The most commonly encountered topics of nineteenth and twentieth century history, from the origins of the French Revolution, through the social and political reforms and upheavals of the last two centuries to the present.
Chapter 1. Renaissance Humanism
Chapter 2. The Background to the Reformation
Chapter 3. Political Factors in the Spread of Lutheranism in Germany Between 1517 and 1555
Chapter 4. The Spread and Significance of Calvinism
Chapter 5. Calvinism and the Jesuits
Chapter 6. The Counter Reformation
Chapter 7. The Political Development of Spain 1474–1598
Chapter 8. The Italian Wars and the Habsburg-Valois Struggle 1494–1559
Chapter 9. The Foreign Policy of Philip II
Chapter 10. The Development of the Ottoman Empire to 1566
Chapter 11. The Beginnings of Ottoman Decline 1566–1699
Chapter 12. European Population Growth 1500–1800
Chapter 13. The Holy Roman Empire 1493–1618
Chapter 14. Issues Involved in the Thirty Years’ War
Chapter 15. The Effects of the Thirty Years’ War on Germany
Chapter 16. The Significance of the Treaty of Westphalia
Chapter 17. The Spanish and Portuguese Empires
Chapter 19. Sweden as a Major Power 1611–1721
Chapter 20. The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century
Chapter 21. France During the Administration of Cardinal Richelieu
Chapter 22. France Under Louis XIV
Chapter 23. French Foreign Policy in the Seventeenth Century
Chapter 24. The Reforms of the Great Elector
Chapter 25. The Growth of the Prussian Bureaucracy in the Eighteenth Century
Chapter 26. Prussian Foreign Policy 1740–1786
Chapter 27. The Reforms of Peter the Great
Chapter 28. Russia Under Catherine the Great
Chapter 29. Russian Foreign Policy in the Eighteenth Century
Chapter 30. Austria Under Maria Theresa
Chapter 31. Austria Under Joseph II
Chapter 33. Enlightened Despotism: A General Survey
Chapter 34. France Under the Regency and Cardinal Fleury 1715–1743
Chapter 35. France Under Louis XV and Louis XVI
Chapter 36. French Foreign Policy in the Eighteenth Century
Chapter 37. The Origins of the French Revolution