Abbreviations Used in the Notes

AG Opinions

Official Opinions of the Attorneys General of the United States (Washington, DC, 1852–), 43 vols.

AL

Abraham Lincoln

ALP LC

Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC

Annals

The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (Washington, DC: Gales & Seaton, 1834–56), 42 vols.

ASP

American State Papers: Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States . . . Selected and Edited under the Authority of Congress (Washington, DC: Gales & Seaton, 1832–61), 38 vols.

Basler

Roy Basler, ed., The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1953), 8 vols.

Bevans

Charles I. Bevans, ed., Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America, 1776–1949 (Washington, DC, 1968), 13 vols.

BL

Beinecke Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT

Cong. Globe

The Congressional Globe (Washington, DC: Blair & Rives, 1834–73), 44 vols.

FL

Francis Lieber

FLP HL

The Papers of Francis Lieber, Huntington Library, San Marino, CA

FLP JHU

The Papers of Francis Lieber, Johns Hopkins Library, Baltimore, MD

FLP LC

The Papers of Francis Lieber, Library of Congress, Washington, DC

HL

Huntington Library, San Marino, CA

Instructions

Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the Field (New York: Van Nostrand, 1863)

JCC

Journals of the Continental Congress (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1904–37), 34 vols.

JHP LC

Joseph Holt Papers, Library of Congress

Kappler

Charles J. Kappler, ed., Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1904–71), 7 vols.

LC

Library of Congress, Washington, DC

Malloy

William M. Malloy, ed., Treaties, Conventions, International Acts, Protocols, and Agreements, 1776–1909 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1910), 2 vols.

Miller

Hunter Miller, ed., Treaties and Other International Acts of the United States of America (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1931–48), 8 vols.

NARA

National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC

NYHS

New-York Historical Society Library, New York, NY

OR

War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901), 70 vols.

ORN

Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1894–1922), 30 vols.

PAH

Harold C. Syrett et al., eds., The Papers of Alexander Hamilton (New York: Columbia University Press, 1961–87), 27 vols.

PAJ

Sam B. Smith et al., eds., The Papers of Andrew Jackson (Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 1980–2007), 8 vols.

PBF

Leonard W. Laboree et al., eds., The Papers of Benjamin Franklin (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957–), 40 vols.

PDW

Charles M. Wiltse, ed., Papers of Daniel Webster (Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1974–89), 14 vols.

PEMS

Papers of Edwin M. Stanton, Library of Congress, Washington, DC

PGW

W. W. Abbot et al., eds., The Papers of George Washington (Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 1983–)

Pitman

The Assassination of President Lincoln and the Trial of the Conspirators, comp. & arr. Benn Pitman (New York: Moore, Wilstach & Baldwin, 1865)

PTJ

Julian P. Boyd et al., eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1950–), 37 vols.

Richardson

James D. Richardson, ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents, 1789–1897 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1896–1899), 10 vols.

Stat.

United States Statutes at Large (Boston & Washington, DC, 1848–), 122 vols.

WGW

John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., The Writings of George Washington: From the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745–1799 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1931–44), 39 vols.