Glossary A
|
ALIF |
|
|
atā ‘alā |
to bring forward |
|
īthār |
preference |
|
akhīr |
final |
|
muta’akhkhir |
last, posterior |
|
adab |
character trait |
|
ta’addub |
education, discipline |
|
idhn |
permission |
|
ta’līf |
composition |
|
i’tilāf |
concord, consonance |
|
amr |
command, affair, issue |
|
ta’ammala |
to reflect |
|
anniyya |
thatness |
|
ahl |
inhabitant, adept |
|
inna |
indeed |
|
inniyya |
indeed-ness |
|
ista’hala |
to deserve |
|
ayn |
where |
|
ayy |
which |
|
BĀ |
|
|
bukhl |
greed |
|
bada’a |
to innovate |
|
badhakh |
haughtiness |
|
tabdhīr |
wastefulness |
|
bara’a |
to create |
|
baṣar |
vision |
|
baṭala |
to be null, void |
|
abṭala |
to nullify, deny |
|
ibtagha’a |
to aspire |
|
bighḍa |
hatred |
|
bughya |
appetite |
|
balagha |
to obtain |
|
bāl |
mind |
|
bālā bi |
to care |
|
bunya |
structure |
|
bayyin |
evident |
|
TĀ |
|
|
tabi‘a |
to succeed |
|
talā |
to follow |
|
THĀ’ |
|
|
thabāt |
firmness |
|
athbata |
to affirm |
|
tharwa |
affluence |
|
thawāb |
reward |
|
JĪM |
|
|
jabbār |
tyrant |
|
jubn |
cowardice |
|
jarbadha |
deception |
|
jarīra |
outrage |
|
jazā’ |
requital |
|
jaza‘ |
apprehensiveness |
|
ja‘ala |
to establish, make |
|
jalāla |
majesty |
|
jumūd |
hardness |
|
majmū‘ |
aggregate |
|
jamīl |
noble |
|
jumhūr |
public |
|
tajannub |
avoidance |
|
jihād |
struggle |
|
tajawwuz |
permissiveness, metonymy |
|
jawhar |
substance |
|
ḤĀ’ |
|
|
maḥabba |
love |
|
ḥathth |
exhortation |
|
ḥadatha |
to generate, emerge, arise |
|
ḥādhiq |
skilled |
|
ḥirṣ |
covetousness |
|
ḥarf |
letter, particle |
|
inḥirāf |
deviation |
|
aḥrā |
more deserving |
|
ḥasad |
envy |
|
ḥasan |
fine |
|
inḥaṣara |
to be confined |
|
haṣala |
to attain, reach |
|
‘alā al-taḥṣīl |
definitely, determinately |
|
taḥaffaẓa |
to be heedful |
|
ḥaqq |
truth |
|
ḥaqĪa |
true |
|
aḥaqq |
more appropriately |
|
ḥikma |
wisdom |
|
ḥulm |
intelligence |
|
ḥumq |
stupidity |
|
ḥunka |
sophistication |
|
ḥāza |
to embrace |
|
inḥāza |
to isolate oneself, be singled out |
|
ḥāl |
condition |
|
iḥtawā |
to comprise |
|
ḥayā’ |
modesty |
|
KHĀ |
|
|
khibb |
fraudulence |
|
khubth |
deceitfulness |
|
mukhātala |
wiliness |
|
istakhraja |
to derive |
|
khasīs |
vile |
|
khāṣṣa |
particular characteristic |
|
khaṭa’ |
error |
|
khālifa |
pronoun |
|
khilāf |
difference |
|
ikhtilāf |
disagreement |
|
khalq |
creature, mankind |
|
khilqa |
make-up |
|
khulq |
moral habit, temper |
|
khilw min |
devoid of |
|
khawf |
fear |
|
khair |
good |
|
ikhtiyār |
choice |
|
takhyīl |
imaginative evocation |
|
takhayyul |
imagination |
|
DĀL |
|
|
mudabbir |
governor |
|
adraka |
to apprehend |
|
dahā’ |
cunning |
|
dawām |
permanence |
|
DHĀL |
|
|
dhakā’ |
quick-wittedness, acumen |
|
dhahl |
absentmindedness |
|
dhihn |
discernment, mind |
|
dhāt |
essence |
|
dhātiyya |
essential quality |
|
RĀ’ |
|
|
rābiṭa |
link |
|
rutba |
rank |
|
martaba |
ranking |
|
raḥma |
compassion |
|
rakhāwa |
slackness |
|
radī’ |
bad |
|
ardafa |
to complement |
|
radhīla |
vice |
|
rasm |
description |
|
irāda |
volition |
|
raḍā |
to content |
|
riḍan |
contentedness |
|
raf‘ |
nominative (case) |
|
taraffuh |
luxury |
|
raghba |
desire |
|
riqqat al-nafs |
delicateness of soul |
|
tarkīb |
synthesis, combination |
|
rāma |
to wish |
|
rawiyya |
deliberation |
|
ZĀ’ |
|
|
za‘ir |
peevish |
|
zawāl |
extinction |
|
SĪN |
|
|
sabab |
cause, reason |
|
sabīl |
approach |
|
sakhā’ |
liberality |
|
sakhiṭa |
to annoy |
|
saddada naḥwa |
to aim, direct toward |
|
sadīd |
valid |
|
sa‘ā |
to strive |
|
maskan |
dwelling |
|
salaka |
to pursue |
|
salīm |
unimpaired |
|
ism |
noun, name (Greek, onoma) |
|
ism mutarādif |
consignificant noun |
|
ism mushtarak |
ambiguous (homonymous) noun |
|
ism mushakkik |
equivocal noun |
|
ism mutawāṭi’ |
synonymous noun |
|
ism muttafiq |
ambiguous noun |
|
tasāmaḥa |
to be indulgent, lax |
|
sū’ |
wicked |
|
sā’ir |
famous |
|
SHĪN |
|
|
shajā‘a |
courage |
|
shadda |
to harden, make firm |
|
sharr |
evil |
|
sharraḥa |
to explain |
|
sharṭ |
stipulation |
|
sharīf |
venerable |
|
ishtirāk al-ism |
homonymity |
|
sharah |
avidity |
|
sha‘ara bi |
to be attentive |
|
shaqā’ |
misery |
|
shakl |
pattern, shape |
|
ishtamala |
to comprehend |
|
shani‘ |
repugnant |
|
mashhūr |
generally accepted |
|
shahwa |
yearning |
|
ishtahā li |
to yearn for |
|
mashī’a |
will |
|
ashāra bi |
to advise |
|
tashawwaqa shawq |
to long for longing |
|
SĀD |
|
|
ṣaḥīḥṣawāb |
sound, healthy, correct |
|
ṣadda ‘an |
to hinder |
|
ṣidq |
veracity |
|
ṣādiq, ṣadĪq |
veracious |
|
ṣāliḥ |
righteous, upright |
|
muṣmat |
solid |
|
ṣanf |
sort |
|
ṣinā‘a |
art |
|
ṣawāb |
correct, sound, healthy |
|
ṣawt |
speech-sound |
|
ṣūra |
form |
|
DĀD |
|
|
ḍabiṭ li-nafsih |
self-restrained |
|
ḍidd |
contrary |
|
ḍarb |
type |
|
taḍarru‘ |
entreaty |
|
ḍamīr |
breast, mind, conscience |
|
aḍmara |
to suppress |
|
taḍammana |
to include |
|
iḍāfa |
relation |
|
muḍāf |
relative |
|
muḍāfān |
correlatives |
|
TĀ’ |
|
|
ṭab‘, ṭabī‘a |
nature |
|
ṭarīq |
method |
|
ṭalaba |
to seek |
|
ṭilba |
request |
|
‘alā al-iṭlāq |
unqualifiedly |
|
ṭami‘a |
to become ambitious |
|
ṭā’ifa |
faction, party |
|
aṭāfa bi |
to encompass |
|
inṭawā |
to be enveloped |
|
ẒĀ’ |
|
|
ẓarf |
wittiness |
|
ẓanna |
to presume |
|
ẓāhir |
apparent |
|
‘AYN |
|
|
isti‘dād |
disposition |
|
‘udda |
reserve |
|
‘adāla |
justice |
|
i‘tadal |
to equilibrate, balance |
|
i‘tidāl |
equilibrium,balance |
|
‘adam |
privation |
|
‘adam al-iḥsās bi-al-ladhdha |
insensibility to pleasure |
|
i‘rāb |
declension |
|
‘araḍ |
accident |
|
‘iffa |
moderation |
|
ta‘aqqaba |
to scrutinize |
|
‘aql |
intellect |
|
ma‘qūl |
intelligible |
|
‘āda |
custom |
|
‘āfa |
to feel disgust |
|
‘illa |
reason, cause |
|
‘āmm |
ordinary, general |
|
‘iwaḍ |
recompense |
|
‘ā’iq |
impediment |
|
ista‘āna bi |
to have recourse to |
|
GHAYN |
|
|
ghabaṭa |
to admire |
|
gharaḍ |
purpose |
|
ghaṣb |
usurpation |
|
ghaḍab |
anger |
|
aghḍā ‘an |
to wink at |
|
ghalaṭ |
mistake |
|
ghamm |
distress |
|
ghamr |
simple person |
|
ghāya |
end |
|
ghaira |
jealousy |
|
ghaiẓ |
fury |
|
FĀ’ |
|
|
faḥwā |
tenor |
|
farraqa |
to separate, differentiate |
|
mufarriq |
separate |
|
fazi‘a |
to frighten |
|
tafāsud |
enmity |
|
fassara |
to comment |
|
faṣl |
differentia |
|
faṭara |
to endow innately,to constitute innately |
|
fiṭra |
innate character, innate constitution |
|
fi‘l |
action |
|
bi-al-fi‘l |
in actuality |
|
infi‘āl |
passion |
|
iftaqara ilā |
to require |
|
infakka |
to detach |
|
fikr |
calculation |
|
fahm |
understanding |
|
tafāwut |
disparity |
|
afāda |
to provide |
|
istafāda |
to procure |
|
fāza bi |
to achieve |
|
QĀF |
|
|
qabīḥ |
base |
|
iqtabasa |
to secure |
|
muqābil |
opposite |
|
taqtīr |
stinginess |
|
qudra |
ability |
|
iqdām |
boldness |
|
qarana |
to bind |
|
qarīḥa |
talent |
|
qāsim |
coordinating |
|
qasīm |
coordinate |
|
anwā‘ qasīma |
coordinate species |
|
anwā‘ muqassima |
|
|
qaswa |
harshness |
|
qaṣd |
intention |
|
iqtaṣara |
to be limited, limit oneself |
|
iqtiḍā’ |
postulation |
|
qānūn |
regulation |
|
iqtanā |
to acquire |
|
quwwa |
faculty, power |
|
bi-al-quwwa |
potentially |
|
qawl |
sentence, statement |
|
qawl jāzim |
declarative sentence |
|
maqūla |
category |
|
qā’im |
conspicuous |
|
qawm |
group |
|
qayyada bi |
to restrict |
|
qayyim bi-al-nāmūs |
custodian of the law |
|
KĀF |
|
|
kadd |
toil |
|
karāha |
loathing |
|
iktasaba |
to earn |
|
kaff |
dissuasion |
|
kalām |
discussion |
|
kam |
how much |
|
kammiyya |
quantity |
|
kamāl |
perfection |
|
kais |
cleverness |
|
kaif |
how much |
|
kaifiyya |
quantity |
|
LĀM |
|
|
ilta’ama |
to constitute |
|
lāḥiqa |
appendage |
|
(pl.lawāḥiq) |
|
|
lakhkhaṣa |
to expound, break down |
|
alzama |
to result, be inevitable |
|
lisān |
language, tongue |
|
lugha |
idiom, language |
|
iltamasa |
to look, search |
|
MĪM |
|
|
mā |
what |
|
matā |
when |
|
majūn |
impudence |
|
mādda |
material, matter |
|
madīna |
city |
|
insān madanī |
citizen |
|
mizāj |
temperament |
|
makr |
trickery |
|
tamakkana |
to settle firmly |
|
milla |
religion |
|
malaka |
state (of character) |
|
man‘ |
refusal |
|
mihna |
craft |
|
māhuwa |
what-is |
|
māhiyya |
whatness |
|
mayyaza |
to distinguish |
|
NŪN |
|
|
manḥan |
aim |
|
nakhwa |
arrogance |
|
nidā’ |
direct address |
|
intaza‘a |
to select, extract |
|
manzal |
household |
|
manzila |
station, status |
|
nisba |
connection, ratio |
|
tanāsub |
proportion |
|
ansha’a |
to originate, construct |
|
naṣb |
accusative (case) |
|
naṭaqa |
to articulate, pronounce |
|
naṭq |
reason, articulation |
|
nāṭiq |
reasoning, rational |
|
naqqara |
to examine |
|
naqṣ |
defect, deficiency |
|
naqīḍ |
contradiction, contradictory |
|
nāla |
to gain |
|
nahy |
prohibition |
|
HĀ |
|
|
hadaf |
goal |
|
harab |
fleeing |
|
inhaḍā |
to inspire |
|
hal |
whether |
|
himma |
endeavor |
|
tahawwur |
rashness |
|
istihāna |
contempt |
|
huwiyya |
identity |
|
hawā |
to crave |
|
hai’a |
trait |
|
hayūlā |
primordial material, matter |
|
WĀW |
|
|
wathāqa |
sureness |
|
wajada |
to exist, find |
|
mawjūd |
existent, existing |
|
wujdān |
encountering |
|
wujūd |
existence |
|
wādi‘ |
calm |
|
warada |
to accrue |
|
ṣifa |
attribute |
|
wuṣla |
tie |
|
ṣila |
kinship |
|
awṣā bi |
to counsel |
|
waḍa‘a |
to posit, set down |
|
wāḍi‘ al-sharī‘a |
lawgiver |
|
wāḍi‘ al-nawāmīs |
legislator |
|
tawāḍu‘ |
respectfulness |
|
waẓāba ‘alā |
to persist in |
|
waffara |
to augment |
|
waqāḥa |
insolence |
|
qiḥḥa |
impertinence |
|
waqa‘a ‘alā |
to apply to |
|
waqafa ‘alā |
to grasp, come upon |
|
awlā |
more properly |
|
tawallā |
to help |
|
wālī |
helper |
|
awma’a ilā |
to point out |
|
YĀ |
|
|
yasār |
wealth, prosperity |
|
yasīr |
slight, trifling |