Julian Goodare
Introduction
This is a bibliography of works on Scottish witchcraft and witch-hunting, primarily in the early modern period. The aim has been to produce a list that historians working on these topics today will find useful. It includes, not only works on Scottish witchcraft per se, but also works on closely-related topics that witchcraft scholars cannot ignore – two examples being torture and fairy belief. It omits works of purely historiographical interest and popular works that have no claim to originality. It also omits works concerned with the period after about 1800, unless they also shed light on beliefs and practices of earlier times. Finally, it omits works published before 1800; for these see the bibliographical article by John Ferguson, listed below.
Whether a work is about ‘Scotland’ may sometimes be debated. A few works have been included because they are substantively about Scotland even though their title does not say so. Also included are works that discuss Scotland and another country (usually England) in a comparative context. On the other hand, works that use some Scottish material in the context of developing a more general case have been excluded.
The bibliography is divided into four sections:
1. Lists of witchcraft cases
2. Published primary sources
3. Published secondary works
4. Unpublished theses
In general, works are listed under the surname of the author. However, a given author’s works may be found in various places in the bibliography, partly because of the division into sections and partly because of the following conventions.
Debates in journals are grouped together, listed under the surname of the author of the first article.
Collections of essays have been treated in three different ways:
1. If the book contains a small number of relevant chapters, then these are listed individually under the name(s) of the author(s) of the chapter(s); the book itself is not listed separately.
2. If all or even most of the book’s chapters are relevant, then the book receives a single entry under the name(s) of the editor(s) of the book, followed by a list of all the individual chapters. This occasionally results in some chapters being listed that would not otherwise have qualified for inclusion.
3. If the book is a collection of reprints, then this is noted and all the Scottish material that it contains is listed, including full publication details of the original works. This, too, occasionally results in some works being listed that would not otherwise have qualified for inclusion. Any reprinted works that are considered relevant also receive their own entry with the original publication details.
1. Lists of witchcraft cases
G. F. Black, ‘A calendar of cases of witchcraft in Scotland, 1510–1727’, Bulletin of the New York Public Library, 41 (1937), 811–47, 917–36, and 42 (1938), 34–74; also published as G. F. Black, A Calendar of Cases of Witchcraft in Scotland, 1510– 1727 (New York, 1938)
Julian Goodare, Lauren Martin, Joyce Miller and Louise Yeoman, ‘The Survey of Scottish Witchcraft, 1563–1736’ (www.shc.ed.ac.uk/Research/witches/, archived January 2003, updated October 2003)
Christina Larner, Christopher H. Lee and Hugh V. McLachlan, A Source-Book of Scottish Witchcraft (Glasgow, 1977)
Stuart Macdonald, ‘The Scottish Witch Hunt Data Base’ (CD-Rom, privately published, 2001)
2. Published primary sources
Joseph Anderson (ed.), ‘The confessions of the Forfar witches (1661)’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 22 (1887–1888), 241–62
R. Burns Begg (ed.), ‘Notice of trials for witchcraft at Crook of Devon, Kinross-shire, in 1662’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 22 (1887–1888), 211–41
G. F. Black (ed.), ‘Confessions of Alloa witches’, Scottish Antiquary, 9 (1895), 49–52
G. F. Black (ed.), ‘Some unpublished Scottish witchcraft trials’, Bulletin of the New York Public Library, 45 (1941), 335–42, 413–22, 671–84, 763–80; also published as G. F. Black (ed.), Some Unpublished Scottish Witchcraft Trials (New York, 1941)
G. F. Black and Northcote W. Thomas (eds.), Examples of Printed Folklore Concerning the Orkney & Shetland Islands (Folk-Lore Society: County Folk-Lore, vol. iii: Printed Extracts, no. 5: London, 1903), ‘Superstitious beliefs and practices: witchcraft: trials’, pp. 55–139
John Christie (ed.), Witchcraft in Kenmore, 1730–57: Extracts from the Kirk Session Records of the Parish (Aberfeldy, 1893)
Michael Hunter (ed.), The Occult Laboratory: Magic, Science and Second Sight in Late Seventeenth-Century Scotland (Woodbridge, 2001)
James Hutchisone, ‘A sermon on witchcraft in 1697’, ed. George Neilson, Scottish Historical Review, 7 (1910), 390–9
King James VI, Minor Prose Works, ed. James Craigie (Edinburgh: Scottish Text Society, 1982) – includes his Daemonologie (1597)
King James VI & I, Selected Writings, eds. Neil Rhodes, Jennifer Richards and Joseph Marshall (Aldershot, 2003) – includes his Daemonologie (1597)
David Laing (ed.), ‘An original letter to the laird of Wishaw (now presented to the Museum), relating to the proceedings against James Aikenhead “the Atheist,” and the trial of witches in Paisley in 1696’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 11 (1874–1876), 438–45
Angus Macdonald (ed.), ‘A witchcraft case of 1647’, Scots Law Times (News) (10 April 1937), 77–8
Hugh McLachlan (ed.), The Kirk, Satan and Salem: A History of the Witches of Renfrewshire (Glasgow, 2006)
J. R. N. Macphail (ed.), ‘Papers relating to witchcraft, 1662–1677’, in Highland Papers, 4 vols. (Edinburgh: Scottish History Society, 1914–1934), iii, 2–38
M. A. Murray (ed.), ‘Two trials for witchcraft’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 56 (1921–1922), 46–60
Lawrence Normand and Gareth Roberts (eds.), Witchcraft in Early Modern Scotland: James VI’s Demonology and the North Berwick Witches (Exeter, 2000)
David M. Robertson (ed.), Goodnight My Servants All: The Sourcebook of East Lothian Witchcraft (Glasgow, 2007)
George Sinclair, Satans Invisible World Discovered, ed. Thomas G. Stevenson (Edinburgh, 1871)
John Stuart (ed.), ‘Trials for witchcraft, 1596–1598’, Miscellany of the Spalding Club, i (1841), 82–193
Trial, Confession, and Execution of Isobel Inch, John Stewart, Margaret Barclay & Isobel Crawford, for Witchcraft, at Irvine, anno 1618 (Ardrossan and Saltcoats, n.d. [c.1855])
A. E. Truckell (ed.), ‘Unpublished witchcraft trials’, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, 3rd ser., 51 (1975), 48–58, and 52 (1976), 95–108
Michael B. Wasser and Louise A. Yeoman (eds.), ‘The trial of Geillis Johnstone for witchcraft, 1614’, Scottish History Society Miscellany, xiii (2004), 83–145
David Webster (ed.), Collection of Rare and Curious Tracts on Witchcraft and the Second Sight (Edinburgh, 1820)
Louise A. Yeoman (ed.), ‘Witchcraft commissions from the register of commissions of the privy council of Scotland, 1630–1642’, Scottish History Society Miscellany, xiii (2004), 223–65
3. Published secondary works
Isabel Adam, Witch Hunt: The Great Scottish Witchcraft Trials of 1697 (London, 1978)
Priscilla Bawcutt, ‘Elrich fantasyis in Dunbar and other poets’, in J. D. McClure and M. R. G. Spiller (eds.), Bryght Lanternis: Essays on the Language and Literature of Medieval and Renaissance Scotland (Aberdeen, 1989), 162–78
Priscilla Bawcutt, ‘ “Holy words for healing”: some early Scottish charms and their ancient religious roots’, in Luuk Houwen (ed.), Literature and Religion in Late Medieval and Early Modern Scotland (Leuven, 2012), 127–44
G. F. Black, ‘Scottish charms and amulets’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 27 (1892–1893), 433–526
Roy Booth, ‘Standing within the prospect of belief: Macbeth, King James, and witchcraft’, in John Newton and Jo Bath (eds.), Witchcraft and the Act of 1604 (Leiden, 2008), 47–67
John Brims, ‘The Ross-shire witchcraft case of 1822’, Review of Scottish Culture, 5 (1989), 87–91
J. W. Brodie-Innes, Scottish Witchcraft Trials (London, 1891)
Alan Bruford, ‘Scottish Gaelic witch stories: a provisional type list’, Scottish Studies, 11 (1967), 13–47
Alan J. Bruford, ‘Workers, weepers and witches: the status of the female singer in Gaelic society’, Scottish Gaelic Studies, 17 (1996), 61–70
Hugh Cheape, ‘Lead hearts and runes of protection’, Review of Scottish Culture, 18 (2006), 149–55
Stuart Clark, ‘King James’ Daemonologie: witchcraft and kingship’, in Sydney Anglo (ed.), The Damned Art: Essays in the Literature of Witchcraft (London, 1977), 156–81
Edward J. Cowan, ‘The darker vision of the Scottish Renaissance: the Devil and Francis Stewart’, in Ian B. Cowan and Duncan Shaw (eds.), The Renaissance and Reformation in Scotland (Edinburgh, 1983), 125–40
J. G. Dalyell, The Darker Superstitions of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1834)
Thomas Davidson, Rowan Tree and Red Thread (Edinburgh, 1949)
Kirsty Duncan, ‘Was ergotism responsible for the Scottish witch hunts?’, Area, 25 (1993), 30–6; Ian D. Whyte, ‘Ergotism and witchcraft in Scotland’, Area, 26 (1994), 89–90, and rejoinder by Duncan, 90–2; W. F. Boyd, ‘Four and twenty blackbirds: more on ergotism, rye and witchcraft in Scotland’, Area, 27 (1995), 77
Rhodes Dunlap, ‘King James and some witches: the date and text of the Daemonologie’, Philological Quarterly, 54 (1975), 40–6
John Ferguson, ‘Bibliographical notes on the witchcraft literature of Scotland’, Proceedings of the Edinburgh Bibliographical Society, 3 (1895), 37–124
R. Menzies Fergusson, ‘The witches of Alloa’, Scottish Historical Review, 4 (1907), 40–8
Daniel Fischlin, ‘ “Counterfeiting God”: James VI (I) and the politics of Daemonologie (1597)’, Journal of Narrative Technique, 26 (1996), 1–27; also published in Graham Caie et al. (eds.), The European Sun: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Medieval and Renaissance Scottish Language and Literature (East Linton, 2001), 452–74
Keely Fisher, ‘Eldritch comic verse in older Scots’, in Sally Mapstone (ed.), Older Scots Literature (Edinburgh, 2005), 292–313
Mary Floyd-Wilson, ‘English epicures and Scottish witches’, Shakespeare Quarterly, 57 (2006), 131–61
William Gillies, ‘The Land of the Little People in medieval Gaelic literary tradition’, in Alasdair A. MacDonald and Kees Dekker (eds.), Rhetoric, Royalty, and Reality: Essays on the Literary Culture of Medieval and Early Modern Scotland (Leuven, 2005), 51–68
Julian Goodare, ‘Women and the witch-hunt in Scotland’, Social History, 23 (1998), 288–308
Julian Goodare, ‘The Aberdeenshire witchcraft panic of 1597’, Northern Scotland, 21 (2001), 1–21
Julian Goodare, ‘The framework for Scottish witch-hunting in the 1590s’, Scottish Historical Review, 81 (2002), 240–50
Julian Goodare (ed.), The Scottish Witch-Hunt in Context (Manchester, 2002). Contents:
• Ronald Hutton, ‘The global context of the Scottish witch-hunt’, pp. 16–32
• Stuart Macdonald, ‘In search of the Devil in Fife witchcraft cases, 1560–1705’, pp. 33–50
• Julian Goodare, ‘The Scottish witchcraft panic of 1597’, pp. 51–72
• Lauren Martin, ‘The Devil and the domestic: witchcraft, quarrels and women’s work in Scotland’, pp. 73–89
• Joyce Miller, ‘Devices and directions: folk healing aspects of witchcraft practice in seventeenth-century Scotland’, pp. 90–105
• Louise Yeoman, ‘Hunting the rich witch in Scotland: high-status witchcraft suspects and their persecutors, 1590–1650’, pp. 106–21
• Julian Goodare, ‘Witch-hunting and the Scottish state’, pp. 122–45
• Michael Wasser, ‘The western witch-hunt of 1697–1700: the last major witchhunt in Scotland’, pp. 146–65
• Brian P. Levack, ‘The decline and end of Scottish witch-hunting’, pp. 166–81
• James Sharpe, ‘Witch-hunting, witchcraft and witch historiography: England and Scotland compared’, pp. 182–97
• Edward J. Cowan and Lizanne Henderson, ‘The last of the witches? The survival of Scottish witch belief, pp. 198–217
Julian Goodare, ‘John Knox on demonology and witchcraft’, Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte, 96 (2005), 221–45
Julian Goodare, ‘The Scottish witchcraft act’, Church History, 74 (2005), 39–67
Julian Goodare, ‘Men and the witch-hunt in Scotland’, in Alison Rowlands (ed.), Witchcraft and Masculinities in Early Modern Europe (Basingstoke, 2009), 148–70
Julian Goodare, ‘The cult of the seely wights in Scotland’, Folklore, 123 (2012), 198–219
Julian Goodare, ‘Witchcraft in Scotland’, in Brian P. Levack (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America (Oxford, 2013), 300–17
Julian Goodare, Lauren Martin and Joyce Miller (eds.), Witchcraft and Belief in Early Modern Scotland (Basingstoke, 2008). Contents:
• Julian Goodare, ‘Scottish witchcraft in its European context’, pp. 26–50
• Lauren Martin and Joyce Miller, ‘Some findings from the Survey of Scottish Witchcraft’, pp. 51–70
• Edward J. Cowan, ‘Witch persecution and popular belief in Lowland Scotland: the Devil’s decade’, pp. 71–94
• Lizanne Henderson, ‘Witch hunting and witch belief in the Gàidhealtachd’, pp.95–118
• Lauren Martin, ‘Scottish witchcraft panics re-examined’, pp. 119–43
• Joyce Miller, ‘Men in black: appearances of the Devil in early modern Scottish witchcraft discourse’, pp. 144–65
• Brian P. Levack, ‘Demonic possession in early modern Scotland’, pp. 166–84
• Owen Davies, ‘A comparative perspective on Scottish cunning-folk and charmers’, pp. 185–205
• Michael Wasser, ‘The mechanical world-view and the decline of witch-beliefs in Scotland’, pp. 206–26
• Hugh Cheape, “‘Charms against witchcraft”: magic and mischief in museum collections’, pp. 227–48
Alaric Hall, ‘Getting shot of elves: healing, witchcraft and fairies in the Scottish witchcraft trials’, Folklore, 116 (2005), 19–36
Alaric Hall, ‘Folk-healing, fairies and witchcraft: the trial of Stein Maltman, Stirling 1628’, Studia Celtica Fennica, 3 (2006), 10–25
Alaric Hall, ‘The etymology and meanings of eldritch’, Scottish Language, 26 (2007), 16–22
Alison Hanham, ‘ “The Scottish Hecate”: a wild witch chase’, Scottish Studies, 13 (1969), 59–65
R. L. Harris, ‘Janet Douglas and the witches of Pollock: the background of scepticism in Scotland in the 1670s’, in S. R. McKenna (ed.), Selected Essays on Scottish Language and Literature: A Festschrift in Honor of Allan H. MacLaine (Lewiston, NY, 1992), 97–124
Lizanne Henderson, ‘The road to Elfland: fairy belief and the Child Ballads’, in Edward J. Cowan (ed.), The Ballad in Scottish History (East Linton, 2000), 54–72
Lizanne Henderson, ‘The survival of witchcraft prosecutions and witch belief in south west Scotland’, Scottish Historical Review, 85 (2006), 54–76
Lizanne Henderson, ‘Charmers, spells and holy wells: the repackaging of belief’, Review of Scottish Culture, 19 (2007), 10–26
Lizanne Henderson (ed.), Fantastical Imaginations: The Supernatural in Scottish History and Culture (East Linton, 2009). Contents:
• Edward J. Cowan, ‘The discovery of the future: prophecy and second sight in Scottish history’, pp. 1–28
• Louise Yeoman, ‘Away with the fairies’, pp. 29–46
• George M. Brunsden, ‘Seventeenth- and eighteenth-century astrology and the Scottish popular almanac’, pp. 47–69
• Hugh Cheape, ‘From natural to supernatural: the material culture of charms and amulets’, pp. 70–90
• Colin Kidd, ‘The Scottish Enlightenment and the supernatural’, pp. 91–109
• Douglas Gifford, ‘ “Nathaniel Gow’s toddy”: the supernatural in Lowland Scottish literature from Burns and Scott to the present day’, 110–140
• Lizanne Henderson, ‘Witch, fairy and folktale narratives in the trial of Bessie Dunlop’, pp. 141–66
• Margaret Bennett, ‘Stories of the supernatural: from local memorate to Scottish legend’, pp. 167–84
• John MacInnes, ‘The Church and traditional belief in Gaelic society’, pp.185–95
• Juliette Wood, ‘Lewis Spence: remembering the Celts’, pp. 196–211
• Valentina Bold, ‘The Wicker Man: virgin sacrifice in Dumfries and Galloway’, pp. 212–20
Lizanne Henderson, ‘ “Detestable slaves of the Devil”: changing ideas about witchcraft in sixteenth-century Scotland’, in Edward J. Cowan and Lizanne Henderson (eds.), A History of Everyday Life in Medieval Scotland, 1000 to 1600 (Edinburgh, 2011), 226–53
Lizanne Henderson, ‘The witches of Bute’, in Anna Ritchie (ed.), Historic Bute: Land and People (Edinburgh, 2012), 151–61
Lizanne Henderson and Edward J. Cowan, Scottish Fairy Belief: A History (East Linton, 2001)
Michael Hunter, ‘The discovery of second sight in late 17th-century Scotland’, History Today, 51:6 (June 2001), 48–53
Ronald Hutton, ‘Witch-hunting in Celtic societies’, Past and Present, 212 (August 2011), 43–71
Clare Jackson, ‘Judicial torture, the liberties of the subject, and Anglo-Scottish relations, 1660–1690’, in T. C. Smout (ed.), Anglo-Scottish Relations from 1603 to 1900 (Oxford, 2005), 75–101
Laura Kolb, ‘Playing with demons: interrogating the supernatural in Jacobean drama’, Forum for Modern Language Studies, 43 (2007), 337–50
Christina Larner, ‘English and Scotch witches’, New Edinburgh Review, 11 (February 1971), 25–9
Christina Larner, ‘James VI and I and witchcraft’, in Alan G. R. Smith (ed.), The Reign of James VI and I (London, 1973), 74–90
Christina Larner, ‘Two late Scottish witchcraft tracts: Witch-Craft Proven and The Tryal of Witchcraft’, in Sydney Anglo (ed.), The Damned Art: Essays in the Literature of Witchcraft (London, 1977), 227–45
Christina Larner, ‘ “Crimen exceptum”? The crime of witchcraft in Europe’, in V. A. C. Gatrell, Bruce Lenman and Geoffrey Parker (eds.), Crime and the Law: The Social History of Crime in Europe since 1500 (London, 1980), 49–75
Christina Larner, Enemies of God: The Witch-Hunt in Scotland (London, 1981)
Christina Larner, ‘Witch-beliefs and witch-hunting in England and Scotland’, History Today, 31:2 (February 1981), 32–6
Christina Larner, The Thinking Peasant: Popular and Educated Belief in Pre-Industrial Culture (Gifford Lectures in Natural Theology, 1982) (Glasgow, 1982)
Christina Larner, Witchcraft and Religion: The Politics of Popular Belief (Oxford, 1984). Contents:
• ‘James VI and I and witchcraft’, pp. 3–22
• ‘The crime of witchcraft in Scotland’, pp. 23–33
• “‘Crimen exceptum”? The crime of witchcraft in Europe’, pp. 35–67
• ‘Witch beliefs and accusations in England and Scotland’, pp. 69–78
• ‘Witchcraft past and present: (i) Is all witchcraft really witchcraft? (ii) Was witch-hunting woman-hunting? (iii) When is a witch-hunt a witch-hunt?’, pp. 79–91
• ‘Relativism and ethnocentrism: popular and educated beliefs in pre-industrial culture (The Gifford Lectures in Natural Theology, 1982)’, pp. 95–165
Christina Larner, ‘Healing in pre-industrial Britain’, in Mike Saks (ed.), Alternative Medicine in Britain (Oxford, 1992), 25–34
Jacqueline E. M. Latham, ‘The Tempest and King James’ Daemonologie’, Shakespeare Studies, 28 (1975), 117–23
Brian P. Levack, ‘The great Scottish witch-hunt of 1661–1662’, Journal of British Studies, 20 (1980), 90–108
Brian P. Levack (ed.), Witchcraft in Scotland (New York, 1992). Reprints. Contents:
• F. Legge, ‘Witchcraft in Scotland’, Scottish Review, 18 (1891), 257–88
• Christina Larner, ‘The crime of witchcraft in Scotland’, in her Witchcraft and Religion: The Politics of Popular Belief (Oxford, 1984), 23–33
• John Ferguson, ‘Bibliographical notes on the witchcraft literature of Scotland’, Proceedings of the Edinburgh Bibliographical Society, 3 (1895), 37–124
• G. F. Black, ‘A calendar of cases of witchcraft in Scotland, 1510–1727’, Bulletin of the New York Public Library, 41 (1937), 811–47, 917–36; 42 (1938), 34–74
• Edward J. Cowan, ‘The darker vision of the Scottish Renaissance: the Devil and Francis Stewart’, in Ian B. Cowan and Duncan Shaw (eds.), The Renaissance and Reformation in Scotland (Edinburgh, 1983), 125–40
• Christina Larner, ‘Witch-beliefs and witch-hunting in England and Scotland’, History Today, 31:2 (February 1981), 32–6
• Brian P. Levack, ‘The great Scottish witch-hunt of 1661–1662’, Journal of British Studies, 20 (1980), 90–108
• W. N. Neill, ‘The professional pricker and his test for witchcraft’, Scottish Historical Review, 19 (1922), 205–13
• M. A. Murray, ‘The “Devil” of North Berwick’, Scottish Historical Review, 15 (1918), 310–21
• William Roughead, ‘The witches of North Berwick’, in his The Riddle of the Ruthvens and Other Studies (Edinburgh, 1936), 144–66
• Helen Stafford, ‘Notes on Scottish witchcraft cases, 1590–91’, in Norton Downs (ed.), Essays in Honor of Conyers Read (Chicago, Ill., 1953), 96–118, 278–84
• A. E. Truckell (ed.), ‘Unpublished witchcraft trials’, Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, 3rd ser., 51 (1975), 48–58, and 52 (1976), 95–108
• James Hutchisone, ‘A sermon on witchcraft in 1697’, ed. George Neilson, Scottish Historical Review, 7 (1910), 390–9
Brian P. Levack (ed.), New Perspectives on Witchcraft, Magic and Demonology, vol. iii: Witchcraft in the British Isles and New England (London, 2001). Reprints. Contents include:
• P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, ‘The fear of the king is death: James VI and the witches of East Lothian’, in W. G. Naphy and Penny Roberts (eds.), Fear in Early Modern Society (Manchester, 1997), 209–25
• S. W. McDonald, A. Thom and A. Thom, ‘The Bargarran witch trial: a psychiatric reassessment’, Scottish Medical Journal, 41 (1996), 152–8
Brian P. Levack, ‘Judicial torture in Scotland during the age of Mackenzie’, Stair Society Miscellany, iv (2002), 185–98
Brian P. Levack, ‘State-building and witch-hunting in early modern Scotland’, in Johannes Dillinger, Jürgen M. Schmidt and Dieter R. Bauer (eds.), Hexenprozess und Staatsbildung: Witch-Trials and State-Building (Bielefeld, 2008), 77–95
Brian P. Levack, Witch-Hunting in Scotland: Law, Politics and Religion (London, 2008). Contents:
• ‘Witch-hunting in Scotland and England’, pp. 1–14
• ‘Witchcraft and the law in early modern Scotland’, pp. 15–33
• ‘King James VI and witchcraft’, pp. 34–54
• ‘Witch-hunting in revolutionary Britain’, pp. 55–80
• ‘The great Scottish witch-hunt of 1661–2’, pp. 81–97
• ‘Absolutism, state-building, and witchcraft’, pp. 98–114
• ‘Demonic possession and witch-hunting in Scotland’, pp. 115–30
• ‘The decline and end of Scottish witch-hunting’, pp. 131–44
• ‘Witch-hunting and witch-murder in early eighteenth-century Scotland’, pp.145–61
Emily Lyle, Fairies and Folk: Approaches to the Scottish Ballad Tradition (Trier, 2007)
J. A. MacCulloch, ‘The mingling of fairy and witch beliefs in sixteenth and seventeenth century Scotland’, Folk-Lore, 32 (1921), 227–44
Stuart Macdonald, The Witches of Fife: Witch-Hunting in a Scottish Shire, 1560–1710 (East Linton, 2002)
Stuart Macdonald, ‘Torture and the Scottish witch-hunt: a re-examination’, Scottish Tradition, 27 (2002), 95–114
Stuart Macdonald, ‘Enemies of God revisited: recent publications on Scottish witch-hunting’, Scottish Economic and Social History, 23 (2003), 65–84
S. W. McDonald, ‘The Devil’s mark and the witch-prickers of Scotland’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 90 (1997), 507–11
S. W. McDonald, ‘The witch doctors of Scotland’, Scottish Medical Journal, 43 (1998), 119–22
S. W. McDonald, A. Thom and A. Thom, ‘The Bargarran witch trial: a psychiatric reassessment’, Scottish Medical Journal, 41 (1996), 152–8
William Mackay, ‘The Strathglass witches of 1662’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, 9 (1879–80), 113–21
Hugh V. McLachlan, ‘Witchcraft belief and social reality’, Philosophical Journal, 14 (1977), 99–110
Hugh V. McLachlan, ‘The Bargarran witchcraft scare of the 1690s’, History Scotland, 7:5 (May 2007), 14–19
Hugh V. McLachlan and J. K. Swales, ‘Witchcraft and anti-feminism’, Scottish Journal of Sociology, 4 (1980), 141–66
Hugh McLachlan and Kim Swales, ‘The bewitchment of Christian Shaw: a reassessment of the famous Paisley witchcraft case of 1697’, in Yvonne G. Brown and Rona Ferguson (eds.), Twisted Sisters: Women, Crime and Deviance in Scotland since 1400 (East Linton, 2002), 54–83
J. M. McPherson, Primitive Beliefs in the North-East of Scotland (London, 1929)
M. A. Manzaloui, ‘St. Bonaventure and the witches in “Macbeth”’, Innes Review, 14 (1963), 72–4
Lauren Martin, ‘Witchcraft and family: what can witchcraft documents tell us about early modern Scottish family life?’, Scottish Tradition, 27 (2002), 7–22
W. Matheson, ‘The historical Coinneach Odhar and some prophecies attributed to him’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, 46 (1969–1970), 66–88
P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, ‘The fear of the king is death: James VI and the witches of East Lothian’, in W. G. Naphy and Penny Roberts (eds.), Fear in Early Modern Society (Manchester, 1997), 209–25
P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, ‘Witchcraft and the kirk in Aberdeenshire, 1596–97’, Northern Scotland, 18 (1998), 1–14
P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, Satan’s Conspiracy: Magic and Witchcraft in Sixteenth-Century Scotland (East Linton, 2001)
P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, ‘Witchcraft and magic in eighteenth-century Scotland’, in Owen Davies and Willem de Blécourt (eds.), Beyond the Witch Trials: Witchcraft and Magic in Enlightenment Europe (Manchester, 2004), 81–99
P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, Abundance Of Witches: The Great Scottish Witch-Hunt (Stroud, 2005); reprinted as The Great Scottish Witch-Hunt (Stroud, 2007)
P. G. Maxwell-Stuart, ‘King James’s experience of witches, and the 1604 English Witchcraft Act’, in John Newton and Jo Bath (eds.), Witchcraft and the Act of 1604 (Leiden, 2008), 31–46
Joyce Miller, Magic and Witchcraft in Scotland (Musselburgh, 2004)
Scott Moir, ‘The crucible: witchcraft and the experience of family in early modern Scotland’, in Elizabeth Ewan and Janay Nugent (eds.), Finding the Family in Medieval and Early Modern Scotland (Aldershot, 2008), 49–59
Chris Neale, The 17th Century Witch Craze in West Fife: A Guide to the Printed Sources (Dunfermline District Libraries, 1980)
W. N. Neill, ‘The professional pricker and his test for witchcraft’, Scottish Historical Review, 19 (1922), 205–13
W. N. Neill, ‘The last execution for witchcraft in Scotland, 1722’, Scottish Historical Review, 20 (1923), 218–21
Lawrence Normand, ‘Modernising Scottish witchcraft texts’, EnterText, 3 (2003), 227–37
D. J. Parkinson, ‘ “The Legend of the Bishop of St Androis Lyfe” and the survival of Scottish poetry’, Early Modern Literary Studies, 9:1 (May 2003), electronic journal
Coleman O. Parsons, Witchcraft and Demonology in Scott’s Fiction (Edinburgh, 1964)
Diane Purkiss, ‘Sounds of silence: fairies and incest in Scottish witchcraft stories’, in Stuart Clark (ed.), Languages of Witchcraft: Narrative, Ideology and Meaning in Early Modern Culture (London, 2001), 81–98
Diane Purkiss, ‘Losing babies, losing stories: attending to women’s confessions in Scottish witch-trials’, in Margaret Mikesell and Adele Seeff (eds.), Culture and Change: Attending to Early Modern Women (Newark, Del., 2003), 143–58
Anthony Ross, ‘Incubi in the Isles in the thirteenth century’, Innes Review, 13 (1962), 108–9
Sir Walter Scott, Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft (London, 1884; first published 1830)
Charles K. Sharpe, A Historical Account of the Belief in Witchcraft in Scotland (London, 1884; first published 1818)
Jacqueline Simpson, ‘ “The weird sisters wandering”: burlesque witchery in Montgomerie’s Flyting’, Folklore, 106 (1995), 9–20
Alex Sutherland, The Brahan Seer: The Making of a Legend (Bern, 2009)
Margo Todd, ‘Fairies, Egyptians and elders: multiple cosmologies in post-Reformation Scotland’, in Bridget Heal and Ole Peter Grell (eds.), The Impact of the European Reformation: Princes, Clergy and People (Aldershot, 2008), 189–208
Michael Wasser, ‘The privy council and the witches: the curtailment of witchcraft prosecutions in Scotland, 1597–1628’, Scottish Historical Review, 82 (2003), 20–46
Emma Wilby, ‘The witch’s familiar and the fairy in early modern England and Scotland’, Folklore, 111 (2000), 283–305
Emma Wilby, Cunning Folk and Familiar Spirits: Shamanistic Visionary Traditions in Early Modern British Witchcraft and Magic (Brighton, 2005)
Emma Wilby, The Visions of Isobel Gowdie: Magic, Witchcraft and Dark Shamanism in Seventeenth-Century Scotland (Brighton, 2010)
Liv Helene Willumsen, ‘Witches in Scotland and northern Norway: two case studies’, in Peter Graves and Arne Kruse (eds.), Images and Imaginations: Perspectives on Britain and Scandinavia (Edinburgh, 2007), 35–67
Liv Helene Willumsen, ‘A narratological approach to witchcraft trial: a Scottish case’, Journal of Early Modern History, 15 (2011), 531–60
Liv Helene Willumsen, ‘Seventeenth-century witchcraft trials in Scotland and northern Norway: comparative aspects’, History Research, 1:1 (December 2011), 61–74
Liv Helene Willumsen, Witches of the North: Scotland and Finnmark (Leiden, 2013)
Juliette Wood, ‘A Celtic sorcerer’s apprentice: the magician figure in Scottish tradition’, in Roderick J. Lyall and Felicity Riddy (eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Scottish Language and Literature (Glasgow, 1983), 127–42
Jenny Wormald, ‘The witches, the Devil and the king’, in Terry Brotherstone and David Ditchburn (eds.), Freedom and Authority: Scotland, c.1050–c.1650 (East Linton, 2000), 165–80
Louise A. Yeoman, ‘The Devil as doctor: witchcraft, Wodrow, and the wider world’, Scottish Archives, 1 (1995), 93–105
John R. Young, ‘The Scottish parliament and witch-hunting in Scotland under the covenanters’, Parliaments, Estates and Representation, 26 (2006), 53–65
4. Unpublished theses
Michelle Brock, ‘The Fiend in the Fog: A History of Satan in Early Modern Scotland’ (University of Texas at Austin PhD thesis, 2012)
Anna L. Cordey, ‘Witch-Hunting in the Presbytery of Dalkeith, 1649 to 1662’ (University of Edinburgh MSc by Research thesis, 2003)
John Gilmore, ‘Witchcraft and the Church in Scotland subsequent to the Reformation’ (University of Glasgow PhD thesis, 1948)
Lizanne Henderson, ‘Supernatural Traditions and Folk Beliefs in an Age of Transition: Witchcraft and Charming in Scotland, c.1670–1740’ (University of Strathclyde PhD thesis, 2004)
Paula Hughes, ‘The 1649–50 Scottish Witch-Hunt, with Particular Reference to the Synod of Lothian and Tweeddale’ (University of Strathclyde PhD thesis, 2008)
Paul M. Kidd, ‘King James VI and the Demonic Conspiracy: Witch-Hunting and Anti-Catholicism in 16th- and early-17th-century Scotland’ (University of Glasgow MPhil thesis, 2004)
Margaret C. Kintscher, ‘The Culpability of James VI of Scotland, Later James I of England, in the North Berwick Witchcraft Trials of 1590–91’ (San Jose State University MA thesis, 1991)
Christina Larner (née Ross), ‘Scottish Demonology in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries and its Theological Background’ (University of Edinburgh PhD thesis, 1962)
Lauren Martin, ‘The Devil and the Domestic: Witchcraft, Women’s Work and Marriage in Early Modern Scotland’ (New School for Social Research, New York, PhD thesis, 2003)
Joyce Miller, ‘Cantrips and Carlins: Magic, Medicine and Society in the Presbyteries of Haddington and Stirling, 1600–1688’ (University of Stirling PhD thesis, 1999)
Laura Paterson, ‘The Witches’ Sabbath in Scotland’ (University of Edinburgh MSc by Research thesis, 2011)
Sarah Rhodes, ‘King James VI of Scotland, His Treatise Daemonologie, and the Subsequent Influence on Witchcraft Prosecution in Scotland’ (College of Charleston and the Citadel MA thesis, 2009)
Jane Ridder-Patrick, ‘Astrology in Early Modern Scotland, ca. 1543–1726’ (University of Edinburgh PhD thesis, 2012)
Elizabeth Robertson, ‘Panic and Persecution: Witch-Hunting in East Lothian, 1628–1631’ (University of Edinburgh MSc by Research thesis, 2009)
Liv Helene Willumsen, ‘Seventeenth Century Witchcraft Trials in Scotland and Northern Norway’ (University of Edinburgh PhD thesis, 2008)