Glossary B
|
ability |
qudra |
|
absentmindedness |
dhahl |
|
accident |
‘araḍ |
|
to accrue |
warada |
|
accusative (case) |
naṣb |
|
to achieve |
fāza bi |
|
to acquire |
iqtanā |
|
action |
fi‘l |
|
in actuality |
bi-al-fi‘l |
|
acumen |
dhakā’ |
|
adept |
ahl |
|
to admire |
ghabaṭa |
|
to advise |
ashāra bi |
|
affair, command, issue |
amr |
|
to affirm |
athbata |
|
affluence |
tharwa |
|
aggregate |
majmū‘ |
|
aim |
manḥan |
|
to aim, direct toward |
saddada naḥwa |
|
to become ambitious |
ṭami‘a |
|
anger |
ghaḍab |
|
to annoy |
sakhiṭa |
|
apparent |
ẓāhir |
|
appendage |
lāḥiqa |
|
(pl. lawāḥiq) |
|
|
appetite |
bughya |
|
to apply to |
waqa‘a ‘alā |
|
to apprehend |
adraka |
|
apprehensiveness |
jaza‘ |
|
approach |
sabīl |
|
more appropriately |
aḥaqq |
|
to arise, generate, emerge |
ḥadatha |
|
arrogance |
nakhwa |
|
art |
ṣinā‘a |
|
to articulate, pronounce |
naṭaqa |
|
articulation, reason |
naṭq |
|
to aspire |
ibtagha’a |
|
to attain, reach |
ḥaṣala |
|
to be attentive |
sha‘ara bi |
|
attribute |
ṣifa |
|
audacity |
iqdām |
|
to augment |
waffara |
|
avidity |
sharah |
|
avoidance |
tajannub |
|
bad |
radī’ |
|
base |
qabīḥ |
|
to bind |
qarana |
|
boldness |
iqdām |
|
to break down, expound |
lakhkhaṣa |
|
breast, mind, conscience |
ḍamīr |
|
to bring forward |
atā ‘alā |
|
calculation |
fikr |
|
calm |
wādi‘ |
|
to care |
bālā bi |
|
category |
maqūla |
|
cause, reason |
sabab, ‘illa |
|
character trait |
adab |
|
state of character |
malaka |
|
(pl. malakāt) |
|
|
choice |
ikhtiyār |
|
city |
madīna |
|
citizen |
insān |
|
madanī |
|
|
cleverness |
kais |
|
to come upon |
waqafa ‘alā |
|
command, affair, issue |
amr |
|
to comment |
fassara |
|
compassion |
raḥma |
|
to complement |
ardafa |
|
composition |
ta’līf |
|
to comprehend |
ishtamala |
|
to comprise |
iḥtawā |
|
concord, consonance |
i’tilāf |
|
condition |
ḥāl |
|
to be confined |
inḥaṣara |
|
connection, ratio |
nisba |
|
conscience, breast, mind |
ḍamīr |
|
consonance, concord |
i’tilāf |
|
conspicuous |
qā’im |
|
to constitute |
ilta’ama |
|
to constitute innately |
faṭara |
|
to construct, originate |
ansha’a |
|
contempt |
istihāna |
|
to content |
raḍā |
|
contentedness |
riḍan |
|
contradiction, contradictory |
naqīḍ |
|
contrary |
ḍidd |
|
coordinate |
qasīm |
|
coordinate species |
anwā‘ qasīma, anwā‘ muqassima |
|
coordinating |
qāsim |
|
correct, healthy, sound |
ṣaḥīḥ, ṣawāb |
|
to counsel |
awṣā bi |
|
courage |
shajā‘a |
|
covetousness |
ḥirṣ |
|
cowardice |
jubn |
|
craft |
mihna |
|
to crave |
hawā |
|
to create |
bara’a |
|
creatures, mankind |
khalq |
|
cunning |
dahā’ |
|
custodian of the law |
qayyim bi-al-nāmūs |
|
custom |
‘āda |
|
deceitfulness |
khubth |
|
declarative sentence |
qawl jāzim |
|
declension |
i‘rāb |
|
defect, deficiency |
naqṣ |
|
deliberation |
rawiyya |
|
delicateness of soul |
riqqat al-nafs |
|
to deny, nullify |
abṭala |
|
to derive |
istakhraja |
|
description |
rasm |
|
to deserve |
ista’hala |
|
more deserving |
aḥrā |
|
desire |
raghba |
|
to detach |
infakka |
|
determinately, definitely |
‘alā al-taḥṣīl |
|
deviation |
inḥirāf |
|
devoid of |
khilw min |
|
difference |
khilāf |
|
differentia |
faṣl |
|
to differentiate, separate |
farraqa |
|
direct address |
nidā’ |
|
disagreement |
ikhtilāf |
|
discernment, mind |
dhihn |
|
discipline, education |
ta’addub |
|
discussion |
kalām |
|
to feel disgust |
‘āfa |
|
disparity |
tafāwut |
|
disposition |
isti‘dād |
|
dissuasion |
kaff |
|
to distinguish |
mayyaza |
|
distress |
ghamm |
|
dwelling |
maskan |
|
to earn |
iktasaba |
|
education, discipline |
ta’addub |
|
to embrace |
ḥāza |
|
to emerge, generate, arise |
ḥadatha |
|
to encompass |
aṭāfa bi |
|
encountering |
wujdān |
|
end |
ghāya |
|
endeavor |
himma |
|
to endow innately |
faṭara |
|
enmity |
tafāsud |
|
entreaty |
taḍarru‘ |
|
to be enveloped |
inṭawā |
|
envy |
ḥasad |
|
to equilibrate, balance |
i‘tadal |
|
equilibrium, balance |
i‘tidāl |
|
error |
khaṭa’ |
|
essence |
dhāt |
|
essential quality |
dhātiyya |
|
to establish, make |
ja‘ala |
|
evident |
bayyin |
|
evil |
sharr |
|
to examine |
naqqara |
|
exhortation |
ḥathth |
|
to exist, find |
wajada |
|
existence |
wujūd |
|
existent, existing |
mawjūd |
|
to explain |
sharraḥa |
|
to expound, break down |
lakhkhaṣa |
|
extinction |
zawāl |
|
to extract, select |
intaza‘a |
|
faction, party |
ṭā’ifa |
|
faculty, power |
quwwa |
|
famous |
sā’ir |
|
fear |
khawf |
|
final |
akhīr |
|
fine |
ḥasan |
|
firmness |
thabāt |
|
fleeing |
harab |
|
to follow |
talā |
|
form |
ṣūra |
|
fraudulence |
khibb |
|
to frighten |
fazi‘a |
|
fury |
ghaiẓ |
|
to gain |
nāla |
|
general, ordinary |
‘āmm |
|
generally accepted |
mashhūr |
|
to generate, emerge, arise |
ḥadatha |
|
goal |
hadaf |
|
good |
khair |
|
governor |
mudabbir |
|
to grasp |
waqafa ‘alā |
|
greed |
bukhl |
|
group |
ṭā’ifa |
|
to harden, make firm |
shadda |
|
hardness |
jumūd |
|
harshness |
qaswa |
|
hatred |
bighḍa |
|
haughtiness |
badhakh |
|
healthy, sound, correct |
ṣaḥĪḥ, ṣawāb |
|
to be heedful |
taḥaffaẓa |
|
to help |
tawallā |
|
helper |
wālī |
|
to hinder |
ṣadda ‘an |
|
homonymity |
ishtirāk al-ism |
|
household |
manzal |
|
how |
kaif |
|
how much |
kam |
|
identity |
huwiyya |
|
idiom, language |
lugha |
|
imagination |
takhayyul |
|
imaginative evocation |
takhyīl |
|
impediment |
‘ā’iq |
|
impertinence |
qiḥḥa |
|
impudence |
majūn |
|
to include |
taḍammana |
|
indeed |
inna |
|
indeedness |
inniyya |
|
to be indulgent, lax |
tasāmaḥa |
|
inhabitant |
ahl |
|
innate character, constitution |
fiṭra |
|
to innovate |
bada’a |
|
insensibility to pleasure |
‘adam al-iḥsās bi-al-ladhdha |
|
insolence |
waqāḥa |
|
to inspire |
inhaḍā |
|
intellect |
‘aql |
|
intelligence |
ḥulm |
|
intelligible |
ma‘qūl |
|
intention |
qaṣd |
|
to be invalid, null |
baṭala |
|
to isolate oneself, be singled out |
inḥāza |
|
issue, command, affair |
amr |
|
jealousy |
ghaira |
|
justice |
‘adāla |
|
kinship |
ṣila |
|
language, tongue, idiom |
lisān, lugha |
|
last |
muta’akhkhir |
|
law (convention or nomos) |
nāmūs |
|
divine law |
sharī‘a |
|
lawgiver |
wāḍi‘ al-sharī‘a |
|
legislator |
wāḍi‘ al-nawāmīs |
|
to be lax, indulgent |
tasāmaḥa |
|
letter |
ḥarf |
|
levelmanzila |
|
|
liberality |
sakhā’ |
|
to be limited, limit oneself |
iqtaṣara |
|
link |
rābiṭa |
|
loathing |
karāha |
|
to long for longing |
tashawwaqa shawq |
|
love |
maḥabba |
|
luxury |
taraffuh |
|
majesty |
jalāla |
|
to make, establish |
ja‘ala |
|
make-up |
khilqa |
|
mankind, creatures |
khalq |
|
material, matter |
mādda |
|
primordial material, matter |
hayūlā |
|
method |
ṭarīq |
|
metonymy, permissiveness |
tajawwuz |
|
mind |
bāl, dhihn, ḍamīr |
|
misery |
shaqā’ |
|
mistake |
ghalaṭ |
|
moderation |
‘iffa |
|
modesty |
ḥayā’ |
|
moral habit |
khulq |
|
name, noun (Greek, onoma) |
ism |
|
ambiguous (homonymous) noun |
ism mushtarak |
|
ambiguous noun |
ism muttafiq |
|
consignificant noun |
ism mutarādif |
|
equivocal noun |
ism mushakkik |
|
synonymous noun |
ism mutawāṭi’ |
|
nature |
ṭab‘, ṭabī‘a |
|
noble |
jamīl |
|
nominative (case) |
raf‘ |
|
to be null, invalid |
baṭala |
|
to nullify, deny |
abṭala |
|
to obtain |
balagha |
|
opposite |
muqābil |
|
ordinary, general |
‘āmm |
|
to originate, construct |
ansha’a |
|
outrage |
jarīra |
|
particle, letter |
ḥarf |
|
particular characteristic |
khāṣṣa |
|
party, faction |
ṭā’ifa |
|
passion |
infi‘āl |
|
pattern, shape |
shakl |
|
peevish |
za‘ir |
|
perfection |
kamāl |
|
permanence |
dawām |
|
permission |
idhn |
|
permissiveness, metonymy |
tajawwuz |
|
to persist in |
waẓāba ‘alā |
|
to point out |
awma’a ilā |
|
to posit, set down |
waḍa‘a |
|
posterior |
muta’akhkhir |
|
postulation |
iqtiḍā’ |
|
potentially |
bi-al-quwwa |
|
power, faculty |
quwwa |
|
preference |
īthār |
|
to presume |
ẓanna |
|
privation |
‘adam |
|
to procure |
istafāda |
|
prohibition |
nahy |
|
pronoun |
khālifa |
|
to pronounce, articulate |
naṭaqa |
|
more properly |
awlā |
|
proportion |
tanāsub |
|
prosperity |
yasār |
|
to provide |
afāda |
|
public |
jumhūr |
|
purpose |
gharaḍ |
|
to pursue |
salaka |
|
quality |
kaifiyya |
|
quantity |
kammiyya |
|
quick-wittedness |
dhakā’ |
|
rankrutba |
|
|
ranking |
martaba |
|
rashness |
tahawwur |
|
ratio, connection |
nisba |
|
reason, articulation |
naṭq |
|
reasoning, rational |
nāṭiq |
|
reason, cause |
‘illa, sabab |
|
reception |
jarbadha |
|
recompense |
‘iwaḍ |
|
to have recourse to |
ista‘āna bi |
|
to reflect |
ta’ammala |
|
refusal |
man‘ |
|
regulation |
qānūn |
|
relation |
iḍāfa |
|
relative |
muḍāf |
|
correlatives |
muḍāfān |
|
religion |
milla |
|
repugnant |
shani‘ |
|
request |
ṭilba |
|
to require |
iftaqara ilā |
|
requital |
jazā’ |
|
reserve |
‘udda |
|
respectfulness |
tawāḍu‘ |
|
to restrict |
qayyada bi |
|
reward |
thawāb |
|
righteous, upright |
ṣāliḥ |
|
to scrutinize |
ta‘aqqaba |
|
to search, look |
iltamasa |
|
to secure |
iqtabasa |
|
to seek |
ṭalaba |
|
to select, extract |
intaza‘a |
|
self-restrained |
ḍabiṭ li-nafsih |
|
sentence, statement |
qawl |
|
to separate, differentiate |
farraqa |
|
separate |
mufarriq |
|
to set down, posit |
waḍa‘a |
|
to settle firmly |
tamakkana |
|
shape, pattern |
shakl |
|
simple person |
ghamr |
|
to be singled out, isolate oneself |
inḥāza |
|
skilled |
ḥādhiq |
|
slackness |
rakhāwa |
|
slight, trifling |
yasīr |
|
solid |
muṣmat |
|
sophistication |
ḥunka |
|
sort |
ṣanf |
|
sound, healthy, correct |
ṣaḥīḥ, ṣawāb |
|
speech-sound |
ṣawt |
|
state (of character) |
malaka |
|
station, status |
manzila |
|
stinginess |
taqtīr |
|
stipulation |
sharṭ |
|
to strive |
sa‘ā |
|
structure |
bunya |
|
struggle |
jihād |
|
stupidity |
ḥumq |
|
substance |
jawhar |
|
to succeed |
tabi‘a |
|
to suppress |
aḍmara |
|
sureness |
wathāqa |
|
synthesis, combination |
tarkīb |
|
talent |
qarīḥa |
|
temper, moral habit |
khulq |
|
temperament |
mizāj |
|
tenor |
faḥwā |
|
thatness |
anniyya |
|
tie |
wuṣla |
|
toil |
kadd |
|
tongue, language |
lisān |
|
trait |
hai’a |
|
trickery |
makr |
|
truth |
ḥaqq |
|
true |
ḥaqīq |
|
type |
ḍarb |
|
tyrant |
jabbār |
|
understanding |
fahm |
|
unimpaired |
salīm |
|
unqualifiedly |
‘alā al-iṭlāq |
|
upright, righteous |
ṣāliḥ |
|
usurpation |
ghaṣb |
|
valid |
sadīd |
|
venerable |
sharīf |
|
veracity |
ṣidq |
|
veracious |
ṣādiq, ṣadīq |
|
vice |
radhīla |
|
vile |
khasīs |
|
vision |
baṣar |
|
volition |
irāda |
|
wastefulness |
tabdhīr |
|
wealth |
yasār |
|
what |
mā |
|
what-is |
māhuwa |
|
whatness |
māhiyya |
|
when |
matā |
|
where |
ayn |
|
whether |
hal |
|
which |
ayy |
|
wicked |
sū’ |
|
wiliness |
mukhātala |
|
will |
mashī’a |
|
to wink at |
aghḍā ‘an |
|
wisdom |
ḥikma |
|
to wish |
rāma |
|
wittiness |
ẓarf |
|
to yearn for |
ishtahā li |
|
yearning |
shahwa |