy barefoot, 1901.
Illustrations in the text
1. Tolstoy's maternal grandfather, Nikolay Sergeyevich Volkonsky.
2. The house in Moscow, to which Nikolay Ilyich Tolstoy brought his mother, sister and five children in 1837.
3. Page from the first edition of Tolstoy's ABC book, 1872.
4. The fourth draft of the opening of Anna Karenina, 1873.
5. Father Ambrosy, the Elder at Optina Pustyn Monastery.
6. Konstantin Pobedonostsev.
7. Vladimir Chertkov as a young man, 1880s.
8. Pencil drawing by Repin of Tolstoy reading in his favourite chair, 1887.
9. Cartoon showing 'Tolstoy at work'.
10. Tolstoy skating in the back garden of his Moscow house in 1898.
11. Dmitry Khilkov and Sergey Lvovich Tolstoy with a group of those accompanying the Dukhobors to Canada, 1899.
12. Cartoon showing Tolstoy as a giant next to the tiny Tsar, 1901.
13. Tolstoy photographed with his brother Sergey's widow, the former gypsy singer, 1906.
14. Tolstoy and Chertkov, Yasnaya Polyana, 1907.
15. Chertkov and employees of the Free Word Press at his house in Christchurch, 1906.